--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ book_sales avg_price, item_io
+ add_item add_item, add_item2
+ add add
+ my_sum my_sum
+ occurs occurs
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+/* This file defines the Sales_item class used in chapter 1.
+ * The code used in this file will be explained in
+ * Chapter 7 (Classes) and Chapter 14 (Overloaded Operators)
+ * Readers shouldn't try to understand the code in this file
+ * until they have read those chapters.
+*/
+
+#ifndef SALESITEM_H
+// we're here only if SALESITEM_H has not yet been defined
+#define SALESITEM_H
+
+// Definition of Sales_item class and related functions goes here
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+class Sales_item {
+// these declarations are explained section 7.2.1, p. 270
+// and in chapter 14, pages 557, 558, 561
+friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream&, Sales_item&);
+friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, const Sales_item&);
+friend bool operator<(const Sales_item&, const Sales_item&);
+friend bool
+operator==(const Sales_item&, const Sales_item&);
+public:
+ // constructors are explained in section 7.1.4, pages 262 - 265
+ // default constructor needed to initialize members of built-in type
+ Sales_item() = default;
+ Sales_item(const std::string &book): bookNo(book) { }
+ Sales_item(std::istream &is) { is >> *this; }
+public:
+ // operations on Sales_item objects
+ // member binary operator: left-hand operand bound to implicit this pointer
+ Sales_item& operator+=(const Sales_item&);
+
+ // operations on Sales_item objects
+ std::string isbn() const { return bookNo; }
+ double avg_price() const;
+// private members as before
+private:
+ std::string bookNo; // implicitly initialized to the empty string
+ unsigned units_sold = 0; // explicitly initialized
+ double revenue = 0.0;
+};
+
+// used in chapter 10
+inline
+bool compareIsbn(const Sales_item &lhs, const Sales_item &rhs)
+{ return lhs.isbn() == rhs.isbn(); }
+
+// nonmember binary operator: must declare a parameter for each operand
+Sales_item operator+(const Sales_item&, const Sales_item&);
+
+inline bool
+operator==(const Sales_item &lhs, const Sales_item &rhs)
+{
+ // must be made a friend of Sales_item
+ return lhs.units_sold == rhs.units_sold &&
+ lhs.revenue == rhs.revenue &&
+ lhs.isbn() == rhs.isbn();
+}
+
+inline bool
+operator!=(const Sales_item &lhs, const Sales_item &rhs)
+{
+ return !(lhs == rhs); // != defined in terms of operator==
+}
+
+// assumes that both objects refer to the same ISBN
+Sales_item& Sales_item::operator+=(const Sales_item& rhs)
+{
+ units_sold += rhs.units_sold;
+ revenue += rhs.revenue;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+// assumes that both objects refer to the same ISBN
+Sales_item
+operator+(const Sales_item& lhs, const Sales_item& rhs)
+{
+ Sales_item ret(lhs); // copy (|lhs|) into a local object that we'll return
+ ret += rhs; // add in the contents of (|rhs|)
+ return ret; // return (|ret|) by value
+}
+
+std::istream&
+operator>>(std::istream& in, Sales_item& s)
+{
+ double price;
+ in >> s.bookNo >> s.units_sold >> price;
+ // check that the inputs succeeded
+ if (in)
+ s.revenue = s.units_sold * price;
+ else
+ s = Sales_item(); // input failed: reset object to default state
+ return in;
+}
+
+std::ostream&
+operator<<(std::ostream& out, const Sales_item& s)
+{
+ out << s.isbn() << " " << s.units_sold << " "
+ << s.revenue << " " << s.avg_price();
+ return out;
+}
+
+double Sales_item::avg_price() const
+{
+ if (units_sold)
+ return revenue/units_sold;
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main()
+{
+ // prompt user to enter two numbers
+ std::cout << "Enter two numbers:" << std::endl;
+ int v1 = 0, v2 = 0;
+ std::cin >> v1 >> v2;
+ std::cout << "The sum of " << v1 << " and " << v2
+ << " is " << v1 + v2 << std::endl;
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include "Sales_item.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ Sales_item item1, item2;
+
+ std::cin >> item1 >> item2; //read a pair of transactions
+ std::cout << item1 + item2 << std::endl; //print their sum
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include "Sales_item.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ Sales_item item1, item2;
+
+ std::cin >> item1 >> item2;
+ // first check that item1 and item2 represent the same book
+ if (item1.isbn() == item2.isbn()) {
+ std::cout << item1 + item2 << std::endl;
+ return 0; // indicate success
+ } else {
+ std::cerr << "Data must refer to same ISBN"
+ << std::endl;
+ return -1; // indicate failure
+ }
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include "Sales_item.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ Sales_item total; // variable to hold data for the next transaction
+
+ // read the first transaction and ensure that there are data to process
+ if (std::cin >> total) {
+ Sales_item trans; // variable to hold the running sum
+ // read and process the remaining transactions
+ while (std::cin >> trans) {
+ // if we're still processing the same book
+ if (total.isbn() == trans.isbn())
+ total += trans; // update the running total
+ else {
+ // print results for the previous book
+ std::cout << total << std::endl;
+ total = trans; // total now refers to the next book
+ }
+ }
+ std::cout << total << std::endl; // print the last transaction
+ } else {
+ // no input! warn the user
+ std::cerr << "No data?!" << std::endl;
+ return -1; // indicate failure
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
--- /dev/null
+0-201-70353-X 4 24.99
+0-201-82470-1 4 45.39
+0-201-88954-4 2 15.00
+0-201-88954-4 5 12.00
+0-201-88954-4 7 12.00
+0-201-88954-4 2 12.00
+0-399-82477-1 2 45.39
+0-399-82477-1 3 45.39
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
--- /dev/null
+42 42 42 42 42 55 55 62 100 100 100
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+int main()
+{
+ int sum = 0;
+ for (int i = -100; i <= 100; ++i)
+ sum += i;
+ std::cout << sum << std::endl;
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main()
+{
+ int sum = 0;
+
+ // sum values from 1 through 10 inclusive
+ for (int val = 1; val <= 10; ++val)
+ sum += val; // equivalent to sum = sum + val
+ std::cout << "Sum of 1 to 10 inclusive is "
+ << sum << std::endl;
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include "Sales_item.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ Sales_item book;
+
+ // read ISBN, number of copies sold, and sales price
+ std::cin >> book;
+ // write ISBN, number of copies sold, total revenue, and average price
+ std::cout << book << std::endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+int main()
+{
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = add.exe add_item.exe add_item2.exe avg_price.exe \
+ for_ex.exe forcount.exe item_io.exe \
+ main_only.exe mysum.exe occurs.exe whilecount.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+add_item.exe add_item2.exe avg_price.exe item_io.exe: Sales_item.h
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main()
+{
+ int sum = 0, value = 0;
+
+ // read until end-of-file, calculating a running total of all values read
+ while (std::cin >> value)
+ sum += value; // equivalent to sum = sum + value
+
+ std::cout << "Sum is: " << sum << std::endl;
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main()
+{
+ // currVal is the number we're counting; we'll read new values into val
+ int currVal = 0, val = 0;
+
+ // read first number and ensure that we have data to process
+ if (std::cin >> currVal) {
+ int cnt = 1; // store the count for the current value we're processing
+ while (std::cin >> val) { // read the remaining numbers
+ if (val == currVal) // if the values are the same
+ ++cnt; // add 1 to cnt
+ else { // otherwise, print the count for the previous value
+ std::cout << currVal << " occurs "
+ << cnt << " times" << std::endl;
+ currVal = val; // remember the new value
+ cnt = 1; // reset the counter
+ }
+ } // while loop ends here
+ // remember to print the count for the last value in the file
+ std::cout << currVal << " occurs "
+ << cnt << " times" << std::endl;
+ } // outermost if statement ends here
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+echo "add:" && ./add < data/add
+echo "add_item:" && ./add_item < data/add_item
+echo "add_item2:" && ./add_item2 < data/add_item
+echo "avg_price:" && ./avg_price < data/book_sales
+echo "item_io:" && ./item_io < data/book_sales
+echo "occurs:" && ./occurs < data/occurs
+echo "mysum:" && ./mysum < data/mysum
+
+../noinput for_ex forcount main_only whilecount
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main()
+{
+ int sum = 0, val = 1;
+ // keep executing the while as long as val is less than or equal to 10
+ while (val <= 10) {
+ sum += val; // assigns sum + val to sum
+ ++val; // add 1 to val
+ }
+ std::cout << "Sum of 1 to 10 inclusive is "
+ << sum << std::endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ absInt absInt
+ accum accum
+ count-size elimDups
+ count-size bind2
+ count-size newcount-size
+ book_sales avg_price
+ book_sales sortSI
+ iostream_iter accum4
+ iostream_iter equiv-istream
+ iostream_iter iostream_iter
+ iostream_iter ostreamIter2
+ iostream_iter use-istream-iter
+ rcomma rcomma
+ reverse-iter reverse-iter
+ use_find use_find
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::inserter;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::for_each; using std::transform;
+
+int main() {
+ vector<int> vi;
+ int i;
+ while (cin >> i)
+ vi.push_back(i);
+ // pass a lambda to for_each to print each element in vi
+ for_each(vi.begin(), vi.end(), [](int i) { cout << i << " "; });
+ cout << endl;
+
+ vector<int> orig = vi; // save original data in vi
+
+ // replace negative values by their absolute value
+ transform(vi.begin(), vi.end(), vi.begin(),
+ [](int i) { return i < 0 ? -i : i; });
+ // print the elements now in vi
+ for_each(vi.begin(), vi.end(), [](int i) { cout << i << " "; });
+ cout << endl;
+
+ vi = orig; // start afresh
+ // use a lambda with a specified return type to transform vi
+ transform(vi.begin(), vi.end(), vi.begin(),
+ [](int i) -> int
+ { if (i < 0) return -i; else return i; });
+ // print the elements now in vi
+ for_each(vi.begin(), vi.end(), [](int i) { cout << i << " "; });
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::fill; using std::fill_n;
+
+#include <numeric>
+using std::accumulate;
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::back_inserter;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<int> vec(10); // default initialized to 0
+ fill(vec.begin(), vec.end(), 1); // reset each element to 1
+
+ // sum the elements in vec starting the summation with the value 0
+ int sum = accumulate(vec.cbegin(), vec.cend(), 0);
+ cout << sum << endl;
+
+ // set a subsequence of the container to 10
+ fill(vec.begin(), vec.begin() + vec.size()/2, 10);
+ cout << accumulate(vec.begin(), vec.end(), 0) << endl;
+
+ // reset the same subsequence to 0
+ fill_n(vec.begin(), vec.size()/2, 0);
+ cout << accumulate(vec.begin(), vec.end(), 0) << endl;
+
+ // create 10 elements on the end of vec each with the value 42
+ fill_n(back_inserter(vec), 10, 42);
+ cout << accumulate(vec.begin(), vec.end(), 0) << endl;
+
+ // concatenate elements in a vector of strings and store in sum
+ vector<string> v;
+ string s;
+ while (cin >> s)
+ v.push_back(s);
+ string concat = accumulate(v.cbegin(), v.cend(), string(""));
+ cout << concat << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <numeric>
+using std::accumulate;
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::istream_iterator;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ istream_iterator<int> in(cin), eof;
+ cout << accumulate(in, eof, 0) << endl;
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::istream_iterator; using std::ostream_iterator;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout;
+
+#include "Sales_item.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ // iterators that can read and write Sales_items
+ istream_iterator<Sales_item> item_iter(cin), eof;
+ ostream_iterator<Sales_item> out_iter(cout, "\n");
+
+ // store the first transaction in sum and read the next record
+ Sales_item sum = *item_iter++;
+
+ while (item_iter != eof) {
+ // if the current transaction (which is in item_iter)
+ // has the same ISBN
+ if (item_iter->isbn() == sum.isbn())
+ sum += *item_iter++; // add it to sum
+ // and read the next transaction
+ else {
+ out_iter = sum; // write the current sum
+ sum = *item_iter++; // read the next transaction
+ }
+ }
+ out_iter = sum; // remember to print the last set of records
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::for_each;
+
+#include <functional>
+using std::bind; using namespace std::placeholders;
+using std::ref;
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::istream_iterator;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::endl;
+using std::ostream;
+
+#include <fstream>
+using std::ifstream; using std::ofstream;
+
+ostream &print(ostream &os, const string &s, char c)
+{
+ return os << s << c;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ string s;
+ vector<string> words;
+ while (cin >> s)
+ words.push_back(s);
+
+ for_each(words.begin(), words.end(),
+ bind(print, ref(cout), _1, ' '));
+ cout << endl;
+
+ ofstream os("data/outFile1");
+ for_each(words.begin(), words.end(),
+ bind(print, ref(os), _1, ' '));
+ os << endl;
+
+ ifstream is("data/outFile1");
+ istream_iterator<string> in(is), eof;
+ for_each(in, eof, bind(print, ref(cout), _1, '\n'));
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+-42
+65
+-95
+100
+39
+-67
+95
+76
+-88
+76
+83
+92
+76
+-93
+0
--- /dev/null
+now is the time for all good fellows to come to the aid of the party
--- /dev/null
+0-201-70353-X 4 24.99
+0-201-82470-1 4 45.39
+0-201-88954-4 2 15.00
+0-201-88954-4 5 12.00
+0-201-88954-4 7 12.00
+0-201-88954-4 2 12.00
+0-399-82477-1 2 45.39
+0-399-82477-1 3 45.39
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
--- /dev/null
+the quick red fox jumps over the slow red turtle
--- /dev/null
+23 109 45 89 6 34 12 90 34 23 56 23 8 89 23
--- /dev/null
+the quick red fox jumps over the slow red turtle \r
--- /dev/null
+6 8 12 23 23 23 23 34 34 45 56 89 89 90 109 \r
--- /dev/null
+FIRST,MIDDLE,LAST
--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ SI_data arrow
+ absInt absInt
+ count-size bind
+ count-size bind2
+ count-size newcount-size
+ book_sales avg_price
+ iostream_iter accum4
+ iostream_iter equiv-istream
+ iostream_iter iostream_iter
+ iostream_iter ostreamIter2
+ iostream_iter use-istream-iter
+ parms parms
+ readme readStr
+ reverse-iter reverse-iter
+ use_find use_find
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+42
+47
+83
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::sort; using std::for_each;
+
+#include <functional>
+using std::bind;
+using namespace std::placeholders;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+// comparison function to be used to sort by word length
+bool isShorter(const string &s1, const string &s2)
+{
+ return s1.size() < s2.size();
+}
+
+bool LT(const string &s1, const string &s2)
+{
+ return s1 < s2;
+}
+
+void print(const vector<string> &words)
+{
+ for_each(words.begin(), words.end(),
+ [](const string &s) { cout << s << " "; });
+ cout << endl;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<string> words;
+
+ // copy contents of each book into a single vector
+ string next_word;
+ while (cin >> next_word) {
+ // insert next book's contents at end of words
+ words.push_back(next_word);
+ }
+ print(words);
+
+ vector<string> cpy = words; // save the original data
+
+ // uses string < to compare elements
+ // sort and print the vector
+ sort(words.begin(), words.end());
+
+ words = cpy; // return to the original data
+ // uses the LT function to compare elements
+ // should have the same output as the previous sort
+ sort(words.begin(), words.end(), LT);
+ print(words);
+
+ words = cpy; // return to the original data
+
+ // eliminate duplicates
+ sort(words.begin(), words.end());
+ auto it = unique(words.begin(), words.end());
+ words.erase(it, words.end());
+
+ // sort by length using a function
+ stable_sort(words.begin(), words.end(), isShorter);
+ print(words);
+
+ words = cpy; // return to the original data
+ // sort the original input on word length, shortest to longest
+ sort(words.begin(), words.end(), isShorter);
+ print(words);
+
+ // use bind to invert isShorter to sort longest to shortest
+ sort(words.begin(), words.end(), bind(isShorter, _2, _1));
+ print(words);
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::equal;
+
+#include <list>
+using std::list;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ list<const char *> roster1;
+ vector<string> roster2;
+ roster2 = {"hello", "so long", "tata"};
+ roster1 = {"hello", "so long"};
+
+ auto b =
+ // roster2 should have at least as many elements as roster1
+ equal(roster1.cbegin(), roster1.cend(), roster2.cbegin());
+
+ (b) ? cout << "true" : cout << "false";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::istream_iterator;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main() {
+ // use istream_iterator to initialize a vector
+ istream_iterator<int> in_iter(cin), eof;
+ vector<int> vec(in_iter, eof);
+
+ for (auto it : vec)
+ cout << it << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::copy;
+
+#include <list>
+using std::list;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::inserter; using std::front_inserter;
+
+void print(const string &label, const list<int> &lst)
+{
+ cout << label << endl;
+ for (auto iter : lst)
+ cout << iter << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+
+ list<int> lst = {1,2,3,4};
+ print("lst", lst);
+
+ // after copy completes, lst2 contains 4 3 2 1
+ list<int> lst2, lst3; // empty lists
+ copy(lst.cbegin(), lst.cend(), front_inserter(lst2));
+
+ // after copy completes, lst3 contains 1 2 3 4
+ copy(lst.cbegin(), lst.cend(), inserter(lst3, lst3.begin()));
+
+ print("lst2", lst2);
+ print("lst3", lst3);
+
+ vector<int> v = {1,2,3,4,5};
+ list<int> new_lst = {6,7,8,9};
+ auto it = new_lst.begin();
+ copy(v.begin(), v.end(), inserter(new_lst, it));
+ print("new_lst", new_lst);
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::copy; using std::sort; using std::unique_copy;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::istream_iterator; using std::ostream_iterator;
+
+#include <fstream>
+using std::ofstream;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ istream_iterator<int> int_it(cin); // reads ints from cin
+ istream_iterator<int> int_eof; // end iterator value
+ vector<int> v(int_it, int_eof); // initialize v by reading cin
+
+ sort(v.begin(), v.end());
+ ostream_iterator<int> out(cout, " "); // write ints to cout
+ unique_copy(v.begin(), v.end(), out); // write unique elements to cout
+ cout << endl; // write a newline after the output
+ ofstream out_file("data/outFile2"); // writes int to named file
+ ostream_iterator<int> out_iter(out_file, " ");
+ copy(v.begin(), v.end(), out_iter);
+ out_file << endl; // write a newline at end of the file
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl; using std::vector; using std::string;
+
+// five functions illustrating different aspects of lambda expressions
+void fcn1()
+{
+ size_t v1 = 42; // local variable
+ // copies v1 into the callable object named f
+ auto f = [v1] { return v1; };
+ v1 = 0;
+ auto j = f(); // j is 42; f stored a copy of v1 when we created it
+ cout << j << endl;
+}
+
+void fcn2()
+{
+ size_t v1 = 42; // local variable
+ // the object f2 contains a reference to v1
+ auto f2 = [&v1] { return v1; };
+ v1 = 0;
+ auto j = f2(); // j is 0; f2 refers to v1; it doesn't store it
+ cout << j << endl;
+}
+
+void fcn3()
+{
+ size_t v1 = 42; // local variable
+ // f can change the value of the variables it captures
+ auto f = [v1] () mutable { return ++v1; };
+ v1 = 0;
+ auto j = f(); // j is 43
+ cout << j << endl;
+}
+
+void fcn4()
+{
+ size_t v1 = 42; // local variable
+ // v1 is a reference to a nonconst variable
+ // we can change that variable through the reference inside f2
+ auto f2 = [&v1] { return ++v1; };
+ v1 = 0;
+ auto j = f2(); // j is 1
+ cout << j << endl;
+}
+
+void fcn5()
+{
+ size_t v1 = 42;
+ // p is a const pointer to v1
+ size_t* const p = &v1;
+ // increments v1, the objet to which p points
+ auto f = [p]() { return ++*p; };
+ auto j = f(); // returns incremented value of *p
+ cout << v1 << " " << j << endl; // prints 43 43
+ v1 = 0;
+ j = f(); // returns incremented value of *p
+ cout << v1 << " " << j << endl; // prints 1 1
+}
+
+
+int main()
+{
+ fcn1();
+ fcn2();
+ fcn3();
+ fcn4();
+ fcn5();
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = absInt.exe accum.exe accum4.exe \
+ avg_price.exe bind2.exe elimDups.exe equal.exe \
+ equiv-istream-iter.exe inserters.exe \
+ iostream_iter.exe lambda.exe newcount-size.exe \
+ ostreamIter2.exe rcomma.exe \
+ reverse.exe reverse-iter.exe rev-iters.exe \
+ sortSI.exe use_find.exe use-istream-iter.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+LOCFLAGS = -I../1 -I../6
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::find_if; using std::for_each;
+using std::sort; using std::stable_sort;
+using std::unique;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <fstream>
+using std::ifstream;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <functional>
+using std::bind;
+using std::placeholders::_1;
+using namespace std::placeholders;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include "make_plural.h"
+
+// comparison function to be used to sort by word length
+bool isShorter(const string &s1, const string &s2)
+{
+ return s1.size() < s2.size();
+}
+
+// determine whether a length of a given word is 6 or more
+bool GT(const string &s, string::size_type m)
+{
+ return s.size() >= m;
+}
+
+void elimDups(vector<string> &words)
+{
+ // sort words alphabetically so we can find the duplicates
+ sort(words.begin(), words.end());
+ for_each(words.begin(), words.end(),
+ [](const string &s) { cout << s << " "; });
+ cout << endl;
+
+
+ // unique reorders the input so that each word appears once in the
+ // front part of the range
+ // returns an iterator one past the unique range
+ auto end_unique = unique(words.begin(), words.end());
+ for_each(words.begin(), words.end(),
+ [](const string &s) { cout << s << " "; });
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // erase uses a vector operation to remove the nonunique elements
+ words.erase(end_unique, words.end());
+ for_each(words.begin(), words.end(),
+ [](const string &s) { cout << s << " "; });
+ cout << endl;
+}
+
+void
+biggies(vector<string> &words, vector<string>::size_type sz)
+{
+ elimDups(words); // put words in alphabetical order and remove duplicates
+ // sort words by size, but maintain alphabetical order for words of the same size
+ stable_sort(words.begin(), words.end(),
+ [](const string &a, const string &b)
+ { return a.size() < b.size();});
+
+ // get an iterator to the first element whose size() is >= sz
+ auto wc = find_if(words.begin(), words.end(),
+ [sz](const string &a)
+ { return a.size() >= sz; });
+
+ // compute the number of elements with size >= sz
+ auto count = words.end() - wc;
+ cout << count << " " << make_plural(count, "word", "s")
+ << " of length " << sz << " or longer" << endl;
+
+ // print words of the given size or longer, each one followed by a space
+ for_each(wc, words.end(),
+ [](const string &s){cout << s << " ";});
+ cout << endl;
+}
+
+bool check_size(const string &s, string::size_type sz)
+{
+ return s.size() >= sz;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<string> words;
+
+ // copy contents of each book into a single vector
+ string next_word;
+ while (cin >> next_word) {
+ // insert next book's contents at end of words
+ words.push_back(next_word);
+ }
+
+ biggies(words, 5); // biggies changes its first argument
+
+ // alternative solution using bind and check_size function
+ // NB: words was changed inside biggies,
+ // at this point in the program words has only unique
+ // words and is in order by size
+ size_t sz = 5;
+ auto
+ wc = find_if(words.begin(), words.end(),
+ bind(check_size, std::placeholders::_1, sz));
+ auto count = words.end() - wc;
+ cout << count << " " << make_plural(count, "word", "s")
+ << " of length " << sz << " or longer" << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::istream_iterator; using std::ostream_iterator;
+
+#include<vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include<iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main() {
+ vector<int> vec;
+ istream_iterator<int> in_iter(cin); // read ints from cin
+ istream_iterator<int> eof; // istream ``end'' iterator
+
+ while (in_iter != eof)
+ vec.push_back(*in_iter++);
+ ostream_iterator<int> out_iter(cout, " ");
+
+ for (auto e : vec)
+ out_iter = e; // the assignment writes this element to cout
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::find;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ string line;
+ getline(cin, line);
+
+ // find the first element in a comma-separated list
+ auto comma = find(line.cbegin(), line.cend(), ',');
+ cout << string(line.cbegin(), comma) << endl;
+
+ // find the last element in a comma-separated list
+ auto rcomma = find(line.crbegin(), line.crend(), ',');
+
+ // WRONG: will generate the word in reverse order
+ cout << string(line.crbegin(), rcomma) << endl;
+
+ // ok: get a forward iterator and read to the end of line
+ cout << string(rcomma.base(), line.cend()) << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include<iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<int> vec = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+ // reverse iterator of vector from back to front
+ for (auto r_iter = vec.crbegin(); // binds r_iter to the last element
+ r_iter != vec.crend(); // one before first element
+ ++r_iter) // decrements the iterator one element
+ cout << *r_iter << endl; // prints 9, 8, 7, . . . 0
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::copy; using std::sort;
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::istream_iterator; using std::ostream_iterator;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<int> vec;
+ istream_iterator<int> in(cin), eof;
+ copy (in, eof, back_inserter(vec));
+
+ sort(vec.begin(), vec.end()); // sorts vec in ``normal'' order
+ vector<int> vec2(vec); // vec2 is a copy of vec
+
+ // sorts in reverse: puts the smallest element at the end of vec
+ sort(vec.rbegin(), vec.rend());
+
+ // prints vec
+ ostream_iterator<int> out(cout, " ");
+ copy(vec.begin(), vec.end(), out); // reverse sort
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // prints vec2
+ copy(vec2.begin(), vec2.end(), out); // forward sort
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // it refers to the first element in vec
+ auto it = vec.begin();
+
+ // rev_it refers one before the first element in vec
+ vector<int>::reverse_iterator rev_it(it);
+ cout << *(rev_it.base()) << endl; // prints first element in vec
+
+ // ways to print value at beginning of vec through it and rev_it
+ cout << *it << endl;
+ cout << *(rev_it.base()) << endl;
+ cout << *(rev_it - 1) << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::find; using std::find_if; using std::for_each;
+using std::remove_copy_if; using std::reverse_copy;
+using std::reverse;
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::back_inserter;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<int> v1 = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+ vector<int> v2;
+ vector<int> v3 = v1;
+
+ find(v1.begin(), v1.end(), 42); // find first element equal to 42
+ find_if(v1.begin(), v1.end(), // find first odd element
+ [](int i) { return i % 2; });
+
+ // puts elements in v1 into reverse order
+ reverse(v1.begin(), v1.end());
+ v1 = v3; // restore original data
+
+ // copies elements from v1 into v2 in reverse order; v1 is unchanged
+ reverse_copy(v1.begin(), v1.end(), back_inserter(v2));
+
+ for (auto i : v1)
+ cout << i << " "; // prints 0 1 2 . . . 8 9
+ cout << endl;
+ for (auto i : v2)
+ cout << i << " "; // prints 9 8 7 . . . 1 0
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // removes the odd elements from v1
+ auto it = remove_if(v1.begin(), v1.end(),
+ [](int i) { return i % 2; });
+ // prints 0 2 4 6 8
+ for_each(v1.begin(), it, [](int i) { cout << i << " "; });
+ cout << endl;
+
+ v1 = v3; // restore original data
+ v2.clear(); // make v2 empty again
+
+ // copies only the even elements from v1 into v2; v1 is unchanged
+ remove_copy_if(v1.begin(), v1.end(), back_inserter(v2),
+ [](int i) { return i % 2; });
+ for (auto i : v2)
+ cout << i << " "; // prints 0 2 4 6 8
+ cout << endl;
+ for (auto i : v1) // prints 0 1 2 . . . 8 9
+ cout << i << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+echo "absInt:" && ./absInt.exe < data/absInt
+echo "accum:" && ./accum.exe < data/accum
+echo "accum4:" && ./accum4.exe < data/iostream_iter
+echo "avg_price:" && ./avg_price.exe < data/book_sales
+echo "bind2:" && ./bind2.exe < data/count-size
+echo "elimDups: " && ./elimDups < data/count-size
+echo "equiv-istream-iter:" && ./equiv-istream-iter.exe < data/iostream_iter
+echo "iostream_iter:" && ./iostream_iter.exe < data/iostream_iter
+echo "newcount-size:" && ./newcount-size.exe < data/count-size
+echo "ostreamIter2:" && ./ostreamIter2.exe < data/iostream_iter
+echo "rcomma:" && ./rcomma.exe < data/rcomma
+echo "reverse-iter:" && ./reverse-iter.exe < data/reverse-iter
+echo "sortSI:" && ./sortSI.exe < data/book_sales
+echo "use_find:" && ./use_find.exe < data/use_find
+echo "use-istream-iter:" && ./use-istream-iter.exe < data/iostream_iter
+
+../noinput equal.exe inserters.exe lambda.exe reverse.exe \
+ rev-iters.exe
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::sort;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::endl;
+
+#include "Sales_item.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ Sales_item trans;
+ vector<Sales_item> file;
+
+ while (std::cin >> trans) // read the transations
+ file.push_back(trans);
+
+ for (auto i : file) // print what was read
+ cout << i << endl;
+ cout << "\n\n";
+
+ sort(file.begin(), file.end(), compareIsbn); // sort into ISBN order
+ for (auto i : file) // print in ISBN order
+ cout << i << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::copy;
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::istream_iterator; using std::ostream_iterator;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main() {
+ vector<int> vec;
+ istream_iterator<int> in_iter(cin); // read ints from cin
+ istream_iterator<int> eof; // istream ``end'' iterator
+
+ // use in_iter to read cin storing what we read in vec
+ while (in_iter != eof) // while there's valid input to read
+ // postfix increment reads the stream and
+ // returns the old value of the iterator
+ // we dereference that iterator to get
+ // the previous value read from the stream
+ vec.push_back(*in_iter++);
+
+ // use an ostream_iterator to print the contents of vec
+ ostream_iterator<int> out_iter(cout, " ");
+ copy(vec.begin(), vec.end(), out_iter);
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // alternative way to print contents of vec
+ for (auto e : vec)
+ *out_iter++ = e; // the assignment writes this element to cout
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::find;
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::begin; using std::end;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <list>
+using std::list;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ int ia[] = {27, 210, 12, 47, 109, 83};
+ int val = 83;
+ int* result = find(begin(ia), end(ia), val);
+ cout << "The value " << val
+ << (result == end(ia)
+ ? " is not present" : " is present") << endl;
+
+ // search starting from ia[1] up to but not including ia[4]
+ result = find(ia + 1, ia + 4, val);
+
+ // initialize the vector with some values
+ vector<int> vec = {27, 210, 12, 47, 109, 83};
+ val = 42; // value we'll look for
+
+ // result2 will denote the element we want if it's in vec,
+ // or vec.cend() if not
+ auto result2 = find(vec.cbegin(), vec.cend(), val);
+
+ // report the result
+ cout << "The value " << val
+ << (result2 == vec.cend()
+ ? " is not present" : " is present") << endl;
+
+ // now use find to look in a list of strings
+ list<string> lst = {"val1", "val2", "val3"};
+
+ string sval = "a value"; // value we'll look for
+ // this call to find looks through string elements in a list
+ auto result3 = find(lst.cbegin(), lst.cend(), sval);
+ cout << "The value " << sval
+ << (result3 == lst.cend()
+ ? " is not present" : " is present") << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ storyDatafile wcEx
+ storyDatafile erasemap
+ storyDatafile pair
+ storyDatafile word_count
+ word_count restricted_count
+ word_count unorderedWord_count
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+brb be right back
+k okay?
+y why
+r are
+u you
+pic picture
+thk thanks!
+l8r later
--- /dev/null
+data
+compiler
--- /dev/null
+Alice Emma has long flowing red hair.
+Her Daddy says when the wind blows
+through her hair, it looks almost alive,
+like a fiery bird in flight.
+A beautiful fiery bird, he tells her,
+magical but untamed.
+"Daddy, shush, there is no such thing,"
+she tells him, at the same time wanting
+him to tell her more.
+Shyly, she asks, "I mean, Daddy, is there?"
--- /dev/null
+where r u
+y dont u send me a pic
+k thk l8r
--- /dev/null
+Although most programmers are familiar with data structures
+such as vectors and lists, many have never used an
+associative data structure.
+Before we look at the details of how the library supports
+these types, it will be helpful to start with
+examples of how we can use
+these containers.
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <map>
+using std::map;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ map<string, size_t> word_count; // empty map from string to size_t
+ string word;
+ while (cin >> word)
+ ++word_count[word];
+
+ string removal_word = "the";
+
+ // two ways to remove an entry from a map
+ // 1. by key
+ // erase on a key returns the number of elements removed
+ if (word_count.erase(removal_word))
+ cout << "ok: " << removal_word << " removed\n";
+ else cout << "oops: " << removal_word << " not found!\n";
+
+ // 2. by removing an iterator to the element we want removed
+ removal_word = "The"; // strings are case sensitive
+ map<string,size_t>::iterator where;
+ where = word_count.find(removal_word); // should be gone
+
+ if (where == word_count.end())
+ cout << "oops: " << removal_word << " not found!\n";
+ else {
+ word_count.erase(where); // erase iterator returns void
+ cout << "ok: " << removal_word << " removed!\n";
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = erasemap.exe map1.exe \
+ multimap.exe pair.exe \
+ restricted_count.exe setOps.exe \
+ unorderedWordCount.exe wcEx.exe \
+ word_count.exe word_transform.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+# directory 7 has Sales_data code, 6 has make_plural function
+LOCFLAGS = -I../7 -I../6
+
+map1.exe: map1.o ../7/Sales_data.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) map1.o ../7/Sales_data.o -o map1.exe
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <set>
+using std::multiset;
+
+#include <map>
+using std::map;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <utility>
+using std::pair;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+#include "make_plural.h"
+
+// SDComp points to a function that compares two Sales_data objects
+typedef bool(*SDComp)(const Sales_data&, const Sales_data&);
+
+// bookstore can have several transactions with the same ISBN
+// elements in bookstore will be in ISBN order
+multiset<Sales_data, decltype(compareIsbn)*>
+ bookstore(compareIsbn);
+
+// alternative way to declare bookstore using a lambda
+multiset<Sales_data, SDComp>
+ bookstore2([](const Sales_data &l, const Sales_data &r)
+ { return l.isbn() < r.isbn(); });
+
+int main()
+{
+ map <string, size_t> word_count; // empty map
+
+ // insert a value-initialized element with key Anna;
+ // assign 1 to the value of that element
+ word_count["Anna"] = 1;
+
+ // fetch the element indexed by Anna; prints 1
+ cout << word_count["Anna"] << endl;
+
+ ++word_count["Anna"]; // fetch the element and add 1 to it
+ cout << word_count["Anna"] << endl; // prints 2
+
+ // various ways to add word to word_count
+ string word;
+ word_count.insert({word, 1});
+ word_count.insert(make_pair(word, 1));
+ word_count.insert(pair<string, size_t>(word, 1));
+ word_count.insert(map<string, size_t>::value_type(word, 1));
+
+ typedef map<string,size_t>::value_type valType;
+ word_count.insert(valType(word, 1));
+
+ // use value returned by insert
+ pair<map<string, size_t>::iterator, bool> insert_ret;
+
+ // if Anna not already in word_count, insert it with value 1
+ insert_ret = word_count.insert({"Anna", 1});
+
+ if (insert_ret.second == false) // Anna was already in the map
+ insert_ret.first->second++; // increment current value
+ cout << word_count["Anna"] << endl;
+
+ // get an iterator to an element in word_count
+ auto map_it = word_count.begin();
+
+ // *map_it is a reference to a pair<const string, size_t> object
+ cout << map_it->first; // prints the key for this element
+ cout << " " << map_it->second; // prints the value of the element
+ ++map_it->second; // ok: we can change the value through an iterator
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <map>
+using std::multimap;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <utility>
+using std::pair;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // map from author to title; there can be multiple titles per author
+ multimap<string, string> authors;
+ // add data to authors
+ authors.insert({"Alain de Botton", "On Love"});
+ authors.insert({"Alain de Botton", "Status Anxiety"});
+ authors.insert({"Alain de Botton", "Art of Travel"});
+ authors.insert({"Alain de Botton",
+ "Architecture of Happiness"});
+
+ string search_item("Alain de Botton"); // author we'll look for
+ auto entries = authors.count(search_item); // number of elements
+ auto iter = authors.find(search_item); // first entry for this author
+
+ // loop through the number of entries there are for this author
+ while(entries) {
+ cout << iter->second << endl; // print each title
+ ++iter; // advance to the next title
+ --entries; // keep track of how many we've printed
+ }
+
+ // definitions of authors and search_item as above
+ // beg and end denote the range of elements for this author
+ for (auto beg = authors.lower_bound(search_item),
+ end = authors.upper_bound(search_item);
+ beg != end; ++beg)
+ cout << beg->second << endl; // print each title
+
+ // definitions of authors and search_item as above
+ // pos holds iterators that denote the range of elements for this key
+ for (auto pos = authors.equal_range(search_item);
+ pos.first != pos.second; ++pos.first)
+ cout << pos.first->second << endl; // print each title
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <list>
+using std::list;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::sort;
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::istream_iterator; using std::ostream_iterator;
+
+#include <utility>
+using std::pair; using std::make_pair;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+
+pair<string, string> anon; // holds two strings
+pair<string, size_t> word_count; // holds a string and an size_t
+pair<string, vector<int>> line; // holds string and vector<int>
+
+// list initialize the members in a pair
+pair<string, string> author{"James", "Joyce"};
+
+// ways to initialize a pair
+typedef pair<string, string> Author;
+Author proust("Marcel", "Proust"); // construct a pair
+Author joyce{"James", "Joyce"}; // list initialize a pair
+Author austen = make_pair("Jane", "Austen"); // use make_pair
+
+void preliminaries(vector<string> &v)
+{
+ // process v
+ istream_iterator<string> input(cin), eof;
+ copy(input, eof, back_inserter(v));
+ sort(v.begin(), v.end(),
+ [](const string &a, const string &b)
+ { return a.size() < b.size(); });
+}
+
+// three different ways to return a pair
+// 1. list initialize the return value
+pair<string, int>
+process(vector<string> &v)
+{
+ if (!v.empty())
+ return {v.back(), v.back().size()}; // list initialize
+ else
+ return pair<string, int>(); // explicitly constructed return value
+}
+
+// 2. use make_pair to generate the return value
+pair<string, int>
+process2(vector<string> &v)
+{
+ // process v
+ if (!v.empty())
+ return make_pair(v.back(), v.back().size());
+ else
+ return pair<string, int>();
+}
+
+// 3. explicitly construct the return value
+pair<string, int>
+process3(vector<string> &v)
+{
+ // process v
+ if (!v.empty())
+ return pair<string, int>(v.back(), v.back().size());
+ else
+ return pair<string, int>();
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<string> v;
+ string s;
+ while (cin >> s)
+ v.push_back(s);
+
+ preliminaries(v); // sort v into size order
+
+ // all three output statements should be the same
+ auto biggest = process(v);
+ cout << biggest.first << " " << biggest.second << endl;
+ biggest = process2(v);
+ cout << biggest.first << " " << biggest.second << endl;
+ biggest = process3(v);
+ cout << biggest.first << " " << biggest.second << endl;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <map>
+using std::map;
+
+#include <set>
+using std::set;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // count the number of times each word occurs in the input
+ map<string, size_t> word_count; // empty map from string to size_t
+ set<string> exclude = {"The", "But", "And", "Or", "An", "A",
+ "the", "but", "and", "or", "an", "a"};
+ string word;
+ while (cin >> word)
+ // count only words that are not in exclude
+ if (exclude.find(word) == exclude.end())
+ ++word_count[word]; // fetch and increment the counter for word
+
+ for (const auto &w : word_count) // for each element in the map
+ // print the results
+ cout << w.first << " occurs " << w.second
+ << ((w.second > 1) ? " times" : " time") << endl;
+
+return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+echo "wcEx:" && ./wcEx.exe < data/storyDataFile
+echo "erasemap:" && ./erasemap.exe < data/storyDataFile
+echo "restricted_count:" && ./restricted_count.exe < data/word_count
+echo "unorderedWordCount:" && ./unorderedWordCount.exe < data/word_count
+echo "word_count:" && ./word_count.exe < data/storyDataFile
+echo "pair:" && ./pair.exe < data/storyDataFile
+echo "word_transform:" && ./word_transform.exe data/rules data/text
+
+../noinput map1.exe multimap.exe setOps.exe
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <set>
+using std::set; using std::multiset;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // define a vector with 20 elements,
+ // holding two copies of each number from 0 to 9
+ vector<int> ivec;
+ for (vector<int>::size_type i = 0; i != 10; ++i) {
+ ivec.push_back(i);
+ ivec.push_back(i); // duplicate copies of each number
+ }
+
+ // iset holds unique elements from ivec; miset holds all 20 elements
+ set<int> iset(ivec.cbegin(), ivec.cend());
+ multiset<int> miset(ivec.cbegin(), ivec.cend());
+
+ cout << ivec.size() << endl; // prints 20
+ cout << iset.size() << endl; // prints 10
+ cout << miset.size() << endl; // prints 20
+
+ // returns an iterator that refers to the element with key == 1
+ iset.find(1);
+ iset.find(11); // returns the iterator == iset.end()
+ iset.count(1); // returns 1
+ iset.count(11); // returns 0
+
+ // returns an iterator to the first element with key == 1
+ iset.find(1);
+ iset.find(11); // returns the iterator == iset.end()
+ miset.count(1); // returns 2
+ miset.count(11); // returns 0
+
+ set<string> set1; // empty set
+ set1.insert("the"); // set1 now has one element
+ set1.insert("and"); // set1 now has two elements
+
+ ivec = {2,4,6,8,2,4,6,8}; // ivec now has eight elements
+ set<int> set2; // empty set
+ set2.insert(ivec.cbegin(), ivec.cend()); // set2 has four elements
+ set2.insert({1,3,5,7,1,3,5,7}); // set2 now has eight elements
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <unordered_map>
+using std::unordered_map;
+
+#include <unordered_set>
+using std::unordered_set; using std::unordered_multiset;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+using std::hash;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+
+// unordered_map version of the word count program
+int main()
+{
+ // count occurrences, but the words won't be in alphabetical order
+ unordered_map<string, size_t> word_count;
+ string word;
+ while (cin >> word)
+ ++word_count[word]; // fetch and increment the counter for word
+
+ for (const auto &w : word_count) // for each element in the map
+ // print the results
+ cout << w.first << " occurs " << w.second
+ << ((w.second > 1) ? " times" : " time") << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+// how to override default hash and equality operator on key_type
+size_t hasher(const Sales_data &sd)
+{
+ return hash<string>()(sd.isbn());
+}
+bool eqOp(const Sales_data &lhs, const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ return lhs.isbn() == rhs.isbn();
+}
+
+// type alias using our functions in place of hash<key_type> and ==
+using SD_multiset = unordered_multiset<Sales_data,
+ decltype(hasher)*, decltype(eqOp)*>;
+
+// bookstore can hold multiple Sales_data with the same ISBN
+// arguments are the bucket size
+// and pointers to the hash function and equality operator
+SD_multiset bookstore(42, hasher, eqOp);
+
+// how to override just the hash function;
+// Foo must have ==
+struct Foo { string s; };
+
+// we'll see how to define our own operators in chapter 14
+bool operator==(const Foo& l, const Foo&r) { return l.s == r.s; }
+
+size_t FooHash(const Foo& f) { return hash<string>()(f.s); }
+
+// use FooHash to generate the hash code; Foo must have an == operator
+unordered_set<Foo, decltype(FooHash)*> fooSet(10, FooHash);
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <map>
+using std::map;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // count number of times each word occurs in the input
+ map<string, size_t> word_count; // empty map from string to size_t
+ string word;
+ while (cin >> word)
+ ++word_count.insert({word, 0}).first->second;
+
+ for(auto it = word_count.cbegin(); it != word_count.cend(); ++it) {
+ auto w = *it;
+ cout << w.first << " occurs " << w.second << " times" << endl;
+ }
+
+ // get iterator positioned on the first element
+ auto map_it = word_count.cbegin();
+ // for each element in the map
+ while (map_it != word_count.cend()) {
+ // print the element key, value pairs
+ cout << map_it->first << " occurs "
+ << map_it->second << " times" << endl;
+ ++map_it; // increment iterator to denote the next element
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <map>
+using std::map;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <utility>
+using std::pair;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // count the number of times each word occurs in the input
+ map<string, size_t> word_count; // empty map from string to size_t
+ string word;
+ while (cin >> word)
+ ++word_count[word];
+
+ for (const auto &w : word_count)
+ cout << w.first << " occurs " << w.second << " times" << endl;
+
+ // get an iterator positioned on the first element
+ auto map_it = word_count.cbegin();
+ // compare the current iterator to the off-the-end iterator
+ while (map_it != word_count.cend()) {
+ // dereference the iterator to print the element key--value pairs
+ cout << map_it->first << " occurs "
+ << map_it->second << " times" << endl;
+ ++map_it; // increment the iterator to denote the next element
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <map>
+#include <vector>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <string>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <sstream>
+
+using std::map; using std::string; using std::vector;
+using std::ifstream; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+using std::getline;
+using std::runtime_error; using std::istringstream;
+
+map<string, string> buildMap(ifstream &map_file)
+{
+ map<string, string> trans_map; // holds the transformations
+ string key; // a word to transform
+ string value; // phrase to use instead
+ // read the first word into key and the rest of the line into value
+ while (map_file >> key && getline(map_file, value))
+ if (value.size() > 1) // check that there is a transformation
+ trans_map[key] = value.substr(1); // skip leading space
+ else
+ throw runtime_error("no rule for " + key);
+ return trans_map;
+}
+
+const string &
+transform(const string &s, const map<string, string> &m)
+{
+ // the actual map work; this part is the heart of the program
+ auto map_it = m.find(s);
+ // if this word is in the transformation map
+ if (map_it != m.cend())
+ return map_it->second; // use the replacement word
+ else
+ return s; // otherwise return the original unchanged
+}
+
+// first argument is the transformations file;
+// second is file to transform
+void word_transform(ifstream &map_file, ifstream &input)
+{
+ auto trans_map = buildMap(map_file); // store the transformations
+
+ // for debugging purposes print the map after its built
+ cout << "Here is our transformation map: \n\n";
+ for (auto entry : trans_map)
+ cout << "key: " << entry.first
+ << "\tvalue: " << entry.second << endl;
+ cout << "\n\n";
+
+ // do the transformation of the given text
+ string text; // hold each line from the input
+ while (getline(input, text)) { // read a line of input
+ istringstream stream(text); // read each word
+ string word;
+ bool firstword = true; // controls whether a space is printed
+ while (stream >> word) {
+ if (firstword)
+ firstword = false;
+ else
+ cout << " "; // print a space between words
+ // transform returns its first argument or its transformation
+ cout << transform(word, trans_map); // print the output
+ }
+ cout << endl; // done with this line of input
+ }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ // open and check both files
+ if (argc != 3)
+ throw runtime_error("wrong number of arguments");
+
+ ifstream map_file(argv[1]); // open transformation file
+ if (!map_file) // check that open succeeded
+ throw runtime_error("no transformation file");
+
+ ifstream input(argv[2]); // open file of text to transform
+ if (!input) // check that open succeeded
+ throw runtime_error("no input file");
+
+ word_transform(map_file, input);
+
+ return 0; // exiting main will automatically close the files
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef FOO_H
+#define FOO_H
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+typedef int T;
+struct Foo { // members are public by default
+ Foo(T t): val(t) { }
+ T val;
+};
+
+std::ostream&
+print(std::ostream &os, const Foo &f)
+{
+ os << f.val;
+ return os;
+}
+
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef QUERYRESULT_H
+#define QUERYRESULT_H
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <set>
+#include <iostream>
+
+class QueryResult {
+friend std::ostream& print(std::ostream&, const QueryResult&);
+public:
+ typedef std::vector<std::string>::size_type line_no;
+ typedef std::set<line_no>::const_iterator line_it;
+ QueryResult(std::string s,
+ std::shared_ptr<std::set<line_no>> p,
+ std::shared_ptr<std::vector<std::string>> f):
+ sought(s), lines(p), file(f) { }
+ std::set<line_no>::size_type size() const { return lines->size(); }
+ line_it begin() const { return lines->cbegin(); }
+ line_it end() const { return lines->cend(); }
+ std::shared_ptr<std::vector<std::string>> get_file() { return file; }
+private:
+ std::string sought; // word this query represents
+ std::shared_ptr<std::set<line_no>> lines; // lines it's on
+ std::shared_ptr<std::vector<std::string>> file; //input file
+};
+
+std::ostream &print(std::ostream&, const QueryResult&);
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ storyDatafile usealloc
+ storyDatafile querymain
+ Alice querymain
+ alloc allocPtr
+ alloc allocSP
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced. Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef STRBLOB_H
+#define STRBLOB_H
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+#include <initializer_list>
+#include <memory>
+#include <stdexcept>
+
+// forward declaration needed for friend declaration in StrBlob
+class StrBlobPtr;
+
+class StrBlob {
+ friend class StrBlobPtr;
+public:
+ typedef std::vector<std::string>::size_type size_type;
+
+ // constructors
+ StrBlob() : data(std::make_shared<std::vector<std::string>>()) { }
+ StrBlob(std::initializer_list<std::string> il);
+
+ // size operations
+ size_type size() const { return data->size(); }
+ bool empty() const { return data->empty(); }
+
+ // add and remove elements
+ void push_back(const std::string &t) { data->push_back(t); }
+ void pop_back();
+
+ // element access
+ std::string& front();
+ std::string& back();
+
+ // interface to StrBlobPtr
+ StrBlobPtr begin(); // can't be defined until StrBlobPtr is
+ StrBlobPtr end();
+private:
+ std::shared_ptr<std::vector<std::string>> data;
+ // throws msg if data[i] isn't valid
+ void check(size_type i, const std::string &msg) const;
+};
+
+// constructor
+inline
+StrBlob::StrBlob(std::initializer_list<std::string> il):
+ data(std::make_shared<std::vector<std::string>>(il)) { }
+
+// StrBlobPtr throws an exception on attempts to access a nonexistent element
+class StrBlobPtr {
+ friend bool eq(const StrBlobPtr&, const StrBlobPtr&);
+public:
+ StrBlobPtr(): curr(0) { }
+ StrBlobPtr(StrBlob &a, size_t sz = 0): wptr(a.data), curr(sz) { }
+
+ std::string& deref() const;
+ StrBlobPtr& incr(); // prefix version
+ StrBlobPtr& decr(); // prefix version
+private:
+ // check returns a shared_ptr to the vector if the check succeeds
+ std::shared_ptr<std::vector<std::string>>
+ check(std::size_t, const std::string&) const;
+
+ // store a weak_ptr, which means the underlying vector might be destroyed
+ std::weak_ptr<std::vector<std::string>> wptr;
+ std::size_t curr; // current position within the array
+};
+
+inline
+std::string& StrBlobPtr::deref() const
+{
+ auto p = check(curr, "dereference past end");
+ return (*p)[curr]; // (*p) is the vector to which this object points
+}
+
+inline
+std::shared_ptr<std::vector<std::string>>
+StrBlobPtr::check(std::size_t i, const std::string &msg) const
+{
+ auto ret = wptr.lock(); // is the vector still around?
+ if (!ret)
+ throw std::runtime_error("unbound StrBlobPtr");
+
+ if (i >= ret->size())
+ throw std::out_of_range(msg);
+ return ret; // otherwise, return a shared_ptr to the vector
+}
+
+// prefix: return a reference to the incremented object
+inline
+StrBlobPtr& StrBlobPtr::incr()
+{
+ // if curr already points past the end of the container, can't increment it
+ check(curr, "increment past end of StrBlobPtr");
+ ++curr; // advance the current state
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline
+StrBlobPtr& StrBlobPtr::decr()
+{
+ // if curr is zero, decrementing it will yield an invalid subscript
+ --curr; // move the current state back one element}
+ check(-1, "decrement past begin of StrBlobPtr");
+ return *this;
+}
+
+// begin and end members for StrBlob
+inline
+StrBlobPtr
+StrBlob::begin()
+{
+ return StrBlobPtr(*this);
+}
+
+inline
+StrBlobPtr
+StrBlob::end()
+{
+ auto ret = StrBlobPtr(*this, data->size());
+ return ret;
+}
+
+// named equality operators for StrBlobPtr
+inline
+bool eq(const StrBlobPtr &lhs, const StrBlobPtr &rhs)
+{
+ auto l = lhs.wptr.lock(), r = rhs.wptr.lock();
+ // if the underlying vector is the same
+ if (l == r)
+ // then they're equal if they're both null or
+ // if they point to the same element
+ return (!r || lhs.curr == rhs.curr);
+ else
+ return false; // if they point to difference vectors, they're not equal
+}
+
+inline
+bool neq(const StrBlobPtr &lhs, const StrBlobPtr &rhs)
+{
+ return !eq(lhs, rhs);
+}
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "TextQuery.h"
+#include "make_plural.h"
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <memory>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include <set>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <cctype>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <utility>
+
+using std::size_t;
+using std::shared_ptr;
+using std::istringstream;
+using std::string;
+using std::getline;
+using std::vector;
+using std::map;
+using std::set;
+using std::cerr;
+using std::cout;
+using std::cin;
+using std::ostream;
+using std::endl;
+using std::ifstream;
+using std::ispunct;
+using std::tolower;
+using std::strlen;
+using std::pair;
+
+// read the input file and build the map of lines to line numbers
+TextQuery::TextQuery(ifstream &is): file(new vector<string>)
+{
+ string text;
+ while (getline(is, text)) { // for each line in the file
+ file->push_back(text); // remember this line of text
+ int n = file->size() - 1; // the current line number
+ istringstream line(text); // separate the line into words
+ string word;
+ while (line >> word) { // for each word in that line
+ word = cleanup_str(word);
+ // if word isn't already in wm, subscripting adds a new entry
+ auto &lines = wm[word]; // lines is a shared_ptr
+ if (!lines) // that pointer is null the first time we see word
+ lines.reset(new set<line_no>); // allocate a new set
+ lines->insert(n); // insert this line number
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+// not covered in the book -- cleanup_str removes
+// punctuation and converts all text to lowercase so that
+// the queries operate in a case insensitive manner
+string TextQuery::cleanup_str(const string &word)
+{
+ string ret;
+ for (auto it = word.begin(); it != word.end(); ++it) {
+ if (!ispunct(*it))
+ ret += tolower(*it);
+ }
+ return ret;
+}
+
+QueryResult
+TextQuery::query(const string &sought) const
+{
+ // we'll return a pointer to this set if we don't find sought
+ static shared_ptr<set<line_no>> nodata(new set<line_no>);
+
+ // use find and not a subscript to avoid adding words to wm!
+ auto loc = wm.find(cleanup_str(sought));
+
+ if (loc == wm.end())
+ return QueryResult(sought, nodata, file); // not found
+ else
+ return QueryResult(sought, loc->second, file);
+}
+
+ostream &print(ostream & os, const QueryResult &qr)
+{
+ // if the word was found, print the count and all occurrences
+ os << qr.sought << " occurs " << qr.lines->size() << " "
+ << make_plural(qr.lines->size(), "time", "s") << endl;
+
+ // print each line in which the word appeared
+ for (auto num : *qr.lines) // for every element in the set
+ // don't confound the user with text lines starting at 0
+ os << "\t(line " << num + 1 << ") "
+ << *(qr.file->begin() + num) << endl;
+
+ return os;
+}
+
+// debugging routine, not covered in the book
+void TextQuery::display_map()
+{
+ auto iter = wm.cbegin(), iter_end = wm.cend();
+
+ // for each word in the map
+ for ( ; iter != iter_end; ++iter) {
+ cout << "word: " << iter->first << " {";
+
+ // fetch location vector as a const reference to avoid copying it
+ auto text_locs = iter->second;
+ auto loc_iter = text_locs->cbegin(),
+ loc_iter_end = text_locs->cend();
+
+ // print all line numbers for this word
+ while (loc_iter != loc_iter_end)
+ {
+ cout << *loc_iter;
+
+ if (++loc_iter != loc_iter_end)
+ cout << ", ";
+
+ }
+
+ cout << "}\n"; // end list of output this word
+ }
+ cout << endl; // finished printing entire map
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef TEXTQUERY_H
+#define TEXTQUERY_H
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include <set>
+#include <fstream>
+#include "QueryResult.h"
+
+/* this version of the query classes includes two
+ * members not covered in the book:
+ * cleanup_str: which removes punctuation and
+ * converst all text to lowercase
+ * display_map: a debugging routine that will print the contents
+ * of the lookup mape
+*/
+
+class QueryResult; // declaration needed for return type in the query function
+class TextQuery {
+public:
+ using line_no = std::vector<std::string>::size_type;
+ TextQuery(std::ifstream&);
+ QueryResult query(const std::string&) const;
+ void display_map(); // debugging aid: print the map
+private:
+ std::shared_ptr<std::vector<std::string>> file; // input file
+ // maps each word to the set of the lines in which that word appears
+ std::map<std::string,
+ std::shared_ptr<std::set<line_no>>> wm;
+
+ // canonicalizes text: removes punctuation and makes everything lower case
+ static std::string cleanup_str(const std::string&);
+};
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <memory>
+using std::unique_ptr; using std::shared_ptr;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // up points to an array of ten uninitialized ints
+ unique_ptr<int[]> up(new int[10]);
+ for (size_t i = 0; i != 10; ++i)
+ up[i] = i; // assign a new value to each of the elements
+ up.release(); // automatically uses delete[] to destroy its pointer
+
+ // to use a shared_ptr we must supply a deleter
+ shared_ptr<int> sp(new int[10], [](int *p) { delete[] p; });
+ // shared_ptrs don't have subscript operator
+ // and don't support pointer arithmetic
+ for (size_t i = 0; i != 10; ++i)
+ *(sp.get() + i) = i; // use get to get a built-in pointer
+ sp.reset(); // uses the lambda we supplied
+ // that uses delete[] to free the array
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::istream; using std::ostream;
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include "Foo.h"
+
+// factory returns a pointer to a dynamically allocated object
+Foo* factory(T arg)
+{
+ // process arg as appropriate
+ return new Foo(arg); // caller is responsible for deleting this memory
+}
+
+Foo* use_factory(T arg)
+{
+ Foo *p = factory(arg);
+ print(cout, *p);
+ cout << endl;
+ // use p
+ return p; // caller must delete the memory
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ T arg;
+ while (cin >> arg) {
+ auto p = use_factory(arg);
+ delete p; // remember to delete the memory from use_factory
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <memory>
+using std::make_shared; using std::shared_ptr;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::istream; using std::ostream;
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include "Foo.h"
+
+// factory returns a shared_ptr to a dynamically allocated object
+shared_ptr<Foo> factory(T arg)
+{
+ // process arg as appropriate
+ // shared_ptr will take care of deleting this memory
+ return make_shared<Foo>(arg);
+}
+
+shared_ptr<Foo> use_factory(T arg)
+{
+ shared_ptr<Foo> p = factory(arg);
+ print(cout, *p);
+ cout << endl;
+ // use p
+ return p; // reference count is incremented when we return p
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ T arg;
+ while (cin >> arg)
+ use_factory(arg);
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
--- /dev/null
+Alice Emma has long flowing red hair.
+Her Daddy says when the wind blows
+through her hair, it looks almost alive,
+like a fiery bird in flight.
+A beautiful fiery bird, he tells her,
+magical but untamed.
+"Daddy, shush, there is no such thing,"
+she tells him, at the same time wanting
+him to tell her more.
+Shyly, she asks, "I mean, Daddy, is there?"
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = allocPtr.exe allocSP.exe \
+ oknew.exe querymain.exe release.exe \
+ unique.exe UP.exe usealloc.exe usealloc2.exe \
+ useBlob.exe weak.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+# 7 has Sales_data files, 6 has make_plural
+LOCFLAGS = -I../7 -I../6
+
+querymain.exe: querymain.o TextQuery.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) querymain.o TextQuery.o \
+ -o querymain.exe
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <new>
+using std::nothrow;
+
+size_t get_size() { return 42; }
+
+int main()
+{
+ // if allocation fails, new returns a null pointer
+ int *p1 = new int; // if allocation fails, new throws std::bad_alloc
+ int *p2 = new (nothrow) int; // if allocation fails, new returns a null pointer
+
+ int i0; // named, uninitialized int variable
+
+ int *p0 = new int; // pi points to a dynamically allocated,
+ // unnamed, uninitialized int
+ delete p0; // frees the memory to which pi points
+
+ // named initialized variables
+ int i(1024); // value of i is 1024
+ string s(10, '9'); // value of s is "9999999999"
+ vector<int> v = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+
+ // unnamed, initialized dynamically allocated objects
+ int *pi = new int(1024); // object to which pi points has value 1024
+ string *ps = new string(10, '9'); // *ps is "9999999999"
+ // vector with ten elements with values from 0 to 9
+ vector<int> *pv = new vector<int>{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+
+ cout << "*pi: " << *pi
+ << "\ti: " << i << endl
+ << "*ps: " << *ps
+ << "\ts: " << s << endl;
+
+ for (auto b = pv->begin(); b != pv->end(); ++b)
+ cout << *b << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // when we're done using the memory must delete the pointers
+ delete pi; // frees the memory to which pi points
+ delete ps; // frees the string to which ps points
+ // the string destructor frees the space used by its data
+ delete pv; // frees the memory for the vector
+ // which also destroys the elements in that vector
+
+ // call get_size to determine how many ints to allocate
+ int *pia = new int[get_size()]; // pia points to the first of these ints
+ delete [] pia; // brackets used to delete pointer to element in an array
+ typedef int arrT[42]; // arrT names the type array of 42 ints
+ int *p = new arrT; // allocates an array of 42 ints; p points to the first one
+ delete [] p; // brackets are necessary because we allocated an array
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <fstream>
+using std::ifstream;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::cerr;
+using std::endl;
+
+#include <cstdlib> // for EXIT_FAILURE
+
+#include "TextQuery.h"
+#include "make_plural.h"
+
+void runQueries(ifstream &infile)
+{
+ // infile is an ifstream that is the file we want to query
+ TextQuery tq(infile); // store the file and build the query map
+ // iterate with the user: prompt for a word to find and print results
+ while (true) {
+ cout << "enter word to look for, or q to quit: ";
+ string s;
+ // stop if we hit end-of-file on the input or if a 'q' is entered
+ if (!(cin >> s) || s == "q") break;
+ // run the query and print the results
+ print(cout, tq.query(s)) << endl;
+ }
+}
+
+// program takes single argument specifying the file to query
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ // open the file from which user will query words
+ ifstream infile;
+ // open returns void, so we use the comma operator XREF(commaOp)
+ // to check the state of infile after the open
+ if (argc < 2 || !(infile.open(argv[1]), infile)) {
+ cerr << "No input file!" << endl;
+ return EXIT_FAILURE;
+ }
+ runQueries(infile);
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <memory>
+using std::unique_ptr;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ unique_ptr<string> p1(new string("Stegosaurus"));
+
+ // transfers ownership from p1
+ // (which points to the string Stegosaurus) to p2
+ unique_ptr<string> p2(p1.release()); // release makes p1 null
+ cout << *p2 << endl; // prints Stegosaurus
+
+ unique_ptr<string> p3(new string("Trex"));
+
+ // reset deletes the memory to which p2 had pointed
+ // and transfers ownership from p3 to p2
+ p2.reset(p3.release());
+ cout << *p2 << endl; // prints Trex
+
+ // p1 is null, p2 is steg, and p3 is trex
+ if (p1)
+ cout << "p1 not null?" << endl;
+ if (p3)
+ cout << "p2 not null?" << endl;
+ cout << *p2 << endl;
+}
--- /dev/null
+echo "querymain:" && ./querymain.exe data/storyDataFile < data/Alice
+echo "allocPtr:" && ./allocPtr.exe < data/alloc
+echo "allocSP:" && ./allocSP.exe < data/alloc
+echo "usealloc:" && ./usealloc.exe < data/storyDataFile
+
+../noinput oknew.exe release.exe \
+ unique.exe UP.exe usealloc2.exe useBlob.exe weak.exe
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::ostream; using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <memory>
+using std::shared_ptr;
+
+int main() {
+ shared_ptr<string> p(new string("Hello!"));
+ shared_ptr<string> p2(p); // two users of the allocated string
+ string newVal;
+ if (!p.unique())
+ p.reset(new string(*p)); // we aren't alone; allocate a new copy
+ *p += newVal; // now that we know we're the only pointer, okay to change this object
+ cout << *p << " " << *p2 << endl;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced. Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include "StrBlob.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ StrBlob b1;
+ {
+ StrBlob b2 = { "a", "an", "the" };
+ b1 = b2;
+ b2.push_back("about");
+ cout << b2.size() << endl;
+ }
+ cout << b1.size() << endl;
+
+ for (auto it = b1.begin(); neq(it, b1.end()); it.incr())
+ cout << it.deref() << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <memory>
+using std::allocator;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <fstream>
+using std::ifstream;
+
+int main()
+{
+ const size_t n = 100;
+ allocator<string> alloc; // object that can allocate strings
+ auto p = alloc.allocate(n); // allocate n unconstructed strings
+
+ auto q = p; // q will point to one past the last constructed element
+ alloc.construct(q++); // *q is the empty string
+ cout << *(q-1) << endl;
+
+ alloc.construct(q++, 10, 'c'); // *q is cccccccccc
+ cout << *(q - 1) << endl;
+
+ alloc.construct(q++, "hi"); // *q is hi!
+ cout << *(q - 1) << endl;
+
+ cout << *p << endl; // ok: uses the string output operator
+ while (q != p)
+ alloc.destroy(--q); // free the strings we actually allocated
+
+ alloc.deallocate(p, n); // return the memory we allocated
+
+ p = alloc.allocate(n); // allocate n unconstructed strings
+ string s;
+ q = p; // q points to the memory for first string
+ ifstream in("data/storyDataFile");
+ while (in >> s && q != p + n)
+ alloc.construct(q++, s); // construct only as many strings as we need
+ size_t size = q - p; // remember how many strings we read
+
+ // use the array
+
+ cout << "read " << size << " strings" << endl;
+
+ for (q = p + size - 1; q != p; --q)
+ alloc.destroy(q); // free the strings we allocated
+ alloc.deallocate(p, n); // return the memory we allocated
+
+ in.close();
+ in.open("data/storyDataFile");
+ p = new string[n]; // construct n empty strings
+ q = p; // q points to the first string
+ while (in >> s && q != p + n)
+ *q++ = s; // assign a new value to *q
+ size = q - p; // remember how many strings we read
+
+ cout << "read " << size << " strings" << endl;
+
+ // use the array
+
+ delete[] p; // p points to an array; must remember to use delete[]
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <memory>
+using std::uninitialized_copy;
+using std::allocator; using std::uninitialized_fill_n;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<int> vi{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+
+ allocator<int> alloc;
+ // allocate twice as many elements as vi holds
+ auto p = alloc.allocate(vi.size() * 2);
+
+ // construct elements starting at p as copies of elements in vi
+ auto q = uninitialized_copy(vi.begin(), vi.end(), p);
+
+ // initialize the remaining elements to 42
+ uninitialized_fill_n(q, vi.size(), 42);
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i != vi.size(); ++i)
+ cout << *(p + i) << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i != vi.size(); ++i)
+ cout << *(q + i) << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ alloc.deallocate(p, vi.size());
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <memory>
+using std::make_shared; using std::weak_ptr; using std::shared_ptr;
+
+int main()
+{
+ auto p = make_shared<int>(42);
+
+ weak_ptr<int> wp(p); // wp weakly shares with p; use count in p is unchanged
+
+ p.reset(); // assuming p.unique() was true, the int is deleted
+
+ if (shared_ptr<int> np = wp.lock()) { // true if np is not null
+ // inside the if, np shares its object with p
+ }
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <utility>
+// for move, we don't supply a using declaration for move
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cerr; using std::endl;
+
+#include <set>
+using std::set;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include "Folder.h"
+
+void swap(Message &lhs, Message &rhs)
+{
+ using std::swap; // not strictly needed in this case, but good habit
+
+ // remove pointers to each Message from their (original) respective Folders
+ for (auto f: lhs.folders)
+ f->remMsg(&lhs);
+ for (auto f: rhs.folders)
+ f->remMsg(&rhs);
+
+ // swap the contents and Folder pointer sets
+ swap(lhs.folders, rhs.folders); // uses swap(set&, set&)
+ swap(lhs.contents, rhs.contents); // swap(string&, string&)
+
+ // add pointers to each Message to their (new) respective Folders
+ for (auto f: lhs.folders)
+ f->addMsg(&lhs);
+ for (auto f: rhs.folders)
+ f->addMsg(&rhs);
+}
+
+Folder::Folder(Folder &&f)
+{
+ move_Messages(&f); // make each Message point to this Folder
+}
+
+Folder& Folder::operator=(Folder &&f)
+{
+ if (this != &f) {
+ remove_from_Msgs(); // remove this Folder from the current msgs
+ move_Messages(&f); // make each Message point to this Folder
+ }
+ return *this;
+}
+
+void Folder::move_Messages(Folder *f)
+{
+ msgs = std::move(f->msgs); // move the set from f to this Folder
+ f->msgs.clear(); // ensure that destroying f is harmless
+ for (auto m : msgs) { // for each Message in this Folder
+ m->remFldr(f); // remove the pointer to the old Folder
+ m->addFldr(this); // insert pointer to this Folder
+ }
+}
+
+Message::Message(Message &&m): contents(std::move(m.contents))
+{
+ move_Folders(&m); // moves folders and updates the Folder pointers
+}
+
+Message::Message(const Message &m):
+ contents(m.contents), folders(m.folders)
+{
+ add_to_Folders(m); // add this Message to the Folders that point to m
+}
+
+Message& Message::operator=(Message &&rhs)
+{
+ if (this != &rhs) { // direct check for self-assignment
+ remove_from_Folders();
+ contents = std::move(rhs.contents); // move assignment
+ move_Folders(&rhs); // reset the Folders to point to this Message
+ }
+ return *this;
+}
+
+Message& Message::operator=(const Message &rhs)
+{
+ // handle self-assignment by removing pointers before inserting them
+ remove_from_Folders(); // update existing Folders
+ contents = rhs.contents; // copy message contents from rhs
+ folders = rhs.folders; // copy Folder pointers from rhs
+ add_to_Folders(rhs); // add this Message to those Folders
+ return *this;
+}
+
+Message::~Message()
+{
+ remove_from_Folders();
+}
+
+// move the Folder pointers from m to this Message
+void Message::move_Folders(Message *m)
+{
+ folders = std::move(m->folders); // uses set move assignment
+ for (auto f : folders) { // for each Folder
+ f->remMsg(m); // remove the old Message from the Folder
+ f->addMsg(this); // add this Message to that Folder
+ }
+ m->folders.clear(); // ensure that destroying m is harmless
+}
+
+// add this Message to Folders that point to m
+void Message::add_to_Folders(const Message &m)
+{
+ for (auto f : m.folders) // for each Folder that holds m
+ f->addMsg(this); // add a pointer to this Message to that Folder
+}
+
+// remove this Message from the corresponding Folders
+void Message::remove_from_Folders()
+{
+ for (auto f : folders) // for each pointer in folders
+ f->remMsg(this); // remove this Message from that Folder
+ folders.clear(); // no Folder points to this Message
+
+}
+
+void Folder::add_to_Messages(const Folder &f)
+{
+ for (auto msg : f.msgs)
+ msg->addFldr(this); // add this Folder to each Message
+}
+
+Folder::Folder(const Folder &f) : msgs(f.msgs)
+{
+ add_to_Messages(f); // add this Folder to each Message in f.msgs
+}
+
+Folder& Folder::operator=(const Folder &f)
+{
+ remove_from_Msgs(); // remove this folder from each Message in msgs
+ msgs = f.msgs; // copy the set of Messages from f
+ add_to_Messages(f); // add this folder to each Message in msgs
+ return *this;
+}
+
+Folder::~Folder()
+{
+ remove_from_Msgs();
+}
+
+
+void Folder::remove_from_Msgs()
+{
+ while (!msgs.empty())
+ (*msgs.begin())->remove(*this);
+}
+void Message::save(Folder &f)
+{
+ folders.insert(&f); // add the given Folder to our list of Folders
+ f.addMsg(this); // add this Message to f's set of Messages
+}
+
+void Message::remove(Folder &f)
+{
+ folders.erase(&f); // take the given Folder out of our list of Folders
+ f.remMsg(this); // remove this Message to f's set of Messages
+}
+
+void Folder::save(Message &m)
+{
+ // add m and add this folder to m's set of Folders
+ msgs.insert(&m);
+ m.addFldr(this);
+}
+
+void Folder::remove(Message &m)
+{
+ // erase m from msgs and remove this folder from m
+ msgs.erase(&m);
+ m.remFldr(this);
+}
+
+void Folder::debug_print()
+{
+ cerr << "Folder contains " << msgs.size() << " messages" << endl;
+ int ctr = 1;
+ for (auto m : msgs) {
+ cerr << "Message " << ctr++ << ":\n\t" << m->contents << endl;
+ }
+}
+
+void Message::debug_print()
+{
+ cerr << "Message:\n\t" << contents << endl;
+ cerr << "Appears in " << folders.size() << " Folders" << endl;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef FOLDER_H
+#define FOLDER_H
+
+#include <string>
+#include <set>
+
+class Folder;
+
+class Message {
+ friend void swap(Message&, Message&);
+ friend class Folder;
+public:
+ // folders is implicitly initialized to the empty set
+ explicit Message(const std::string &str = ""):
+ contents(str) { }
+
+ // copy control to manage pointers to this Message
+ Message(const Message&); // copy constructor
+ Message& operator=(const Message&); // copy assignment
+ ~Message(); // destructor
+ Message(Message&&); // move constructor
+ Message& operator=(Message&&); // move assignment
+
+ // add/remove this Message from the specified Folder's set of messages
+ void save(Folder&);
+ void remove(Folder&);
+ void debug_print(); // print contents and it's list of Folders,
+ // printing each Folder as well
+private:
+ std::string contents; // actual message text
+ std::set<Folder*> folders; // Folders that have this Message
+
+ // utility functions used by copy constructor, assignment, and destructor
+ // add this Message to the Folders that point to the parameter
+ void add_to_Folders(const Message&);
+ void move_Folders(Message*);
+ // remove this Message from every Folder in folders
+ void remove_from_Folders();
+
+ // used by Folder class to add self to this Message's set of Folder's
+ void addFldr(Folder *f) { folders.insert(f); }
+ void remFldr(Folder *f) { folders.erase(f); }
+};
+// declaration for swap should be in the same header as Message itself
+void swap(Message&, Message&);
+
+class Folder {
+ friend void swap(Message&, Message&);
+ friend class Message;
+public:
+ ~Folder(); // remove self from Messages in msgs
+ Folder(const Folder&); // add new folder to each Message in msgs
+ Folder& operator=(const Folder&); // delete Folder from lhs messages
+ // add Folder to rhs messages
+ Folder(Folder&&); // move Messages to this Folder
+ Folder& operator=(Folder&&); // delete Folder from lhs messages
+ // add Folder to rhs messages
+
+ Folder() = default; // defaults ok
+
+ void save(Message&); // add this message to folder
+ void remove(Message&); // remove this message from this folder
+
+ void debug_print(); // print contents and it's list of Folders,
+private:
+ std::set<Message*> msgs; // messages in this folder
+
+ void add_to_Messages(const Folder&);// add this Folder to each Message
+ void remove_from_Msgs(); // remove this Folder from each Message
+ void addMsg(Message *m) { msgs.insert(m); }
+ void remMsg(Message *m) { msgs.erase(m); }
+ void move_Messages(Folder*); // move Message pointers to point to this Folder
+};
+
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include "Folder.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ string s1("contents1");
+ string s2("contents2");
+ string s3("contents3");
+ string s4("contents4");
+ string s5("contents5");
+ string s6("contents6");
+
+ // all new messages, no copies yet
+ Message m1(s1);
+ Message m2(s2);
+ Message m3(s3);
+ Message m4(s4);
+ Message m5(s5);
+ Message m6(s6);
+
+ Folder f1;
+ Folder f2;
+
+ m1.save(f1); m3.save(f1); m5.save(f1);
+ m1.save(f2);
+ m2.save(f2); m4.save(f2); m6.save(f2);
+
+ m1.debug_print();
+ f2.debug_print();
+
+ // create some copies
+ Message c1(m1);
+ Message c2(m2), c4(m4), c6(m6);
+
+ m1.debug_print();
+ f2.debug_print();
+
+ // now some assignments
+ m2 = m3;
+ m4 = m5;
+ m6 = m3;
+ m1 = m5;
+
+ m1.debug_print();
+ f2.debug_print();
+
+ // finally, self-assignment
+ m2 = m2;
+ m1 = m1;
+
+ m1.debug_print();
+ f2.debug_print();
+
+ vector<Message> vm;
+ cout << "capacity: " << vm.capacity() << endl;
+ vm.push_back(m1);
+
+ cout << "capacity: " << vm.capacity() << endl;
+ vm.push_back(m2);
+
+ cout << "capacity: " << vm.capacity() << endl;
+ vm.push_back(m3);
+
+ cout << "capacity: " << vm.capacity() << endl;
+ vm.push_back(m4);
+
+ cout << "capacity: " << vm.capacity() << endl;
+ vm.push_back(m5);
+
+ cout << "capacity: " << vm.capacity() << endl;
+ vm.push_back(m6);
+
+ vector<Folder> vf;
+ cout << "capacity: " << vf.capacity() << endl;
+ vf.push_back(f1);
+
+ cout << "capacity: " << vf.capacity() << endl;
+ vf.push_back(f2);
+
+ cout << "capacity: " << vf.capacity() << endl;
+ vf.push_back(Folder(f1));
+
+ cout << "capacity: " << vf.capacity() << endl;
+ vf.push_back(Folder(f2));
+
+ cout << "capacity: " << vf.capacity() << endl;
+ vf.push_back(Folder());
+
+ Folder f3;
+ f3.save(m6);
+ cout << "capacity: " << vf.capacity() << endl;
+ vf.push_back(f3);
+
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+// reference counted version of HasPtr
+#include <string>
+
+#include <cstddef>
+
+class HasPtr {
+public:
+ // constructor allocates a new string and a new counter,
+ // which it sets to 1
+ HasPtr(const std::string &s = std::string()):
+ ps(new std::string(s)), i(0), use(new std::size_t(1)) {}
+
+ // copy constructor copies all three data members
+ // and increments the counter
+ HasPtr(const HasPtr &p):
+ ps(p.ps), i(p.i), use(p.use) { ++*use; }
+
+ HasPtr& operator=(const HasPtr&);
+
+ ~HasPtr();
+
+ // move constructor takes over the pointers from its argument
+ // and makes the argument safe to delete
+ HasPtr(HasPtr &&p): ps(p.ps), i(p.i), use(p.use)
+ { p.ps = 0; p.use = 0; }
+
+ HasPtr &operator=(HasPtr&&);
+
+private:
+ std::string *ps;
+ int i;
+ std::size_t *use; // member to track how many objects share *ps
+};
+
+HasPtr::~HasPtr()
+{
+ if (--*use == 0) { // if the reference count goes to 0
+ delete ps; // delete the string
+ delete use; // and the counter
+ }
+}
+
+HasPtr &
+HasPtr::operator=(HasPtr &&rhs)
+{
+ if (this != &rhs) {
+ if (--*use == 0) { // do the work of the destructor
+ delete ps;
+ delete use;
+ }
+ ps = rhs.ps; // do the work of the move constructor
+ i = rhs.i;
+ use = rhs.use;
+ ps = 0; use = 0;
+ }
+ return *this;
+}
+
+HasPtr& HasPtr::operator=(const HasPtr &rhs)
+{
+ ++*rhs.use; // increment the use count of the right-hand operand
+ if (--*use == 0) { // then decrement this object's counter
+ delete ps; // if no other users
+ delete use; // free this object's allocated members
+ }
+ ps = rhs.ps; // copy data from rhs into this object
+ i = rhs.i;
+ use = rhs.use;
+ return *this; // return this object
+}
+
+HasPtr f(HasPtr hp) // HasPtr passed by value, so it is copied
+{
+ HasPtr ret;
+ ret = hp; // assignment copies the given HasPtr
+ // proces ret
+ return ret; // ret and hp are destroyed
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ HasPtr h("hi mom!");
+ HasPtr h2 = h; // no new memory is allocated,
+ // h and h2 share the same underlying string
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+
+// value-like implementation of HasPtr
+class HasPtr {
+ friend void swap(HasPtr&, HasPtr&);
+public:
+ HasPtr(const std::string &s = std::string()):
+ ps(new std::string(s)), i(0) { }
+
+ // each HasPtr has its own copy of the string to which ps points
+ HasPtr(const HasPtr &p):
+ ps(new std::string(*p.ps)), i(p.i) { }
+
+ HasPtr& operator=(const HasPtr &);
+
+ ~HasPtr() { delete ps; }
+private:
+ std::string *ps;
+ int i;
+};
+
+inline
+void swap(HasPtr &lhs, HasPtr &rhs)
+{
+ using std::swap;
+ swap(lhs.ps, rhs.ps); // swap the pointers, not the string data
+ swap(lhs.i, rhs.i); // swap the int members
+}
+
+using std::string;
+HasPtr& HasPtr::operator=(const HasPtr &rhs)
+{
+ auto newp = new string(*rhs.ps); // copy the underlying string
+ delete ps; // free the old memory
+ ps = newp; // copy data from rhs into this object
+ i = rhs.i;
+ return *this; // return this object
+}
+
+HasPtr f(HasPtr hp) // HasPtr passed by value, so it is copied
+{
+ HasPtr ret = hp; // copies the given HasPtr
+ // process ret
+ return ret; // ret and hp are destroyed
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ HasPtr h("hi mom!"); // allocates a new copy of "hi mom!"
+ f(h); // copy constructor copies h in the call to f
+ // that copy is destroyed when f exits
+} // h is destroyed on exit, which destroys its allocated memory
--- /dev/null
+No programs in this chapter read input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <utility>
+// for std::move, but we don't supply a using declaration for move
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cerr; using std::endl;
+
+#include <set>
+using std::set;
+
+#include "StrFolder.h"
+
+void swap(Message &lhs, Message &rhs)
+{
+ using std::swap; // not strictly needed in this case, but good habit
+
+ // remove pointers to each Message from their (original) respective Folders
+ for (auto f: lhs.folders)
+ f->remMsg(&lhs);
+ for (auto f: rhs.folders)
+ f->remMsg(&rhs);
+
+ // swap the contents and Folder pointer sets
+ swap(lhs.folders, rhs.folders); // uses swap(set&, set&)
+ swap(lhs.contents, rhs.contents); // swap(String&, String&)
+
+ // add pointers to each Message to their (new) respective Folders
+ for (auto f: lhs.folders)
+ f->addMsg(&lhs);
+ for (auto f: rhs.folders)
+ f->addMsg(&rhs);
+}
+
+Folder::Folder(Folder &&f)
+{
+ move_Messages(&f); // make each Message point to this Folder
+}
+
+Folder& Folder::operator=(Folder &&f)
+{
+ if (this != &f) { // direct check for self-assignment
+ remove_from_Msgs(); // remove this Folder from the current msgs
+ move_Messages(&f); // make each Message point to this Folder
+ }
+ return *this;
+}
+
+void Folder::move_Messages(Folder *f)
+{
+ msgs = std::move(f->msgs); // move the set from f to this Folder
+ f->msgs.clear(); // ensure that destroying f is harmless
+ for (auto m : msgs) { // for each Message in this Folder
+ m->remFldr(f); // remove the pointer to the old Folder
+ m->addFldr(this); // insert pointer to this Folder
+ }
+}
+
+Message::Message(Message &&m): contents(std::move(m.contents))
+{
+ move_Folders(&m); // moves folders and updates the Folder pointers
+}
+
+Message::Message(const Message &m):
+ contents(m.contents), folders(m.folders)
+{
+ add_to_Folders(m); // add this Message to the Folders that point to m
+}
+
+
+Message& Message::operator=(Message &&rhs)
+{
+ if (this != &rhs) { // direct check for self-assignment
+ remove_from_Folders();
+ contents = std::move(rhs.contents); // move assignment
+ move_Folders(&rhs); // reset the Folders to point to this Message
+ }
+ return *this;
+}
+
+Message& Message::operator=(const Message &rhs)
+{
+ // handle self-assignment by removing pointers before inserting them
+ remove_from_Folders(); // update existing Folders
+ contents = rhs.contents; // copy message contents from rhs
+ folders = rhs.folders; // copy Folder pointers from rhs
+ add_to_Folders(rhs); // add this Message to those Folders
+ return *this;
+}
+
+Message::~Message()
+{
+ remove_from_Folders();
+}
+
+// move the Folder pointers from m to this Message
+void Message::move_Folders(Message *m)
+{
+ folders = std::move(m->folders); // uses set move assignment
+ for (auto f : folders) { // for each Folder
+ f->remMsg(m); // remove the old Message from the Folder
+ f->addMsg(this); // add this Message to that Folder
+ }
+ m->folders.clear(); // ensure that destroying m is harmless
+}
+
+// add this Message to Folders that point to m
+void Message::add_to_Folders(const Message &m)
+{
+ for (auto f : m.folders) // for each Folder that holds m
+ f->addMsg(this); // add a pointer to this Message to that Folder
+}
+
+// remove this Message from the corresponding Folders
+void Message::remove_from_Folders()
+{
+ for (auto f : folders) // for each pointer in folders
+ f->remMsg(this); // remove this Message from that Folder
+ folders.clear(); // no Folder points to this Message
+
+}
+
+void Folder::add_to_Messages(const Folder &f)
+{
+ for (auto msg : f.msgs)
+ msg->addFldr(this); // add this Folder to each Message
+}
+
+Folder::Folder(const Folder &f) : msgs(f.msgs)
+{
+ add_to_Messages(f); // add this Folder to each Message in f.msgs
+}
+
+Folder& Folder::operator=(const Folder &f)
+{
+ remove_from_Msgs(); // remove this folder from each Message in msgs
+ msgs = f.msgs; // copy the set of Messages from f
+ add_to_Messages(f); // add this folder to each Message in msgs
+ return *this;
+}
+
+Folder::~Folder()
+{
+ remove_from_Msgs();
+}
+
+
+void Folder::remove_from_Msgs()
+{
+ while (!msgs.empty())
+ (*msgs.begin())->remove(*this);
+}
+
+void Message::save(Folder &f)
+{
+ folders.insert(&f); // add the given Folder to our list of Folders
+ f.addMsg(this); // add this Message to f's set of Messages
+}
+
+void Message::remove(Folder &f)
+{
+ folders.erase(&f); // take the given Folder out of our list of Folders
+ f.remMsg(this); // remove this Message to f's set of Messages
+}
+
+void Folder::save(Message &m)
+{
+ // add m and add this folder to m's set of Folders
+ msgs.insert(&m);
+ m.addFldr(this);
+}
+
+void Folder::remove(Message &m)
+{
+ // erase m from msgs and remove this folder from m
+ msgs.erase(&m);
+ m.remFldr(this);
+}
+
+void Folder::debug_print()
+{
+ cerr << "Folder contains " << msgs.size() << " messages" << endl;
+ int ctr = 1;
+ for (auto m : msgs) {
+ cerr << "Message " << ctr++ << ":\n\t" << m->contents << endl;
+ }
+}
+
+void Message::debug_print()
+{
+ cerr << "Message:\n\t" << contents << endl;
+ cerr << "Appears in " << folders.size() << " Folders" << endl;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef STRFOLDER_H
+#define STRFOLDER_H
+
+#include "String.h"
+#include <set>
+
+class Folder;
+
+class Message {
+ friend void swap(Message&, Message&);
+ friend class Folder;
+public:
+ // folders is implicitly initialized to the empty set
+ explicit Message(const String &str = ""):
+ contents(str) { }
+
+ // copy control to manage pointers to this Message
+ Message(const Message&); // copy constructor
+ Message& operator=(const Message&); // copy assignment
+ ~Message(); // destructor
+ Message(Message&&); // move constructor
+ Message& operator=(Message&&); // move assignment
+
+ // add/remove this Message from the specified Folder's set of messages
+ void save(Folder&);
+ void remove(Folder&);
+ void debug_print(); // print contents and it's list of Folders,
+ // printing each Folder as well
+private:
+ String contents; // actual message text
+ std::set<Folder*> folders; // Folders that have this Message
+
+ // utility functions used by copy constructor, assignment, and destructor
+ // add this Message to the Folders that point to the parameter
+ void add_to_Folders(const Message&);
+ void move_Folders(Message*);
+ // remove this Message from every Folder in folders
+ void remove_from_Folders();
+
+ // used by Folder class to add self to this Message's set of Folder's
+ void addFldr(Folder *f) { folders.insert(f); }
+ void remFldr(Folder *f) { folders.erase(f); }
+};
+// declaration for swap should be in the same header as Message itself
+void swap(Message&, Message&);
+
+class Folder {
+ friend void swap(Message&, Message&);
+ friend class Message;
+public:
+ ~Folder(); // remove self from Messages in msgs
+ Folder(const Folder&); // add new folder to each Message in msgs
+ Folder& operator=(const Folder&); // delete Folder from lhs messages
+ // add Folder to rhs messages
+ Folder(Folder&&); // move Messages to this Folder
+ Folder& operator=(Folder&&); // delete Folder from lhs messages
+ // add Folder to rhs messages
+
+ Folder() = default; // defaults ok
+
+ void save(Message&); // add this message to folder
+ void remove(Message&); // remove this message from this folder
+
+ void debug_print(); // print contents and it's list of Folders,
+private:
+ std::set<Message*> msgs; // messages in this folder
+
+ void add_to_Messages(const Folder&);// add this Folder to each Message
+ void remove_from_Msgs(); // remove this Folder from each Message
+ void addMsg(Message *m) { msgs.insert(m); }
+ void remMsg(Message *m) { msgs.erase(m); }
+ void move_Messages(Folder*); // move Message pointers to point to this Folder
+};
+
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include "StrFolder.h"
+
+#include "String.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ String s1("contents1");
+ String s2("contents2");
+ String s3("contents3");
+ String s4("contents4");
+ String s5("contents5");
+ String s6("contents6");
+
+ // all new messages, no copies yet
+ Message m1(s1);
+ Message m2(s2);
+ Message m3(s3);
+ Message m4(s4);
+ Message m5(s5);
+ Message m6(s6);
+
+ Folder f1;
+ Folder f2;
+
+ m1.save(f1); m3.save(f1); m5.save(f1);
+ m1.save(f2);
+ m2.save(f2); m4.save(f2); m6.save(f2);
+
+ m1.debug_print();
+ f2.debug_print();
+
+ // create some copies
+ Message c1(m1);
+ Message c2(m2), c4(m4), c6(m6);
+
+ m1.debug_print();
+ f2.debug_print();
+
+ // now some assignments
+ m2 = m3;
+ m4 = m5;
+ m6 = m3;
+ m1 = m5;
+
+ m1.debug_print();
+ f2.debug_print();
+
+ // finally, self-assignment
+ m2 = m2;
+ m1 = m1;
+
+ m1.debug_print();
+ f2.debug_print();
+
+ vector<Message> vm;
+ cout << "capacity: " << vm.capacity() << endl;
+ vm.push_back(m1);
+
+ cout << "capacity: " << vm.capacity() << endl;
+ vm.push_back(m2);
+
+ cout << "capacity: " << vm.capacity() << endl;
+ vm.push_back(m3);
+
+ cout << "capacity: " << vm.capacity() << endl;
+ vm.push_back(m4);
+
+ cout << "capacity: " << vm.capacity() << endl;
+ vm.push_back(m5);
+
+ cout << "capacity: " << vm.capacity() << endl;
+ vm.push_back(m6);
+
+ vector<Folder> vf;
+ cout << "capacity: " << vf.capacity() << endl;
+ vf.push_back(f1);
+
+ cout << "capacity: " << vf.capacity() << endl;
+ vf.push_back(f2);
+
+ cout << "capacity: " << vf.capacity() << endl;
+ vf.push_back(Folder(f1));
+
+ cout << "capacity: " << vf.capacity() << endl;
+ vf.push_back(Folder(f2));
+
+ cout << "capacity: " << vf.capacity() << endl;
+ vf.push_back(Folder());
+
+ Folder f3;
+ f3.save(m6);
+ cout << "capacity: " << vf.capacity() << endl;
+ vf.push_back(f3);
+
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "StrVec.h"
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <memory>
+using std::allocator;
+
+// errata fixed in second printing --
+// StrVec's allocator should be a static member not an ordinary member
+
+// definition for static data member
+allocator<string> StrVec::alloc;
+
+// all other StrVec members are inline and defined inside StrVec.h
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef STRVEC_H
+#define STRVEC_H
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <memory>
+#include <utility>
+#include <initializer_list>
+
+// simplified implementation of the memory allocation strategy for a vector-like class
+class StrVec {
+public:
+ // copy control members
+ StrVec():
+ elements(nullptr), first_free(nullptr), cap(nullptr) { }
+
+ StrVec(const StrVec&); // copy constructor
+ StrVec &operator=(const StrVec&); // copy assignment
+
+ StrVec(StrVec&&) noexcept; // move constructor
+ StrVec &operator=(StrVec&&) noexcept; // move assignment
+
+ ~StrVec() noexcept; // destructor
+
+ // additional constructor
+ StrVec(std::initializer_list<std::string>);
+
+ void push_back(const std::string&); // copy the element
+ void push_back(std::string&&); // move the element
+
+ // add elements
+ size_t size() const { return first_free - elements; }
+ size_t capacity() const { return cap - elements; }
+
+ // iterator interface
+ std::string *begin() const { return elements; }
+ std::string *end() const { return first_free; }
+
+ // operator functions covered in chapter 14
+ StrVec &operator=(std::initializer_list<std::string>);
+
+ std::string& operator[](std::size_t n)
+ { return elements[n]; }
+
+ const std::string& operator[](std::size_t n) const
+ { return elements[n]; }
+
+ // emplace member covered in chapter 16
+ template <class... Args> void emplace_back(Args&&...);
+private:
+ static std::allocator<std::string> alloc; // allocates the elements
+
+ // utility functions:
+ // used by members that add elements to the StrVec
+ void chk_n_alloc()
+ { if (size() == capacity()) reallocate(); }
+ // used by the copy constructor, assignment operator, and destructor
+ std::pair<std::string*, std::string*> alloc_n_copy
+ (const std::string*, const std::string*);
+ void free(); // destroy the elements and free the space
+ void reallocate(); // get more space and copy the existing elements
+ std::string *elements; // pointer to the first element in the array
+ std::string *first_free; // pointer to the first free element in the array
+ std::string *cap; // pointer to one past the end of the array
+};
+
+#include <algorithm>
+
+inline
+StrVec::~StrVec() noexcept { free(); }
+
+inline
+std::pair<std::string*, std::string*>
+StrVec::alloc_n_copy(const std::string *b, const std::string *e)
+{
+ // allocate space to hold as many elements as are in the range
+ auto data = alloc.allocate(e - b);
+
+ // initialize and return a pair constructed from data and
+ // the value returned by uninitialized_copy
+ return {data, uninitialized_copy(b, e, data)};
+}
+
+inline
+StrVec::StrVec(StrVec &&s) noexcept // move won't throw any exceptions
+ // member initializers take over the resources in s
+ : elements(s.elements), first_free(s.first_free), cap(s.cap)
+{
+ // leave s in a state in which it is safe to run the destructor
+ s.elements = s.first_free = s.cap = nullptr;
+}
+
+inline
+StrVec::StrVec(const StrVec &s)
+{
+ // call alloc_n_copy to allocate exactly as many elements as in s
+ auto newdata = alloc_n_copy(s.begin(), s.end());
+ elements = newdata.first;
+ first_free = cap = newdata.second;
+}
+
+inline
+void StrVec::free()
+{
+ // may not pass deallocate a 0 pointer; if elements is 0, there's no work to do
+ if (elements) {
+ // destroy the old elements in reverse order
+ for (auto p = first_free; p != elements; /* empty */)
+ alloc.destroy(--p);
+ alloc.deallocate(elements, cap - elements);
+ }
+}
+
+inline
+StrVec &StrVec::operator=(std::initializer_list<std::string> il)
+{
+ // alloc_n_copy allocates space and copies elements from the given range
+ auto data = alloc_n_copy(il.begin(), il.end());
+ free(); // destroy the elements in this object and free the space
+ elements = data.first; // update data members to point to the new space
+ first_free = cap = data.second;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline
+StrVec &StrVec::operator=(StrVec &&rhs) noexcept
+{
+ // direct test for self-assignment
+ if (this != &rhs) {
+ free(); // free existing elements
+ elements = rhs.elements; // take over resources from rhs
+ first_free = rhs.first_free;
+ cap = rhs.cap;
+ // leave rhs in a destructible state
+ rhs.elements = rhs.first_free = rhs.cap = nullptr;
+ }
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline
+StrVec &StrVec::operator=(const StrVec &rhs)
+{
+ // call alloc_n_copy to allocate exactly as many elements as in rhs
+ auto data = alloc_n_copy(rhs.begin(), rhs.end());
+ free();
+ elements = data.first;
+ first_free = cap = data.second;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline
+void StrVec::reallocate()
+{
+ // we'll allocate space for twice as many elements as the current size
+ auto newcapacity = size() ? 2 * size() : 1;
+
+ // allocate new memory
+ auto newdata = alloc.allocate(newcapacity);
+
+ // move the data from the old memory to the new
+ auto dest = newdata; // points to the next free position in the new array
+ auto elem = elements; // points to the next element in the old array
+ for (size_t i = 0; i != size(); ++i)
+ alloc.construct(dest++, std::move(*elem++));
+
+ free(); // free the old space once we've moved the elements
+
+ // update our data structure to point to the new elements
+ elements = newdata;
+ first_free = dest;
+ cap = elements + newcapacity;
+}
+
+inline
+StrVec::StrVec(std::initializer_list<std::string> il)
+{
+ // call alloc_n_copy to allocate exactly as many elements as in il
+ auto newdata = alloc_n_copy(il.begin(), il.end());
+ elements = newdata.first;
+ first_free = cap = newdata.second;
+}
+
+inline
+void StrVec::push_back(const std::string& s)
+{
+ chk_n_alloc(); // ensure that there is room for another element
+ // construct a copy of s in the element to which first_free points
+ alloc.construct(first_free++, s);
+}
+
+inline
+void StrVec::push_back(std::string &&s)
+{
+ chk_n_alloc(); // reallocates the StrVec if necessary
+ alloc.construct(first_free++, std::move(s));
+}
+
+
+// emplace member covered in chapter 16
+template <class... Args>
+inline
+void StrVec::emplace_back(Args&&... args)
+{
+ chk_n_alloc(); // reallocates the StrVec if necessary
+ alloc.construct(first_free++, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+}
+
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstring>
+using std::strlen;
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::copy;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::ostream;
+
+#include <utility>
+using std::swap;
+
+#include <initializer_list>
+using std::initializer_list;
+
+#include <memory>
+using std::uninitialized_copy;
+
+#include "String.h"
+
+// define the static allocator member
+std::allocator<char> String::a;
+
+// copy-assignment operator
+String & String::operator=(const String &rhs)
+{
+ // copying the right-hand operand before deleting the left handles self-assignment
+ auto newp = a.allocate(rhs.sz); // copy the underlying string from rhs
+ uninitialized_copy(rhs.p, rhs.p + rhs.sz, newp);
+
+ if (p)
+ a.deallocate(p, sz); // free the memory used by the left-hand operand
+ p = newp; // p now points to the newly allocated string
+ sz = rhs.sz; // update the size
+
+ return *this;
+}
+
+// move assignment operator
+String & String::operator=(String &&rhs) noexcept
+{
+ // explicit check for self-assignment
+ if (this != &rhs) {
+ if (p)
+ a.deallocate(p, sz); // do the work of the destructor
+ p = rhs.p; // take over the old memory
+ sz = rhs.sz;
+ rhs.p = 0; // deleting rhs.p is safe
+ rhs.sz = 0;
+ }
+ return *this;
+}
+
+String& String::operator=(const char *cp)
+{
+ if (p) a.deallocate(p, sz);
+ p = a.allocate(sz = strlen(cp));
+ uninitialized_copy(cp, cp + sz, p);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+String& String::operator=(char c)
+{
+ if(p) a.deallocate(p, sz);
+ p = a.allocate(sz = 1);
+ *p = c;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+String& String::operator=(initializer_list<char> il)
+{
+ // no need to check for self-assignment
+ if (p)
+ a.deallocate(p, sz); // do the work of the destructor
+ p = a.allocate(sz = il.size()); // do the work of the copy constructor
+ uninitialized_copy(il.begin(), il.end(), p);
+ return *this;
+}
+// named functions for operators
+ostream &print(ostream &os, const String &s)
+{
+ auto p = s.begin();
+ while (p != s.end())
+ os << *p++ ;
+ return os;
+}
+
+String add(const String &lhs, const String &rhs)
+{
+ String ret;
+ ret.sz = rhs.size() + lhs.size(); // size of the combined String
+ ret.p = String::a.allocate(ret.sz); // allocate new space
+ uninitialized_copy(lhs.begin(), lhs.end(), ret.p); // copy the operands
+ uninitialized_copy(rhs.begin(), rhs.end(), ret.p + lhs.sz);
+ return ret; // return a copy of the newly created String
+}
+
+// return plural version of word if ctr isn't 1
+String make_plural(size_t ctr, const String &word,
+ const String &ending)
+{
+ return (ctr != 1) ? add(word, ending) : word;
+}
+
+// chapter 14 will explain overloaded operators
+ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const String &s)
+{
+ return print(os, s);
+}
+
+String operator+(const String &lhs, const String &rhs)
+{
+ return add(lhs, rhs);
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef STRING_H
+#define STRING_H
+
+#include <cstring>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <initializer_list>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <memory>
+
+class String {
+friend String operator+(const String&, const String&);
+friend String add(const String&, const String&);
+friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream&, const String&);
+friend std::ostream &print(std::ostream&, const String&);
+
+public:
+ String() = default;
+
+ // cp points to a null terminated array,
+ // allocate new memory & copy the array
+ String(const char *cp) :
+ sz(std::strlen(cp)), p(a.allocate(sz))
+ { std::uninitialized_copy(cp, cp + sz, p); }
+
+ // copy constructor: allocate a new copy of the characters in s
+ String(const String &s):sz(s.sz), p(a.allocate(s.sz))
+ { std::uninitialized_copy(s.p, s.p + sz , p); }
+
+ // move constructor: copy the pointer, not the characters,
+ // no memory allocation or deallocation
+ String(String &&s) noexcept : sz(s.size()), p(s.p)
+ { s.p = 0; s.sz = 0; }
+
+ String(size_t n, char c) : sz(n), p(a.allocate(n))
+ { std::uninitialized_fill_n(p, sz, c); }
+
+ // allocates a new copy of the data in the right-hand operand;
+ // deletes the memory used by the left-hand operand
+ String &operator=(const String &);
+ // moves pointers from right- to left-hand operand
+ String &operator=(String &&) noexcept;
+
+ // unconditionally delete the memory because each String has its own memory
+ ~String() noexcept { if (p) a.deallocate(p, sz); }
+
+ // additional assignment operators
+ String &operator=(const char*); // car = "Studebaker"
+ String &operator=(char); // model = 'T'
+ String &
+ operator=(std::initializer_list<char>); // car = {'a', '4'}
+
+ const char *begin() { return p; }
+ const char *begin() const { return p; }
+ const char *end() { return p + sz; }
+ const char *end() const { return p + sz; }
+
+ size_t size() const { return sz; }
+ void swap(String &s)
+ { auto tmp = p; p = s.p; s.p = tmp;
+ auto cnt = sz; sz = s.sz; s.sz = cnt; }
+private:
+ std::size_t sz = 0;
+ char *p = nullptr;
+ static std::allocator<char> a;
+};
+String make_plural(size_t ctr, const String &, const String &);
+inline
+void swap(String &s1, String &s2)
+{
+ s1.swap(s2);
+}
+
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <utility>
+#include <iostream>
+
+class Foo {
+public:
+ Foo() = default; // default constructor needed because Foo has a copy constructor
+ Foo(const Foo&); // copy constructor
+ // other members, but Foo does not define a move constructor
+};
+
+Foo::Foo(const Foo&) { std::cout << "Foo copy ctor" << std::endl; }
+
+int main()
+{
+ Foo x;
+ Foo y(x); // copy constructor; x is an lvalue
+ Foo z(std::move(x)); // copy constructor, because there is no move constructor
+}
--- /dev/null
+Alice Emma has long flowing red hair.
+Her Daddy says when the wind blows
+through her hair, it looks almost alive,
+like a fiery bird in flight.
+A beautiful fiery bird, he tells her,
+magical but untamed.
+"Daddy, shush, there is no such thing,"
+she tells him, at the same time wanting
+him to tell her more.
+Shyly, she asks, "I mean, Daddy, is there?"
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = FolderMain.exe HasPtrUseCount.exe \
+ HasPtrValueLike.exe copyNoMove.exe \
+ moveHP.exe serial.exe StrFolderMain.exe \
+ useStrVec.exe substr.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+LOCFLAGS = -I../1 -I../7
+
+Folder.o FolderMain.o: Folder.h
+StrFolder.o StrFolderMain.o: StrFolder.h String.h
+String.o: String.h
+useStrVec.o StrVec.o: String.h StrVec.h
+
+useStrVec.exe: StrVec.o useStrVec.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) StrVec.o useStrVec.o -o useStrVec.exe
+
+FolderMain.exe: Folder.o FolderMain.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) Folder.o FolderMain.o -o FolderMain.exe
+
+StrFolderMain.exe: StrFolder.o StrFolderMain.o String.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) StrFolder.o StrFolderMain.o String.o \
+ -o StrFolderMain.exe
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+// for swap but we do not provide a using declaration for swap
+
+// HasPtr with added move constructor
+class HasPtr {
+ friend void swap(HasPtr&, HasPtr&);
+public:
+ // default constructor and constructor that takes a string
+ HasPtr(const std::string &s = std::string()):
+ ps(new std::string(s)), i(0) { }
+
+ // copy constructor
+ HasPtr(const HasPtr &p):
+ ps(new std::string(*p.ps)), i(p.i) { }
+
+ // move constructor
+ HasPtr(HasPtr &&p) noexcept : ps(p.ps), i(p.i) {p.ps = 0;}
+
+ // assignment operator is both the move- and copy-assignment operator
+ HasPtr& operator=(HasPtr rhs)
+ { swap(*this, rhs); return *this; }
+
+ // destructor
+ ~HasPtr() { delete ps; }
+private:
+ std::string *ps;
+ int i;
+};
+
+inline
+void swap(HasPtr &lhs, HasPtr &rhs)
+{
+ using std::swap;
+ swap(lhs.ps, rhs.ps); // swap the pointers, not the string data
+ swap(lhs.i, rhs.i); // swap the int members
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ HasPtr hp("hi mom");
+ HasPtr hp2(hp);
+
+ hp = hp2; // hp2 is an lvalue; copy constructor used to copy hp2
+ hp = std::move(hp2); // move constructor moves hp2
+}
--- /dev/null
+
+../noinput FolderMain.exe HasPtrUseCount.exe \
+ HasPtrValueLike.exe copyNoMove.exe \
+ moveHP.exe serial.exe \
+ StrFolderMain.exe substr.exe useStrVec.exe
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+struct numbered {
+ static size_t sn;
+ numbered() : mysn(sn++) { }
+ numbered(const numbered &) : mysn(sn++) { }
+ numbered &operator=(const numbered &) { return *this; }
+ size_t mysn;
+};
+
+size_t numbered::sn = 0;
+
+void f (numbered s) { cout << s.mysn << endl; }
+
+int main()
+{
+ numbered a, b = a, c = b;
+ f(a); f(b); f(c);
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced. Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+#ifndef SMALL_SI_H
+#define SMALL_SI_H
+
+// This file isn't used in our code, but illustrates the
+// definitions that are equivalent to Sales_data's
+// synthesized copy control members
+
+#include <string>
+
+class Sales_data {
+public:
+ Sales_data(const std::string & s = ""): bookNo(s),
+ units_sold(0), revenue(0.0) { }
+
+ Sales_data(const std::string &book, unsigned cnt, double price):
+ bookNo(book), units_sold(cnt), revenue(cnt * price) { }
+
+ // equivalent to the synthesized copy constructor
+ Sales_data(const Sales_data &rhs): bookNo(rhs.bookNo),
+ units_sold(rhs.units_sold), revenue(rhs.revenue) { }
+
+ // equivalent to the synthesized destructor
+ // no work to do other than destroying the members,
+ // which happens automatically
+ ~Sales_data() { }
+
+ Sales_data& operator=(const Sales_data &); // assignment operator
+private:
+ std::string bookNo;
+ int units_sold = 0;
+ double revenue = 0.0;
+};
+
+// equivalent to the synthesized copy-assignment operator
+Sales_data&
+Sales_data::operator=(const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ bookNo = rhs.bookNo; // calls the string::operator=
+ units_sold = rhs.units_sold; // uses the built-in int assignment
+ revenue = rhs.revenue; // uses the built-in double assignment
+ return *this; // return a reference to this object
+}
+
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+string::size_type
+position(const string &a, const string &b, const string &c)
+{
+ return (a + b).find(c);
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ string s1 = "a value", s2 = "another";
+ auto x = position(s1, s2, "val");
+ if (x == string::npos)
+ cout << "not found" << endl;
+ else if (x < s1.size())
+ cout << "value is in first parameter" << endl;
+ else
+ cout << "value is in second parameter" << endl;
+
+ auto n = (s1 + s2).find('a');
+ cout << "n = " << n << endl;
+ s1 + s2 = "wow!";
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "StrVec.h"
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+using std::istream;
+
+#include <fstream>
+using std::ifstream;
+
+void print(const StrVec &svec)
+{
+ for (auto it : svec)
+ cout << it << " " ;
+ cout <<endl;
+}
+
+StrVec getVec(istream &is)
+{
+ StrVec svec;
+ string s;
+ while (is >> s)
+ svec.push_back(s);
+ return svec;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ StrVec sv = {"one", "two", "three"};
+ // run the string empty funciton on the first element in sv
+ if (!sv[0].empty())
+ sv[0] = "None"; // assign a new value to the first string
+
+ // we'll call getVec a couple of times
+ // and will read the same file each time
+ ifstream in("data/storyDataFile");
+ StrVec svec = getVec(in);
+ print(svec);
+ in.close();
+
+ cout << "copy " << svec.size() << endl;
+ auto svec2 = svec;
+ print(svec2);
+
+ cout << "assign" << endl;
+ StrVec svec3;
+ svec3 = svec2;
+ print(svec3);
+
+ StrVec v1, v2;
+ v1 = v2; // v2 is an lvalue; copy assignment
+
+ in.open("data/storyDataFile");
+ v2 = getVec(in); // getVec(in) is an rvalue; move assignment
+ in.close();
+
+ StrVec vec; // empty StrVec
+ string s = "some string or another";
+ vec.push_back(s); // calls push_back(const string&)
+ vec.push_back("done"); // calls push_back(string&&)
+
+ // emplace member covered in chpater 16
+ s = "the end";
+ vec.emplace_back(10, 'c'); // adds cccccccccc as a new last element
+ vec.emplace_back(s); // uses the string copy constructor
+ string s1 = "the beginning", s2 = s;
+ vec.emplace_back(s1 + s2); // uses the move constructor
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ add_item add
+ count-size newcount-size
+ count-size fcnobj
+ word_echo readStr
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+#include <string>
+using std::istream; using std::ostream;
+
+Sales_data::Sales_data(istream &is)
+{
+ is >> *this; // read a transaction from is into this object
+}
+
+double Sales_data::avg_price() const
+{
+ if (units_sold)
+ return revenue/units_sold;
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+// member binary operator: left-hand operand is bound to the implicit this pointer
+// assumes that both objects refer to the same book
+Sales_data& Sales_data::operator+=(const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ units_sold += rhs.units_sold;
+ revenue += rhs.revenue;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+// assumes that both objects refer to the same book
+Sales_data
+operator+(const Sales_data &lhs, const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ Sales_data sum = lhs; // copy data members from lhs into sum
+ sum += rhs; // add rhs into sum
+ return sum;
+}
+
+istream &operator>>(istream &is, Sales_data &item)
+{
+ double price; // no need to initialize; we'll read into price before we use it
+ is >> item.bookNo >> item.units_sold >> price;
+ if (is) // check that the inputs succeeded
+ item.revenue = item.units_sold * price;
+ else
+ item = Sales_data(); // input failed: give the object the default state
+ return is;
+}
+
+ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const Sales_data &item)
+{
+ os << item.isbn() << " " << item.units_sold << " "
+ << item.revenue << " " << item.avg_price();
+ return os;
+}
+
+// operators replace these original named functions
+istream &read(istream &is, Sales_data &item)
+{
+ double price = 0;
+ is >> item.bookNo >> item.units_sold >> price;
+ item.revenue = price * item.units_sold;
+ return is;
+}
+ostream &print(ostream &os, const Sales_data &item)
+{
+ os << item.isbn() << " " << item.units_sold << " "
+ << item.revenue << " " << item.avg_price();
+ return os;
+}
+
+Sales_data add(const Sales_data &lhs, const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ Sales_data sum = lhs; // copy data members from lhs into sum
+ sum += rhs; // add rhs into sum
+ return sum;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef SALES_DATA_H
+#define SALES_DATA_H
+
+#include <string>
+#include <iostream>
+
+class Sales_data {
+friend std::ostream &operator<<
+ (std::ostream&, const Sales_data&);
+friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream&, Sales_data&);
+friend bool operator==(const Sales_data &, const Sales_data &);
+
+friend std::ostream &print(std::ostream&, const Sales_data&);
+friend std::istream &read(std::istream&, Sales_data&);
+
+public:
+ // constructors
+ Sales_data() = default;
+ Sales_data(const std::string &s): bookNo(s) { }
+ Sales_data(const std::string &s, unsigned n, double p):
+ bookNo(s), units_sold(n), revenue(p*n) { }
+ Sales_data(std::istream &);
+
+ std::string isbn() const { return bookNo; }
+ Sales_data& operator+=(const Sales_data&);
+private:
+ double avg_price() const;
+ std::string bookNo;
+ unsigned units_sold = 0;
+ double revenue = 0.0;
+};
+
+// non-member Sales_data operations
+inline
+bool compareIsbn(const Sales_data &lhs, const Sales_data &rhs)
+{ return lhs.isbn() < rhs.isbn(); }
+
+inline
+bool operator==(const Sales_data &lhs, const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ return lhs.isbn() == rhs.isbn() &&
+ lhs.units_sold == rhs.units_sold &&
+ lhs.revenue == rhs.revenue;
+}
+inline
+bool operator!=(const Sales_data &lhs, const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ return !(lhs == rhs);
+}
+
+// old versions
+Sales_data add(const Sales_data&, const Sales_data&);
+std::ostream &print(std::ostream&, const Sales_data&);
+std::istream &read(std::istream&, Sales_data&);
+
+// new operator functions
+Sales_data operator+(const Sales_data&, const Sales_data&);
+std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream&, const Sales_data&);
+std::istream &operator>>(std::istream&, Sales_data&);
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::inserter;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::transform;
+
+struct absInt {
+ int operator()(int val) const {
+ return val < 0 ? -val : val;
+ }
+};
+
+int main() {
+ int i = -42;
+ absInt absObj; // object that has a function-call operator
+ unsigned ui = absObj(i); // passes i to absObj.operator()
+ cout << i << " " << ui << endl;
+
+ // store collection of positive and negative integers in vi
+ vector<int> vi;
+ while (cin >> i)
+ vi.push_back(i);
+
+ // call absInt to store the absolute value of those ints in vu
+ vector<unsigned> vu;
+ transform(vi.begin(), vi.end(), back_inserter(vu), absInt());
+
+ // print contents of vu using a lambda
+ for_each(vu.begin(), vu.end(), [](unsigned i) { cout << i << " "; });
+ cout << endl;
+
+ vector<unsigned> vu2;
+ // similar transformation but using a lambda
+ transform(vi.begin(), vi.end(), back_inserter(vu2),
+ [](int i) { return i < 0 ? -i : i; });
+ if (vu == vu2)
+ cout << "as expected" << endl;
+ else {
+ cout << "something's wrong, vectors differ" << endl;
+ for_each(vu.begin(), vu.end(), [](unsigned i) { cout << i << " "; });
+ }
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+#include "Sales_item.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ Sales_item item1, item2;
+ cin >> item1 >> item2; //read a pair of transactions
+ // print the sum of two Sales_items
+ cout << item1 + item2 << endl;
+
+ Sales_data data1, data2;
+ read(read(cin, data1), data2); //read a pair of transactions
+ print(cout, add(data1, data2)); // print the sum of two Sales_datas
+ cout << std::endl;
+
+ cin >> data1 >> data2; // use input operator to read Sales_datas
+ // use operators to print the sum of two Sales_datas
+ cout << data1 + data2 << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl; using std::ostream;
+
+#include <map>
+using std::map;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <functional>
+using std::bind; using std::function;
+using namespace std::placeholders;
+
+// ordinary function
+int add(int i, int j) { return i + j; }
+
+// lambda, which generates an unnamed function-object class
+auto mod = [](int i, int j) { return i % j; };
+
+// function-object class
+// In the first printing we named this struct div, but that name conflicts with
+// the name of a C library function. Compilers are permitted to put
+// C library names in the global namespace. Future printings will
+// change the name of this calss to divide.
+struct divide {
+ int operator()(int denominator, int divisor) {
+ return denominator / divisor;
+ }
+};
+
+int main()
+{
+ function<int(int, int)> f1 = add; // function pointer
+ function<int(int, int)> f2 = divide(); // callable class type
+ function<int(int, int)> f3 = [](int i, int j) // lambda
+ { return i * j; };
+ cout << f1(4,2) << endl; // prints 6
+ cout << f2(4,2) << endl; // prints 2
+ cout << f3(4,2) << endl; // prints 8
+
+ // table of callable objects corresponding to each binary operator
+ // all the callables must take two ints and return an int
+ // an element can be a function pointer, function object, or lambda
+ map<string, function<int(int, int)>> binops = {
+ {"+", add}, // function pointer
+ {"-", std::minus<int>()}, // library function object
+ {"/", divide()}, // user-defined function object
+ {"*", [](int i, int j) { return i * j; }}, // unnamed lambda
+ {"%", mod} }; // named lambda object
+
+ cout << binops["+"](10, 5) << endl; // calls add(10, 5)
+ cout << binops["-"](10, 5) << endl; // uses the call operator of the minus<int> object
+ cout << binops["/"](10, 5) << endl; // uses the call operator of the divide object
+ cout << binops["*"](10, 5) << endl; // calls the lambda function object
+ cout << binops["%"](10, 5) << endl; // calls the lambda function object
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+-42
+65
+-95
+100
+39
+-67
+95
+76
+-88
+76
+83
+92
+76
+-93
+0
--- /dev/null
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
+
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
+
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
+
--- /dev/null
+the quick red fox jumps over the slow red turtle
--- /dev/null
+Now is the time for all good boys
+to come to the aid of the party
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+int main()
+{
+ Sales_data data1, data2;
+ std::cin >> data1 >> data2; // read Sales_data transactions
+ cout << data1 + data2 << endl; // write sum of Sales_data objects
+ cout << 42 + 5 << endl; // write sum of ints
+
+ // equivalent calls to a nonmember operator function
+ data1 + data2; // normal expression
+ operator+(data1, data2); // equivalent function call
+ cout << operator+(data1, data2) << endl;
+
+ data1 += data2; // expression-based ``call''
+ data1.operator+=(data2); // equivalent call to a member operator function
+ cout << data1 << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <functional>
+using std::plus; using std::negate;
+using std::function; using std::placeholders::_1;
+using std::bind; using std::less_equal;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::count_if;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+bool size_compare(const string &s, string::size_type sz)
+{
+ return s.size() >= sz;
+}
+
+int main() {
+
+ cout << plus<int>()(3,4) << endl; // prints 7
+
+ plus<int> intAdd; // object that can add two int values
+ negate<int> intNegate; // object that can negate an int value
+
+ // uses intAdd::operator(int, int) to add 10 and 20
+ int sum = intAdd(10, 20); // equivalent to sum = 30
+ cout << sum << endl;
+
+ sum = intNegate(intAdd(10, 20)); // equivalent to sum = -30
+ cout << sum << endl;
+
+ // uses intNegate::operator(int) to generate -10
+ // as the second argument to intAdd::operator(int, int)
+ sum = intAdd(10, intNegate(10)); // sum = 0
+
+ cout << sum << endl;
+
+ vector<int> vec = {0,1,2,3,4,5,16,17,18,19};
+
+ // bind second argument to less_equal
+ cout << count_if(vec.begin(), vec.end(),
+ bind(less_equal<int>(), _1, 10));
+ cout << endl;
+
+ vector<string> svec;
+ string in;
+ while (cin >> in)
+ svec.push_back(in);
+
+ function<decltype(size_compare)> fp1 = size_compare;
+
+ //decltype(fp1)::result_type ret;
+ function<bool(const string&)> fp2 = bind(size_compare, _1, 6);
+ cout << count_if(svec.begin(), svec.end(), fp2)
+ << endl;
+ cout << count_if(svec.begin(), svec.end(),
+ bind(size_compare, _1, 6))
+ << endl;
+
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = absInt.exe add.exe calc.exe directcall.exe \
+ fcnobj.exe newcount-size.exe readStr.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+LOCFLAGS = -I../1 -I../6
+
+add.o directcall.o Sales_data.o: Sales_data.h
+
+add.exe: add.o Sales_data.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) add.o Sales_data.o -o add.exe
+
+directcall.exe: directcall.o Sales_data.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) directcall.o Sales_data.o -o directcall.exe
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "make_plural.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cerr; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+using std::ostream;
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::for_each; using std::find_if; using std::stable_sort;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <fstream>
+using std::ifstream;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+// comparison function to be used to sort by word length
+bool isShorter(const string &s1, const string &s2)
+{
+ return s1.size() < s2.size();
+}
+
+// determine whether a length of a given word is 6 or more
+bool GT(const string &s, string::size_type m)
+{
+ return s.size() >= m;
+}
+
+class SizeComp {
+public:
+ SizeComp() = delete; // no default constructor
+ SizeComp &operator=(const SizeComp&) = delete; // no assignment
+ ~SizeComp() = default;
+
+ // constructor with a parameter for each captured variable
+ SizeComp(size_t n): sz(n) { }
+
+ // call operator with the same return type,
+ // parameters, and body as the lambda
+ bool operator()(const string &s) const { return s.size() >= sz; }
+private:
+ size_t sz; // a data member for each variable captured by value
+};
+
+class PrintString {
+public:
+ PrintString() = delete; // no default constructor
+ PrintString(ostream &o) : os(o) { }
+ void operator()(const string &s) const { os << s << " "; }
+private:
+ ostream &os;
+};
+
+class ShorterString {
+public:
+ bool operator()(const string &s1, const string &s2) const
+ { return s1.size() < s2.size(); }
+};
+
+void elimDups(vector<string> &words)
+{
+ // sort words alphabetically so we can find the duplicates
+ sort(words.begin(), words.end());
+
+ // print the sorted contents
+ for_each(words.begin(), words.end(), PrintString(cerr));
+ cerr << endl;
+
+ // unique reorders the input so that each word appears once in the
+ // front part of the range
+ // returns an iterator one past the unique range;
+ auto end_unique = unique(words.begin(), words.end());
+
+ // erase uses a vector operation to remove the nonunique elements
+ words.erase(end_unique, words.end());
+
+ // print the reduced vector
+ for_each(words.begin(), words.end(), PrintString(cerr));
+ cerr << endl;
+}
+
+void biggies(vector<string> &words, vector<string>::size_type sz)
+{
+ elimDups(words); // puts words in alphabetic order and removes duplicates
+
+ // sort words by size using object of type ShorterString
+ // maintaining alphabetic order for words of the same size
+ stable_sort(words.begin(), words.end(), ShorterString());
+
+ // use object of type SizeComp to find
+ // the first element whose size() is >= sz
+ auto wc = find_if(words.begin(), words.end(), SizeComp(sz));
+
+ // compute the number of elements with size >= sz
+ auto count = words.end() - wc;
+
+ // print results
+ cout << count << " " << make_plural(count, "word", "s")
+ << " " << sz << " characters or longer" << endl;
+
+ // use object of type PrintString
+ // to print the contents of words, each one followed by a space
+ for_each(wc, words.end(), PrintString(cout));
+ cout << endl;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<string> words;
+
+ // copy contents of each book into a single vector
+ string next_word;
+ while (cin >> next_word) {
+ // insert next book's contents at end of words
+ words.push_back(next_word);
+ }
+
+ biggies(words, 6);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::for_each;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl; using std::cerr;
+using std::istream; using std::ostream;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+class PrintString {
+public:
+ PrintString(ostream &o = cout, char c = ' '):
+ os(o), sep(c) { }
+ void operator()(const string &s) const { os << s << sep; }
+private:
+ ostream &os; // stream on which to write
+ char sep; // character to print after each output
+};
+
+class ReadLine {
+public:
+ ReadLine() = delete;
+ ReadLine(istream &i) : is(i) { }
+ bool operator()(string &s) const { return getline(is, s); }
+private:
+ istream &is;
+};
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<string> vs;
+ ReadLine rl(cin); // object that read lines from cin
+ string s;
+ while (rl(s)) // store what rl reads into s
+ vs.push_back(s);
+
+ cout << "read : " << vs.size() << " elements" << endl;
+ PrintString printer; // uses the defaults; prints to cout
+ printer(s); // prints s followed by a space on cout
+
+ PrintString errors(cerr, '\n');
+ errors(s); // prints s followed by a newline on cerr
+
+ cerr << "for_each printing to cerr" << endl;
+ for_each(vs.begin(), vs.end(), PrintString(cerr, '\n'));
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+echo "absInt:" && ./absInt.exe < data/absInt
+echo "add: " && ./add.exe < data/add_item
+echo "fcnobj: " && ./fcnobj.exe < data/count-size
+echo "directcall: " && ./directcall.exe < data/add_item
+echo "newcount-size: " && ./newcount-size.exe < data/count-size
+echo "readStr: " && ./readStr.exe < data/word_echo
+
+../noinput calc.exe
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Quote.h"
+#include "Basket.h"
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <set>
+using std::multiset;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::ostream; using std::endl;
+using std::cout;
+
+// debugging routine to check contents in a Basket
+void Basket::display(ostream &os) const
+{
+ os << "Basket size: " << items.size() << endl;
+
+ // print each distinct ISBN in the Basket along with
+ // count of how many copies are ordered and what their price will be
+ // upper_bound returns an iterator to the next item in the set
+ for (auto next_item = items.cbegin();
+ next_item != items.cend();
+ next_item = items.upper_bound(*next_item))
+ {
+ // we know there's at least one element with this key in the Basket
+ os << (*next_item)->isbn() << " occurs "
+ << items.count(*next_item) << " times"
+ << " for a price of "
+ << (*next_item)->net_price(items.count(*next_item))
+ << endl;
+ }
+}
+
+double Basket::total_receipt(ostream &os) const
+{
+ double sum = 0.0; // holds the running total
+
+
+ // iter refers to the first element in a batch of elements with the same ISBN
+ // upper_bound returns an iterator to the element just past the end of that batch
+ for (auto iter = items.cbegin();
+ iter != items.cend();
+ iter = items.upper_bound(*iter)) {
+ // we know there's at least one element with this key in the Basket
+ // print the line item for this book
+ sum += print_total(os, **iter, items.count(*iter));
+ }
+ os << "Total Sale: " << sum << endl; // print the final overall total
+ return sum;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef BASKET_H
+#define BASKET_H
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <set>
+#include <map>
+#include <utility>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <memory>
+#include "Quote.h"
+
+// holds items being purchased
+class Basket {
+public:
+ // Basket uses synthesized default constructor and copy-control members
+ void add_item(const std::shared_ptr<Quote> &sale)
+ { items.insert(sale); }
+
+ void add_item(const Quote& sale) // copy the given object
+ { items.insert(std::shared_ptr<Quote>(sale.clone())); }
+
+ void add_item(Quote&& sale) // move the given object
+ { items.insert(
+ std::shared_ptr<Quote>(std::move(sale).clone())); }
+
+ // prints the total price for each book
+ // and the overall total for all items in the basket
+ double total_receipt(std::ostream&) const;
+
+ // for debugging purposes, prints contents of the basket
+ void display (std::ostream&) const;
+private:
+ // function to compare shared_ptrs needed by the multiset member
+ static bool compare(const std::shared_ptr<Quote> &lhs,
+ const std::shared_ptr<Quote> &rhs)
+ { return lhs->isbn() < rhs->isbn(); }
+
+ // multiset to hold multiple quotes, ordered by the compare member
+ std::multiset<std::shared_ptr<Quote>, decltype(compare)*>
+ items{compare};
+};
+
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <memory>
+using std::shared_ptr; using std::make_shared;
+#include "Basket.h"
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ Basket sale;
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Quote("123", 45)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Quote("123", 45)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Quote("123", 45)));
+ sale.add_item(make_shared<Bulk_quote>("345", 45, 3, .15));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("345", 45, 3, .15)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("345", 45, 3, .15)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("345", 45, 3, .15)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("345", 45, 3, .15)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("345", 45, 3, .15)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("345", 45, 3, .15)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("345", 45, 3, .15)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("678", 55, 5, .25)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("678", 55, 5, .25)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("678", 55, 5, .25)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("678", 55, 5, .25)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("678", 55, 5, .25)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("678", 55, 5, .25)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("678", 55, 5, .25)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("678", 55, 5, .25)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Lim_quote("abc", 35, 2, .10)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Lim_quote("abc", 35, 2, .10)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Lim_quote("abc", 35, 2, .10)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Lim_quote("abc", 35, 2, .10)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Lim_quote("abc", 35, 2, .10)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Lim_quote("abc", 35, 2, .10)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Quote("def", 35)));
+ sale.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Quote("def", 35)));
+
+ sale.total_receipt(cout);
+
+ Basket bsk;
+ // arguments are the ISBN, price, minimum quantity, and discount
+ bsk.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("0-201-82470-1", 50, 5, .19)));
+ bsk.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("0-201-82470-1", 50, 5, .19)));
+ bsk.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("0-201-82470-1", 50, 5, .19)));
+ bsk.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("0-201-82470-1", 50, 5, .19)));
+ bsk.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Bulk_quote("0-201-82470-1", 50, 5, .19)));
+ bsk.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Lim_quote("0-201-54848-8", 35, 2, .10)));
+ bsk.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Lim_quote("0-201-54848-8", 35, 2, .10)));
+ bsk.add_item(shared_ptr<Quote>(new Lim_quote("0-201-54848-8", 35, 2, .10)));
+ bsk.total_receipt(cout);
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Query.h"
+#include "TextQuery.h"
+
+#include <memory>
+using std::shared_ptr; using std::make_shared;
+
+#include <set>
+using std::set;
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::set_intersection;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::ostream;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::inserter;
+
+// returns the lines not in its operand's result set
+QueryResult
+NotQuery::eval(const TextQuery& text) const
+{
+ // virtual call to eval through the Query operand
+ auto result = query.eval(text);
+
+ // start out with an empty result set
+ auto ret_lines = make_shared<set<line_no>>();
+
+ // we have to iterate through the lines on which our operand appears
+ auto beg = result.begin(), end = result.end();
+
+ // for each line in the input file, if that line is not in result,
+ // add that line number to ret_lines
+ auto sz = result.get_file()->size();
+ for (size_t n = 0; n != sz; ++n) {
+ // if we haven't processed all the lines in result
+ // check whether this line is present
+ if (beg == end || *beg != n)
+ ret_lines->insert(n); // if not in result, add this line
+ else if (beg != end)
+ ++beg; // otherwise get the next line number in result if there is one
+ }
+ return QueryResult(rep(), ret_lines, result.get_file());
+}
+
+// returns the intersection of its operands' result sets
+QueryResult
+AndQuery::eval(const TextQuery& text) const
+{
+ // virtual calls through the Query operands to get result sets for the operands
+ auto left = lhs.eval(text), right = rhs.eval(text);
+
+ // set to hold the intersection of left and right
+ auto ret_lines = make_shared<set<line_no>>();
+
+ // writes the intersection of two ranges to a destination iterator
+ // destination iterator in this call adds elements to ret
+ set_intersection(left.begin(), left.end(),
+ right.begin(), right.end(),
+ inserter(*ret_lines, ret_lines->begin()));
+ return QueryResult(rep(), ret_lines, left.get_file());
+}
+
+// returns the union of its operands' result sets
+QueryResult
+OrQuery::eval(const TextQuery& text) const
+{
+ // virtual calls through the Query members, lhs and rhs
+ // the calls to eval return the QueryResult for each operand
+ auto right = rhs.eval(text), left = lhs.eval(text);
+
+ // copy the line numbers from the left-hand operand into the result set
+ auto ret_lines =
+ make_shared<set<line_no>>(left.begin(), left.end());
+
+ // insert lines from the right-hand operand
+ ret_lines->insert(right.begin(), right.end());
+ // return the new QueryResult representing the union of lhs and rhs
+ return QueryResult(rep(), ret_lines, left.get_file());
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef QUERY_H
+#define QUERY_H
+#include "TextQuery.h"
+#include <string>
+#include <set>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <memory>
+
+// abstract class acts as a base class for concrete query types; all members are private
+class Query_base {
+ friend class Query;
+protected:
+ using line_no = TextQuery::line_no; // used in the eval functions
+ virtual ~Query_base() = default;
+private:
+ // eval returns the QueryResult that matches this Query
+ virtual QueryResult eval(const TextQuery&) const = 0;
+ // rep is a string representation of the query
+ virtual std::string rep() const = 0;
+};
+
+// interface class to manage the Query_base inheritance hierarchy
+class Query {
+ // these operators need access to the shared_ptr constructor
+ friend Query operator~(const Query &);
+ friend Query operator|(const Query&, const Query&);
+ friend Query operator&(const Query&, const Query&);
+public:
+ Query(const std::string&); // builds a new WordQuery
+
+ // interface functions: call the corresponding Query_base operations
+ QueryResult eval(const TextQuery &t) const
+ { return q->eval(t); }
+ std::string rep() const { return q->rep(); }
+private:
+ Query(std::shared_ptr<Query_base> query): q(query) { }
+ std::shared_ptr<Query_base> q;
+};
+inline
+std::ostream &
+operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Query &query)
+{
+ // Query::rep makes a virtual call through its Query_base pointer to rep()
+ return os << query.rep();
+}
+
+class WordQuery: public Query_base {
+ friend class Query; // Query uses the WordQuery constructor
+ WordQuery(const std::string &s): query_word(s) { }
+
+ // concrete class: WordQuery defines all inherited pure virtual functions
+ QueryResult eval(const TextQuery &t) const
+ { return t.query(query_word); }
+ std::string rep() const { return query_word; }
+ std::string query_word; // word for which to search
+};
+
+inline
+Query::Query(const std::string &s): q(new WordQuery(s)) { }
+
+class NotQuery: public Query_base {
+ friend Query operator~(const Query &);
+ NotQuery(const Query &q): query(q) { }
+
+ // concrete class: NotQuery defines all inherited pure virtual functions
+ std::string rep() const {return "~(" + query.rep() + ")";}
+ QueryResult eval(const TextQuery&) const;
+ Query query;
+};
+
+class BinaryQuery: public Query_base {
+protected:
+ BinaryQuery(const Query &l, const Query &r, std::string s):
+ lhs(l), rhs(r), opSym(s) { }
+
+ // abstract class: BinaryQuery doesn't define eval
+ std::string rep() const { return "(" + lhs.rep() + " "
+ + opSym + " "
+ + rhs.rep() + ")"; }
+
+ Query lhs, rhs; // right- and left-hand operands
+ std::string opSym; // name of the operator
+};
+
+class AndQuery: public BinaryQuery {
+ friend Query operator&(const Query&, const Query&);
+ AndQuery(const Query &left, const Query &right):
+ BinaryQuery(left, right, "&") { }
+
+ // concrete class: AndQuery inherits rep and defines the remaining pure virtual
+ QueryResult eval(const TextQuery&) const;
+};
+
+class OrQuery: public BinaryQuery {
+ friend Query operator|(const Query&, const Query&);
+ OrQuery(const Query &left, const Query &right):
+ BinaryQuery(left, right, "|") { }
+
+ QueryResult eval(const TextQuery&) const;
+};
+
+inline Query operator&(const Query &lhs, const Query &rhs)
+{
+ return std::shared_ptr<Query_base>(new AndQuery(lhs, rhs));
+}
+
+inline Query operator|(const Query &lhs, const Query &rhs)
+{
+ return std::shared_ptr<Query_base>(new OrQuery(lhs, rhs));
+}
+
+inline Query operator~(const Query &operand)
+{
+ return std::shared_ptr<Query_base>(new NotQuery(operand));
+}
+
+std::ifstream& open_file(std::ifstream&, const std::string&);
+TextQuery get_file(int, char**);
+bool get_word(std::string&);
+bool get_words(std::string&, std::string&);
+std::ostream &print(std::ostream&, const QueryResult&);
+
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Quote.h"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::min;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::ostream; using std::endl;
+using std::cout;
+
+// calculate and print the price for the given number of copies, applying any discounts
+double print_total(ostream &os,
+ const Quote &item, size_t n)
+{
+ // depending on the type of the object bound to the item parameter
+ // calls either Quote::net_price or Bulk_quote::net_price
+ double ret = item.net_price(n);
+ os << "ISBN: " << item.isbn() // calls Quote::isbn
+ << " # sold: " << n << " total due: " << ret << endl;
+ return ret;
+}
+
+// if the specified number of items are purchased, use the discounted price
+double Bulk_quote::net_price(size_t cnt) const
+{
+ if (cnt >= quantity)
+ return cnt * (1 - discount) * price;
+ else
+ return cnt * price;
+}
+
+// use discounted price for up to a specified number of items
+// additional items priced at normal, undiscounted price
+double Lim_quote::net_price(size_t cnt) const
+{
+ size_t discounted = min(cnt, quantity);
+ size_t undiscounted = cnt - discounted;
+ return discounted * (1 - discount) * price
+ + undiscounted * price;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef QUOTE_H
+#define QUOTE_H
+
+#include "Version_test.h"
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <cstddef>
+
+// Item sold at an undiscounted price
+// derived classes will define various discount strategies
+class Quote {
+friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream&, Quote&);
+friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, const Quote&);
+public:
+ Quote() = default;
+ Quote(const std::string &book, double sales_price):
+ bookNo(book), price(sales_price) { }
+
+ // virtual destructor needed
+ // if a base pointer pointing to a derived object is deleted
+ virtual ~Quote() = default; // dynamic binding for the destructor
+
+ std::string isbn() const { return bookNo; }
+
+ // returns the total sales price for the specified number of items
+ // derived classes will override and apply different discount algorithms
+ virtual double net_price(std::size_t n) const
+ { return n * price; }
+
+ // virtual function to return a dynamically allocated copy of itself
+
+#ifdef REFMEMS
+ virtual Quote* clone() const & {return new Quote(*this);}
+ virtual Quote* clone() && {return new Quote(std::move(*this));}
+#else
+ // without reference qualification on member functions
+ // we can't overloaded on rvalue reference and const lvalue reference
+ // so for now we just implement a single version that copies itself
+ virtual Quote* clone() const {return new Quote(*this);}
+#endif
+private:
+ std::string bookNo; // ISBN number of this item
+protected:
+ double price = 0.0; // normal, undiscounted price
+};
+
+// abstract base class to hold the discount rate and quantity
+// derived classes will implement pricing strategies using these data
+class Disc_quote : public Quote {
+public:
+ // other members as before
+ Disc_quote() = default;
+ Disc_quote(const std::string& book, double price,
+ std::size_t qty, double disc):
+ Quote(book, price),
+ quantity(qty), discount(disc) { }
+
+ double net_price(std::size_t) const = 0;
+
+ std::pair<size_t, double> discount_policy() const
+ { return {quantity, discount}; }
+protected:
+ std::size_t quantity = 0; // purchase size for the discount to apply
+ double discount = 0.0; // fractional discount to apply
+};
+
+// the discount kicks in when a specified number of copies of the same book are sold
+// the discount is expressed as a fraction used to reduce the normal price
+
+class Bulk_quote : public Disc_quote { // Bulk_quote inherits from Quote
+public:
+ Bulk_quote() = default;
+ Bulk_quote(const std::string& book, double p,
+ std::size_t qty, double disc) :
+ Disc_quote(book, p, qty, disc) { }
+
+ // overrides the base version in order to implement the bulk purchase discount policy
+ double net_price(std::size_t) const override;
+
+#ifdef REFMEMS
+ Bulk_quote* clone() const & {return new Bulk_quote(*this);}
+ Bulk_quote* clone() && {return new Bulk_quote(std::move(*this));}
+#else
+ Bulk_quote* clone() const {return new Bulk_quote(*this);}
+#endif
+};
+
+// discount (a fraction off list) for only a specified number of copies,
+// additional copies sold at standard price
+class Lim_quote : public Disc_quote {
+public:
+ Lim_quote(const std::string& book = "",
+ double sales_price = 0.0,
+ std::size_t qty = 0, double disc_rate = 0.0):
+ Disc_quote(book, sales_price, qty, disc_rate) { }
+
+ // overrides base version so as to implement limited discount policy
+ double net_price(std::size_t) const;
+
+#ifdef REFMEMS
+ Lim_quote* clone() const & { return new Lim_quote(*this); }
+ Lim_quote* clone() && { return new Lim_quote(std::move(*this)); }
+#else
+ Lim_quote* clone() const { return new Lim_quote(*this); }
+#endif
+};
+
+double print_total(std::ostream &, const Quote&, std::size_t);
+
+#endif
+
--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ storyDatafile andQueryTest
+ storyDatafile and_orQueryTest
+ storyDatafile wordQueryTest
+ two andQueryTest
+ three and_orQueryTest
+ querymain wordQueryTest
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Query.h"
+#include "TextQuery.h"
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <set>
+using std::set;
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ // gets file to read and builds map to support queries
+ TextQuery file = get_file(argc, argv);
+
+ do {
+ string sought1, sought2;
+ // stop if hit eof on input or a "q" is entered
+ if (!get_words(sought1, sought2)) break;
+
+ // find all the occurrences of the requested string
+ Query andq = Query(sought1) & Query(sought2);
+ cout << "\nExecuting query for: " << andq << endl;
+ auto results = andq.eval(file);
+ // report matches
+ print(cout, results);
+
+ results = Query(sought1).eval(file);
+ cout << "\nExecuted query: " << Query(sought1) << endl;
+ // report matches
+ print(cout, results);
+
+ results = Query(sought2).eval(file);
+ cout << "\nExecuted query: " << Query(sought2) << endl;
+ // report matches
+ print(cout, results);
+ } while(true);
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Query.h"
+#include "TextQuery.h"
+#include <string>
+#include <set>
+#include <iostream>
+
+using std::set;
+using std::string;
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::cerr;
+using std::endl;
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ // gets file to read and builds map to support queries
+ TextQuery file = get_file(argc, argv);
+
+ // iterate with the user: prompt for a word to find and print results
+ while (true) {
+ string sought1, sought2, sought3;
+ if (!get_words(sought1, sought2)) break;
+ cout << "\nenter third word: " ;
+ cin >> sought3;
+ // find all the occurrences of the requested string
+ Query q = Query(sought1) & Query(sought2)
+ | Query(sought3);
+ cout << "\nExecuting Query for: " << q << endl;
+ const auto results = q.eval(file);
+ // report matches
+ print(cout, results);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+Alice
+container
+Daddy
--- /dev/null
+Alice Emma has long flowing red hair.
+Her Daddy says when the wind blows
+through her hair, it looks almost alive,
+like a fiery bird in flight.
+A beautiful fiery bird, he tells her,
+magical but untamed.
+"Daddy, shush, there is no such thing,"
+she tells him, at the same time wanting
+him to tell her more.
+Shyly, she asks, "I mean, Daddy, is there?"
--- /dev/null
+fiery
+bird
+wind
--- /dev/null
+hair
+Alice
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Query.h"
+#include "TextQuery.h"
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::cin;
+
+#include <fstream>
+using std::ifstream;
+
+#include <stdexcept>
+using std::runtime_error;
+
+// these functions are declared in Query.h
+TextQuery get_file(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ // get a file to read from which user will query words
+ ifstream infile;
+ if (argc == 2)
+ infile.open(argv[1]);
+ if (!infile) {
+ throw runtime_error("No input file!");
+ }
+
+ return TextQuery(infile); // builds query map
+}
+
+bool get_word(string &s1)
+{
+ cout << "enter a word to search for, or q to quit: ";
+ cin >> s1;
+ if (!cin || s1 == "q") return false;
+ else return true;
+}
+
+bool get_words(string &s1, string &s2)
+{
+
+ // iterate with the user: prompt for a word to find and print results
+ cout << "enter two words to search for, or q to quit: ";
+ cin >> s1;
+
+ // stop if hit eof on input or a "q" is entered
+ if (!cin || s1 == "q") return false;
+ cin >> s2;
+ return true;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = andQueryTest.exe and_orQueryTest.exe \
+ Basket_main.exe wordQueryTest.exe \
+ sample.exe scope.exe useQuote.exe \
+ vecBasket.exe virtualsNscope.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+LOCFLAGS = -I../12 -I../6
+
+sample.o useQuote.o Quote.o: Quote.h
+vecBasket.o Basket_main.o Basket.o: Basket.h Quote.h
+
+get_print.o andQueryTest.o and_orQueryTest.o \
+wordQueryTest.o Query.o: Query.h ../12/TextQuery.h
+
+wordQueryTest.exe: Query.o wordQueryTest.o ../12/TextQuery.o get_print.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) Query.o wordQueryTest.o \
+ ../12/TextQuery.o get_print.o -o wordQueryTest.exe
+
+andQueryTest.exe: Query.o andQueryTest.o ../12/TextQuery.o get_print.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) Query.o andQueryTest.o \
+ ../12/TextQuery.o get_print.o -o andQueryTest.exe
+
+and_orQueryTest.exe: Query.o and_orQueryTest.o ../12/TextQuery.o get_print.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) Query.o and_orQueryTest.o \
+ ../12/TextQuery.o get_print.o -o and_orQueryTest.exe
+
+useQuote.exe: useQuote.o Quote.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) useQuote.o Quote.o -o useQuote.exe
+
+vecBasket.exe: Basket.o vecBasket.o Quote.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) vecBasket.o Basket.o Quote.o \
+ -o vecBasket.exe
+
+Basket_main.exe: Basket.o Basket_main.o Quote.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) Basket_main.o Basket.o Quote.o \
+ -o Basket_main.exe
+
+sample.exe: sample.o Quote.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) sample.o Quote.o -o sample.exe
+
--- /dev/null
+echo "andQueryTest: " && ./andQueryTest.exe data/storyDataFile < data/two
+echo "and_orQueryTest: " && ./and_orQueryTest.exe data/storyDataFile < data/three
+echo "wordQueryTest: " && ./wordQueryTest.exe data/storyDataFile < data/querymain
+
+../noinput Basket_main.exe sample.exe \
+ scope.exe useQuote.exe vecBasket.exe \
+ virtualsNscope.exe
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+using std::cout;
+using std::endl;
+#include "Quote.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ Quote basic("0-201-54848-8", 45);
+ Bulk_quote bulk("0-201-82470-1", 45, 3, .15);
+
+ // basic has type Quote; bulk has type Bulk_quote
+ print_total(cout, basic, 20); // calls Quote version of net_price
+ print_total(cout, bulk, 20); // calls Bulk_quote version of net_price
+ Quote base("0-201-82470-1", 50);
+ Bulk_quote derived("0-201-82470-1", 50, 5, .19);
+ cout << derived.net_price(20); // calls Bulk_quote::net_price
+ cout << endl;
+
+ base = derived; // copies the Quote part of derived into base
+ cout << base.net_price(20); // calls Quote::net_price
+ cout << endl;
+
+ Quote &item = derived; // dynamic and static types of item differ
+ cout << item.net_price(20); // calls Bulk_quote::net_price
+
+ item.isbn(); // isbn is not virtual, calls Bulk::isbn
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+struct Base {
+ Base(): mem(0) { }
+protected:
+ int mem;
+};
+
+struct Derived : Base {
+ Derived(int i): mem(i) { } // initializes Derived::mem to i
+ // Base::mem is default initialized
+ int get_mem() { return mem; } // returns Derived::mem
+ int get_base_mem() { return Base::mem; }
+ // . . .
+protected:
+ int mem; // hides mem in the base
+};
+
+int main()
+{
+ Derived d(42);
+ cout << d.get_mem() << endl; // prints 42
+ cout << d.get_base_mem() << endl; // prints 0
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::ostream;
+
+#include "Quote.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ Quote base("0-201-82470-1", 50);
+ print_total(cout, base, 10); // calls Quote::net_price
+
+ Bulk_quote derived("0-201-82470-1", 50, 5, .19);
+ print_total(cout, derived, 10); // calls Bulk_quote::net_price
+
+ Quote *baseP = &derived;
+
+ // calls the version from the base class
+ // regardless of the dynamic type of baseP
+ double undiscounted = baseP->Quote::net_price(42);
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <memory>
+using std::shared_ptr; using std::make_shared;
+
+#include "Quote.h"
+
+int main ()
+{
+ Quote base("0-201-82470-1", 50);
+ Bulk_quote bulk("0-201-54848-8", 50, 10, .25);
+
+ // ok: but probably not what is wanted---
+ // the objects in basket have no derived members
+ vector<Quote> basket;
+ basket.push_back(Quote("0-201-82470-1", 50));
+
+ // ok, but copies only the Quote part of the object into basket
+ basket.push_back(Bulk_quote("0-201-54848-8", 50, 10, .25));
+
+ // calls version defined by Quote, prints 750, i.e., 15 * $50
+ cout << basket.back().net_price(15) << endl;
+
+ // better approach---store shared_ptrs
+ vector<shared_ptr<Quote>> basket2;
+
+ basket2.push_back(make_shared<Quote>("0-201-82470-1", 50));
+ basket2.push_back(
+ make_shared<Bulk_quote>("0-201-54848-8", 50, 10, .25));
+
+ // calls the version defined by Quote;
+ // prints 562.5, i.e., 15 * $50 less the discount
+ cout << basket2.back()->net_price(15) << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+class Base {
+public:
+ virtual int fcn();
+};
+
+int Base::fcn() { cout << "Base::fcn()" << endl; return 0; }
+
+class D1 : public Base {
+public:
+ // hides fcn in the base; this fcn is not virtual
+ // D1 inherits the definition of Base::fcn()
+ int fcn(int); // parameter list differs from fcn in Base
+ virtual void f2(); // new virtual function that does not exist in Base
+};
+
+int D1::fcn(int) { cout << "D1::fcn(int)" << endl; return 0; }
+void D1::f2() { cout << "D1::f2()" << endl; }
+
+class D2 final : public D1 {
+public:
+ int fcn(int); // nonvirtual function hides D1::fcn(int)
+ int fcn(); // overrides virtual fcn from Base
+ void f2(); // overrides virtual f2 from D1
+};
+
+int D2::fcn(int) { cout << "D2::fcn(int)" << endl; return 0; }
+int D2::fcn() { cout << "D2::fcn()" << endl; return 0; }
+void D2::f2() { cout << "D2::f2()" << endl; }
+
+int main()
+{
+ D1 dobj, *dp = &dobj;
+ dp->fcn(42); // ok: static call to D1::fcn(int)
+
+ Base bobj; D1 d1obj; D2 d2obj;
+
+ Base *bp1 = &bobj, *bp2 = &d1obj, *bp3 = &d2obj;
+ bp1->fcn(); // virtual call, will call Base::fcn at run time
+ bp2->fcn(); // virtual call, will call Base::fcn at run time
+ bp3->fcn(); // virtual call, will call D2::fcn at run time
+
+ D1 *d1p = &d1obj; D2 *d2p = &d2obj;
+ d1p->f2(); // virtual call, will call D1::f2() at run time
+ d2p->f2(); // virtual call, will call D2::f2() at run time
+ Base *p1 = &d2obj; D1 *p2 = &d2obj; D2 *p3 = &d2obj;
+ p2->fcn(42); // statically bound, calls D1::fcn(int)
+ p3->fcn(42); // statically bound, calls D2::fcn(int)
+
+ Base* bp = &d1obj; D1 *dp1 = &d2obj; D2 *dp2 = &d2obj;
+ dp1->fcn(10); // static call to D1::fcn(int)
+ dp2->fcn(10); // static call to D2::fcn(int)
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Query.h"
+#include "TextQuery.h"
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include <set>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <cctype>
+#include <cstring>
+
+using std::set;
+using std::string;
+using std::map;
+using std::vector;
+using std::cerr;
+using std::cout;
+using std::cin;
+using std::ifstream;
+using std::endl;
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ TextQuery file = get_file(argc, argv);
+
+ // iterate with the user: prompt for a word to find and print results
+ do {
+ string sought;
+ if (!get_word(sought)) break;
+
+ // find all the occurrences of the requested string
+ // define synonym for the line_no set
+ Query name(sought);
+ const auto results = name.eval(file);
+ cout << "\nExecuting Query for: " << name << endl;
+
+ // report no matches
+ print(cout, results) << endl;
+ } while (true); // loop indefinitely; the exit is inside the loop
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::begin; using std::end;
+
+#include <list>
+using std::list;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <initializer_list>
+using std::initializer_list;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include "Blob.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ Blob<int> ia; // empty Blob<int>
+ Blob<int> ia2 = {0,1,2,3,4}; // Blob<int> with five elements
+ vector<int> v1(10, 0); // ten elements initialized to 0
+ Blob<int> ia3(v1.begin(), v1.end()); // copy elements from v1
+ cout << ia << "\n" << ia2 << "\n" << ia3 << endl;
+
+ // these definitions instantiate two distinct Blob types
+ Blob<string> names; // Blob that holds strings
+ Blob<double> prices;// different element type
+
+ // instantiates Blob<string> class and its
+ // initializer_list<const char*> constructor
+ Blob<string> articles = {"a", "an", "the"}; // three elements
+
+ // instantiates Blob<int> and the initializer_list<int> constructor
+ Blob<int> squares = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+
+ // instantiates Blob<int>::size() const
+ cout << squares << endl;
+ for (size_t i = 0; i != squares.size(); ++i)
+ squares[i] = i*i; // instantiates Blob<int>::operator[](size_t)
+ cout << squares << endl;
+
+ // instantiates the Blob<int> constructor that has
+ // two vector<long>::iterator parameters
+ vector<long> vl = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+ Blob<int> a1(vl.begin(), vl.end()); // copy from a vector
+
+ // instantiates the Blob<int> class
+ // and the Blob<int> constructor that has two int* parameters
+ int arr[] = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+ Blob<int> a2(begin(arr), end(arr)); // copy from an array
+
+ list<int> li(10, 0); // 10 elements all zeros
+ Blob<int> zeros(li.begin(), li.end()); // copy from a list
+
+ cout << a1 << "\n" << zeros << endl;
+
+ a1.swap(zeros);
+ cout << a1 << "\n" << zeros << endl;
+
+ list<const char*> w = {"now", "is", "the", "time"};
+
+ // instantiates the Blob<string> class and the Blob<string>
+ // constructor that has two (list<const char*>::iterator parameters
+ Blob<string> a3(w.begin(), w.end()); // copy from a list
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef BLOB_H
+#define BLOB_H
+
+#include <iterator>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <initializer_list>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <utility>
+#include <memory>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <stdexcept>
+
+// forward declarations needed for friend declarations in Blob
+template <typename> class BlobPtr;
+template <typename> class Blob; // needed for parameters in operator==
+template <typename T>
+ bool operator==(const Blob<T>&, const Blob<T>&);
+
+template <typename T> class Blob {
+ // each instantiation of Blob grants access to the version of
+ // BlobPtr and the equality operator instantiated with the same type
+ friend class BlobPtr<T>;
+ friend bool operator==<T>
+ (const Blob<T>&, const Blob<T>&);
+public:
+ typedef T value_type;
+ typedef typename std::vector<T>::size_type size_type;
+
+ // constructors
+ Blob();
+ Blob(std::initializer_list<T> il);
+ template <typename It> Blob(It b, It e);
+ Blob(T*, std::size_t);
+
+ // return BlobPtr to the first and one past the last elements
+ BlobPtr<T> begin() { return BlobPtr<T>(*this); }
+ BlobPtr<T> end()
+ { auto ret = BlobPtr<T>(*this, data->size());
+ return ret; }
+
+ // number of elements in the Blob
+ size_type size() const { return data->size(); }
+ bool empty() const { return data->empty(); }
+
+ // add and remove elements
+ void push_back(const T &t) {data->push_back(t);}
+ void push_back(T &&t) { data->push_back(std::move(t)); }
+ void pop_back();
+
+ // element access
+ T& front();
+ T& back();
+ T& at(size_type);
+ const T& back() const;
+ const T& front() const;
+ const T& at(size_type) const;
+ T& operator[](size_type i);
+ const T& operator[](size_type i) const;
+
+ void swap(Blob &b) { data.swap(b.data); }
+private:
+ std::shared_ptr<std::vector<T>> data;
+
+ // throws msg if data[i] isn't valid
+ void check(size_type i, const std::string &msg) const;
+};
+
+// constructors
+template <typename T>
+Blob<T>::Blob(T *p, std::size_t n):
+ data(std::make_shared<std::vector<T>>(p, p + n)) { }
+
+template <typename T>
+Blob<T>::Blob():
+ data(std::make_shared<std::vector<T>>()) { }
+
+template <typename T> // type parameter for the class
+template <typename It> // type parameter for the constructor
+ Blob<T>::Blob(It b, It e):
+ data(std::make_shared<std::vector<T>>(b, e)) { }
+
+template <typename T>
+Blob<T>::Blob(std::initializer_list<T> il):
+ data(std::make_shared<std::vector<T>>(il)) { }
+
+// check member
+template <typename T>
+void Blob<T>::check(size_type i, const std::string &msg) const
+{
+ if (i >= data->size())
+ throw std::out_of_range(msg);
+}
+
+// element access members
+template <typename T>
+T& Blob<T>::front()
+{
+ // if the vector is empty, check will throw
+ check(0, "front on empty Blob");
+ return data->front();
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+T& Blob<T>::back()
+{
+ check(0, "back on empty Blob");
+ return data->back();
+}
+
+template <typename T> void Blob<T>::pop_back()
+{
+ check(0, "pop_back on empty Blob");
+ data->pop_back();
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+const T& Blob<T>::front() const
+{
+ check(0, "front on empty Blob");
+ return data->front();
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+const T& Blob<T>::back() const
+{
+ check(0, "back on empty Blob");
+ return data->back();
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+T& Blob<T>::at(size_type i)
+{
+ // if i is too big, check will throw, preventing access to a nonexistent element
+ check(i, "subscript out of range");
+ return (*data)[i]; // (*data) is the vector to which this object points
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+const T&
+Blob<T>::at(size_type i) const
+{
+ check(i, "subscript out of range");
+ return (*data)[i];
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+T& Blob<T>::operator[](size_type i)
+{
+ // if i is too big, check will throw, preventing access to a nonexistent element
+ check(i, "subscript out of range");
+ return (*data)[i];
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+const T&
+Blob<T>::operator[](size_type i) const
+{
+ check(i, "subscript out of range");
+ return (*data)[i];
+}
+
+// operators
+template <typename T>
+std::ostream&
+operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Blob<T> a)
+{
+ os << "< ";
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < a.size(); ++i)
+ os << a[i] << " ";
+ os << " >";
+ return os;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+bool
+operator==(const Blob<T> lhs, const Blob<T> rhs)
+{
+ if (rhs.size() != lhs.size())
+ return false;
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < lhs.size(); ++i) {
+ if (lhs[i] != rhs[i])
+ return false;
+ }
+ return true;
+}
+
+// BlobPtr throws an exception on attempts to access a nonexistent element
+template <typename T>
+bool operator==(const BlobPtr<T>&, const BlobPtr<T>&);
+
+template <typename T> class BlobPtr : public std::iterator<std::bidirectional_iterator_tag,T> {
+ friend bool
+ operator==<T>(const BlobPtr<T>&, const BlobPtr<T>&);
+public:
+ BlobPtr(): curr(0) { }
+ BlobPtr(Blob<T> &a, size_t sz = 0):
+ wptr(a.data), curr(sz) { }
+
+ T &operator[](std::size_t i)
+ { auto p = check(i, "subscript out of range");
+ return (*p)[i]; // (*p) is the vector to which this object points
+ }
+
+ const T &operator[](std::size_t i) const
+ { auto p = check(i, "subscript out of range");
+ return (*p)[i]; // (*p) is the vector to which this object points
+ }
+
+ T& operator*() const
+ { auto p = check(curr, "dereference past end");
+ return (*p)[curr]; // (*p) is the vector to which this object points
+ }
+ T* operator->() const
+ { // delegate the real work to the dereference operator
+ return & this->operator*();
+ }
+
+ // increment and decrement
+ BlobPtr& operator++(); // prefix operators
+ BlobPtr& operator--();
+
+ BlobPtr operator++(int); // postfix operators
+ BlobPtr operator--(int);
+
+private:
+ // check returns a shared_ptr to the vector if the check succeeds
+ std::shared_ptr<std::vector<T>>
+ check(std::size_t, const std::string&) const;
+
+ // store a weak_ptr, which means the underlying vector might be destroyed
+ std::weak_ptr<std::vector<T>> wptr;
+ std::size_t curr; // current position within the array
+};
+
+// equality operators
+template <typename T>
+bool operator==(const BlobPtr<T> &lhs, const BlobPtr<T> &rhs)
+{
+ return lhs.wptr.lock().get() == rhs.wptr.lock().get() &&
+ lhs.curr == rhs.curr;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+bool operator!=(const BlobPtr<T> &lhs, const BlobPtr<T> &rhs)
+{
+ return !(lhs == rhs);
+}
+
+// check member
+template <typename T>
+std::shared_ptr<std::vector<T>>
+BlobPtr<T>::check(std::size_t i, const std::string &msg) const
+{
+ auto ret = wptr.lock(); // is the vector still around?
+ if (!ret)
+ throw std::runtime_error("unbound BlobPtr");
+ if (i >= ret->size())
+ throw std::out_of_range(msg);
+ return ret; // otherwise, return a shared_ptr to the vector
+}
+
+// member operators
+// postfix: increment/decrement the object but return the unchanged value
+template <typename T>
+BlobPtr<T> BlobPtr<T>::operator++(int)
+{
+ // no check needed here; the call to prefix increment will do the check
+ BlobPtr ret = *this; // save the current value
+ ++*this; // advance one element; prefix ++ checks the increment
+ return ret; // return the saved state
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+BlobPtr<T> BlobPtr<T>::operator--(int)
+{
+ // no check needed here; the call to prefix decrement will do the check
+ BlobPtr ret = *this; // save the current value
+ --*this; // move backward one element; prefix -- checks the decrement
+ return ret; // return the saved state
+}
+
+// prefix: return a reference to the incremented/decremented object
+template <typename T>
+BlobPtr<T>& BlobPtr<T>::operator++()
+{
+ // if curr already points past the end of the container, can't increment it
+ check(curr, "increment past end of BlobPtr");
+ ++curr; // advance the current state
+ return *this;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+BlobPtr<T>& BlobPtr<T>::operator--()
+{
+ // if curr is zero, decrementing it will yield an invalid subscript
+ --curr; // move the current state back one element
+ check(-1, "decrement past begin of BlobPtr");
+ return *this;
+}
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef DEBUGDELETE_H
+#define DEBUGDELETE_H
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+// function-object class that calls delete on a given pointer
+class DebugDelete {
+public:
+ DebugDelete(const std::string &s = "unique_ptr",
+ std::ostream &strm = std::cerr): os(strm), type(s) { }
+ // as with any function template, the type of T is deduced by the compiler
+ template <typename T> void operator()(T *p) const
+ { os << "deleting " << type << std::endl; delete p; }
+private:
+ std::ostream &os; // where to print debugging info
+ std::string type; // what type of smart pointer we're deleting
+};
+
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ book_sales compareDef
+ book_trans multiset
+ Vecmainin Vecmain
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <memory>
+using std::unique_ptr; using std::shared_ptr;
+
+// function-object class that calls delete on a given pointer
+#include "DebugDelete.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ double* p = new double;
+ // an object that can act like a delete expression
+ DebugDelete d("plain pointer");
+ d(p); // calls DebugDelete::operator()(double*), which deletes p
+
+ int* ip = new int;
+ // calls operator()(int*) on a temporary DebugDelete object
+ DebugDelete("plain pointer")(ip);
+
+ // destroying the the object to which upi points
+ // instantiates DebugDelete::operator()<int>(int *)
+ unique_ptr<int, DebugDelete> upi(new int, DebugDelete());
+
+ // destroying the the object to which ups points
+ // instantiates DebugDelete::operator()<string>(string*)
+ unique_ptr<string, DebugDelete> ups(new string, DebugDelete());
+
+ // illustrate other types using DebugDelete as their deleter
+ shared_ptr<int> sp1(new int(42), DebugDelete("shared_ptr"));
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::istream; using std::ostream;
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+
+// define the hash interface for Sales_data
+
+namespace std {
+size_t
+hash<Sales_data>::operator()(const Sales_data& s) const
+{
+ return hash<string>()(s.bookNo) ^
+ hash<unsigned>()(s.units_sold) ^
+ hash<double>()(s.revenue);
+}
+} // close the std namespace; note: no semicolon after the close curly
+
+// remaining members unchanged from chapter 14
+Sales_data::Sales_data(istream &is)
+{
+ is >> *this; // read a transaction from is into this object
+}
+
+double Sales_data::avg_price() const
+{
+ if (units_sold)
+ return revenue/units_sold;
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+// member binary operator: left-hand operand is bound to the implicit this pointer
+// assumes that both objects refer to the same book
+Sales_data& Sales_data::operator+=(const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ units_sold += rhs.units_sold;
+ revenue += rhs.revenue;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+// assumes that both objects refer to the same book
+Sales_data
+operator+(const Sales_data &lhs, const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ Sales_data sum = lhs; // copy data members from lhs into sum
+ sum += rhs; // add rhs into sum
+ return sum;
+}
+
+istream &operator>>(istream &is, Sales_data &item)
+{
+ double price; // no need to initialize; we'll read into price before we use it
+ is >> item.bookNo >> item.units_sold >> price;
+ if (is) // check that the inputs succeeded
+ item.revenue = item.units_sold * price;
+ else
+ item = Sales_data(); // input failed: give the object the default state
+ return is;
+}
+
+ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const Sales_data &item)
+{
+ os << item.isbn() << " " << item.units_sold << " "
+ << item.revenue << " " << item.avg_price();
+ return os;
+}
+
+// operators replace these original named functions
+istream &read(istream &is, Sales_data &item)
+{
+ double price = 0;
+ is >> item.bookNo >> item.units_sold >> price;
+ item.revenue = price * item.units_sold;
+ return is;
+}
+ostream &print(ostream &os, const Sales_data &item)
+{
+ os << item.isbn() << " " << item.units_sold << " "
+ << item.revenue << " " << item.avg_price();
+ return os;
+}
+
+Sales_data add(const Sales_data &lhs, const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ Sales_data sum = lhs; // copy data members from lhs into sum
+ sum += rhs; // add rhs into sum
+ return sum;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef SALES_DATA_H
+#define SALES_DATA_H
+
+#include <string>
+#include <iostream>
+
+// unchanged from chapter 14 except for added friend declaration for hash
+class Sales_data {
+friend class std::hash<Sales_data>;
+friend std::ostream &operator<<
+ (std::ostream&, const Sales_data&);
+friend std::istream &operator>>(std::istream&, Sales_data&);
+friend bool operator==(const Sales_data &, const Sales_data &);
+
+friend std::ostream &print(std::ostream&, const Sales_data&);
+friend std::istream &read(std::istream&, Sales_data&);
+public:
+ // constructors
+ Sales_data() = default;
+ Sales_data(const std::string &s): bookNo(s) { }
+ Sales_data(const std::string &s, unsigned n, double p):
+ bookNo(s), units_sold(n), revenue(p*n) { }
+ Sales_data(std::istream &);
+ std::string isbn() const { return bookNo; }
+ Sales_data& operator+=(const Sales_data&);
+private:
+ double avg_price() const;
+ std::string bookNo;
+ unsigned units_sold = 0;
+ double revenue = 0.0;
+};
+
+namespace std {
+template <> // we're defining a specialization with
+struct hash<Sales_data> // the template parameter of Sales_data
+{
+ // the type used to hash an unordered container must define these types
+ typedef size_t result_type;
+ typedef Sales_data argument_type; // by default, this type needs ==
+
+ size_t operator()(const Sales_data& s) const;
+
+ // our class uses synthesized copy control and default constructor
+ // other members as before
+};
+} // close the std namespace; note: no semicolon after the close curly
+
+// non-member Sales_data operations
+inline
+bool compareIsbn(const Sales_data &lhs, const Sales_data &rhs)
+{ return lhs.isbn() < rhs.isbn(); }
+
+inline
+bool operator==(const Sales_data &lhs, const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ return lhs.isbn() == rhs.isbn() &&
+ lhs.units_sold == rhs.units_sold &&
+ lhs.revenue == rhs.revenue;
+}
+inline
+bool operator!=(const Sales_data &lhs, const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ return !(lhs == rhs);
+}
+
+Sales_data add(const Sales_data&, const Sales_data&);
+std::ostream &print(std::ostream&, const Sales_data&);
+std::istream &read(std::istream&, Sales_data&);
+Sales_data operator+(const Sales_data&, const Sales_data&);
+std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream&, const Sales_data&);
+std::istream &operator>>(std::istream&, Sales_data&);
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef VEC_H
+#define VEC_H
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <memory>
+#include <utility>
+#include <initializer_list>
+
+// simplified-implementation of memory allocation strategy for a vector-like class
+template <typename T>
+class Vec {
+public:
+ Vec() = default;
+ Vec(const Vec&); // copy constructor
+ Vec(Vec&&) noexcept; // move constructor
+ Vec &operator=(const Vec&); // copy assignment
+ Vec &operator=(Vec&&) noexcept; // move assignment
+ ~Vec() noexcept; // destructor
+
+ // list assignment
+ Vec &operator=(std::initializer_list<T>);
+
+ // add elements
+ void push_back(const T&);
+ void push_back(T&&);
+ template <class... Args> void emplace_back(Args&&...);
+
+ // size and capacity
+ size_t size() const { return first_free - elements; }
+ size_t capacity() const { return cap - elements; }
+
+ // element access
+ T& operator[](size_t n) { return elements[n]; }
+ const T& operator[](size_t n) const { return elements[n]; }
+
+ // iterator interface
+ T *begin() const { return elements; }
+ T *end() const { return first_free; }
+private:
+ static std::allocator<T> alloc; // allocates the elements
+ // used by functions that add elements to the Vec
+ void chk_n_alloc() { if (first_free == cap) reallocate(); }
+
+ // utilities used by copy constructor, assignment operator, and destructor
+ std::pair<T*, T*>
+ alloc_n_copy(const T*, const T*);
+ void free();
+ void reallocate(); // get more space and copy existing elements
+ T* elements = nullptr; // pointer to first element in the array
+ T* first_free = nullptr; // pointer to first free element in the array
+ T* cap = nullptr; // pointer to one past the end of the array
+};
+
+
+//definition for the static data member
+template <typename T> std::allocator<T> Vec<T>::alloc;
+
+template <typename T>
+inline
+Vec<T>::~Vec() noexcept { free(); }
+
+template <typename T>
+inline
+std::pair<T*, T*>
+Vec<T>::alloc_n_copy(const T *b, const T *e)
+{
+ auto data = alloc.allocate(e - b);
+ return {data, uninitialized_copy(b, e, data)};
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline
+Vec<T>::Vec(Vec &&s) noexcept :
+ // take over resources from s
+ elements(s.elements), first_free(s.first_free), cap(s.cap)
+{
+ // leave s in a state in which it is safe to run the destructor
+ s.elements = s.first_free = s.cap = nullptr;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline
+Vec<T>::Vec(const Vec &s)
+{
+ // call copy to allocate exactly as many elements as in s
+ auto newdata = alloc_n_copy(s.begin(), s.end());
+ elements = newdata.first;
+ first_free = cap = newdata.second;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline
+void Vec<T>::free()
+{
+ // destroy the old elements in reverse order
+ for (auto p = first_free; p != elements; /* empty */)
+ alloc.destroy(--p); // destroy elements in reverse order
+
+ // deallocate cannot be called on a 0 pointer
+ if (elements)
+ alloc.deallocate(elements, cap - elements);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline
+Vec<T> &Vec<T>::operator=(std::initializer_list<T> il)
+{
+ // copy allocates space and copies elements from the given range
+ auto data = alloc_n_copy(il.begin(), il.end());
+
+ free(); // destroy the elements in this object and free the space
+
+ elements = data.first; // update data members to point to the new space
+ first_free = cap = data.second;
+
+ return *this;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline
+Vec<T> &Vec<T>::operator=(Vec &&rhs) noexcept
+{
+ // direct test for self-assignment
+ if (this != &rhs)
+ free(); // free existing elements if appropriate
+
+ elements = rhs.elements; // take over resources from rhs
+ first_free = rhs.first_free;
+ cap = rhs.cap;
+
+ // leave rhs in a destructible state
+ rhs.elements = rhs.first_free = rhs.cap = nullptr;
+
+ return *this;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline
+Vec<T> &Vec<T>::operator=(const Vec &rhs)
+{
+ // call copy to allocate exactly as many elements as in rhs
+ auto data = alloc_n_copy(rhs.begin(), rhs.end());
+ free();
+ elements = data.first;
+ first_free = cap = data.second;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline
+void Vec<T>::reallocate()
+{
+ // we'll allocate space for twice as many elements as current size
+ auto newcapacity = size() ? 2 * size() : 2;
+
+ // allocate new space
+ auto first = alloc.allocate(newcapacity);
+ auto dest = first;
+ auto elem = elements;
+
+ // move the elements
+ for (size_t i = 0; i != size(); ++i)
+ alloc.construct(dest++, std::move(*elem++));
+ free(); // free the old space once we've moved the elements
+
+ // update our data structure point to the new elements
+ elements = first;
+ first_free = dest;
+ cap = elements + newcapacity;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline
+void Vec<T>::push_back(const T& s)
+{
+ chk_n_alloc(); // reallocates the Vec if necessary
+ // construct a copy s in the element to which first_free points
+ alloc.construct(first_free++, s);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline
+void Vec<T>::push_back(T&& s)
+{
+ chk_n_alloc(); // reallocates the Vec if necessary
+ alloc.construct(first_free++, std::move(s));
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+template <class... Args>
+inline
+void Vec<T>::emplace_back(Args&&... args)
+{
+ // any space left?
+ chk_n_alloc(); // reallocates the Vec if necessary
+ alloc.construct(first_free++, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+}
+
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Vec.h"
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+using std::istream;
+
+void print(const Vec<string> &svec)
+{
+ for (auto it : svec)
+ cout << it << " " ;
+ cout <<endl;
+}
+
+Vec<string> getVec(istream &is)
+{
+ Vec<string> svec;
+ string s;
+ while (is >> s)
+ svec.push_back(s);
+ return svec;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ Vec<string> svec = getVec(cin);
+ print(svec);
+
+ cout << "copy " << svec.size() << endl;
+ auto svec2 = svec;
+ print(svec2);
+
+ cout << "assign" << endl;
+ Vec<string> svec3;
+ svec3 = svec2;
+ print(svec3);
+
+ Vec<string> v1, v2;
+ Vec<string> getVec(istream &);
+ v1 = v2; // copy assignment
+ v2 = getVec(cin); // move assignment
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+// when we call print the compiler will instantiate a version of print
+// with T replaced by the argument's element type, and N by that array's dimension
+template <typename T, size_t N>
+void print(T (&arr)[N])
+{
+ for (auto elem : arr)
+ cout << elem << endl;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ int a1[] = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+ int a2[] = {1,3,5};
+ string a3[4];
+
+ print(a1); // instantiates print(int (&arr)[10])
+
+ print(a2); // instantiates print(int (&arr)[3])
+
+ print(a3); // instantiates print(string (&arr)[42])
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Blob.h"
+#include "compare.h"
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+// templateBuild.cc
+// instantiation file must provide a (nonextern) definition for every
+// type and function that other files declare as extern
+template int compare(const int&, const int&);
+template class Blob<string>; // instantiates all members of the class template
+template class Blob<int>; // instantiates Blob<int>
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <cstring>
+using std::strcmp;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include "compare.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ // instantiates int compare(const int&, const int&)
+ cout << compare(1, 0) << endl; // T is int
+
+ // instantiates int compare(const vector<int>&, const vector<int>&)
+ vector<int> vec1{1, 2, 3}, vec2{4, 5, 6};
+ cout << compare(vec1, vec2) << endl; // T is vector<int>
+
+ long l1, l2;
+ int i1, i2;
+ compare(i1, i2); // instantiate compare(int, int)
+ compare(l1, l2); // instantiate compare(long, long)
+ compare<int>(i1, l2); // uses compare(int, int)
+ compare<long>(i1, l2);// uses compare(long, long)
+
+ const char *cp1 = "hi", *cp2 = "world";
+ compare(cp1, cp2); // calls the specialization
+ compare<string>(cp1, cp2); // converts arguments to string
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef COMPARE_H
+#define COMPARE_H
+#include <cstring>
+
+// implement strcmp-like generic compare function
+// returns 0 if the values are equal, 1 if v1 is larger, -1 if v1 is smaller
+template <typename T>
+int compare(const T &v1, const T &v2)
+{
+ if (v1 < v2) return -1;
+ if (v2 < v1) return 1;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+// special version of compare to handle C-style character strings
+template <>
+inline
+int compare(const char* const &v1, const char* const &v2)
+{
+ return std::strcmp(v1, v2);
+}
+
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl; using std::cin;
+
+#include <functional>
+using std::less; using std::greater;
+
+// compare has a default template argument, less<T>
+// and a default function argument, F()
+template <typename T, typename F = less<T>>
+int compare(const T &v1, const T &v2, F f = F())
+{
+ if (f(v1, v2)) return -1;
+ if (f(v2, v1)) return 1;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ bool i = compare(0, 42); // uses less; i is -1
+
+ // result depends on the isbns in item1 and item2
+ Sales_data item1(cin), item2(cin);
+ bool j = compare(item1, item2, compareIsbn);
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <functional>
+using std::less;
+
+#include <cstring>
+using std::strcmp;
+
+// version of compare that will be correct even if used on pointers
+template <typename T> int compare(const T &v1, const T &v2)
+{
+ cout << "compare(T)" << "\t";
+
+ if (less<T>()(v1, v2)) return -1;
+ if (less<T>()(v2, v1)) return 1;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+template<unsigned N, unsigned M>
+int compare(const char (&p1)[N], const char (&p2)[M])
+{
+ cout << "compare(const char arrays)" << "\t";
+
+ return strcmp(p1, p2);
+}
+
+template<>
+int compare(const char *const& p1, const char *const& p2)
+{
+ cout << "compare(const char*const)" << "\t";
+
+ return strcmp(p1, p2);
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ int *p1 = new int(45);
+ int *p2 = new int(42);
+
+ // because we're comparing pointer values, the result of
+ // this call may vary each time the program is run
+ cout << compare(*p1, *p2) << endl;
+ cout << compare(p1, p2) << endl;
+
+ cout << strcmp("hi", "mom") << endl;
+ cout << compare("hi", "mom") << endl;
+
+ const char *cp1 = "hi", *cp2= "mom";
+ cout << compare(cp1, cp2) << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+Although most programmers are familiar with data structures
+such as |vector|s and |list|s, many have never used an
+associative data structure.
+Before we look at the details of how the library supports
+these types, it will be helpful to start with
+examples of how we can use
+these containers.
--- /dev/null
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
+0-999-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
+0-999-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
--- /dev/null
+0-201-70353-X 4 24.99
+0-201-82470-1 4 45.39
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "debug_rep.h"
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<int> v = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+ string s("hi");
+ cout << debug_rep(v) << endl;
+ cout << debug_rep(s) << endl;
+ cout << debug_rep("hi") << endl;
+ cout << debug_rep(&v[0]) << endl;
+ cout << debug_rep(&s) << endl;
+ const string *sp = &s;
+ cout << debug_rep(sp) << endl;
+
+ char carr[] = "bye"; // calls pointer version if no overloads
+ cout << debug_rep(carr) << endl;
+ vector<string> authors = {"Proust", "Shakespeare", "Barth"};
+ vector<const char*> authors2 = {"Proust", "Shakespeare", "Barth"};
+ cout << debug_rep(authors) << endl;
+ cout << debug_rep(authors2) << endl;
+ cout << debug_rep(s) << endl;
+ s += "more stuff";
+ cout << debug_rep(s) << endl;
+ s += "\\escape\"and quotes";
+ cout << debug_rep(s) << endl;
+
+ cout << debug_rep("hi world!") << endl; // calls debug_rep(T*)
+
+ s = "hi";
+ const char *cp = "bye";
+ char arr[] = "world";
+
+ cout << debug_rep(s) << endl; // calls specialization debug_rep(const string&
+ cout << debug_rep(cp) << endl; // calls specialization debug_rep(const char*
+ cout << debug_rep(arr) << endl;// calls specialization debug_rep(char*
+ cout << debug_rep(&s) << endl; // calls template debug_rep(T*)
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef DEBUG_REP_H
+#define DEBUG_REP_H
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <sstream>
+
+/* this file uses two preprocessor variables to control whether
+ * we use nontemplate functions or specializations for string
+ * data and to control whether we define versions of debug_rep
+ * that handle character pointers.
+ *
+ * SPECIALIZED is defined, then we define specializations
+ * for string, char*, and const char* and do not
+ * define nontemplate functions taking these types
+ *
+ * OVERCHAR only matters if SPECIALIZED is not defined. In this case
+ * if OVERCHAR is defined, we define one nontemplate function
+ * that takes a string; if OVERCHAR is not defined
+ * we also define nontemplate functions taking char* and
+ * const char*
+*/
+#ifndef SPECIALIZED
+std::string debug_rep(const std::string &s);
+#ifndef OVERCHAR
+std::string debug_rep(char *p);
+std::string debug_rep(const char *cp);
+#endif
+#endif
+// overloaded, not specialized, function templates
+template <typename T> std::string debug_rep(const T &t);
+template <typename T> std::string debug_rep(T *p);
+template <typename T> std::string debug_rep(T b, T e);
+template <typename T> std::string debug_rep(const std::vector<T> &v);
+
+#ifdef SPECIALIZED
+// specialized versions to handle strings and character pointers
+// declarations for specializations should follow declarations for all overloaded templates
+template <> std::string debug_rep(const std::string&);
+template <> std::string debug_rep(const char*);
+template <> std::string debug_rep(char*);
+#endif
+
+// print any type we don't otherwise handle
+template <typename T> std::string debug_rep(const T &t)
+{
+#ifdef DEBUG
+ std::cout << "const T&" << "\t";
+#endif
+ std::ostringstream ret;
+ ret << t; // uses T's output operator to print a representation of t
+ return ret.str(); // return a copy of the string to which ret is bound
+}
+
+// print pointers as their pointer value
+// followed by the object to which the pointer points
+// NB: this function will not work properly with char*
+template <typename T> std::string debug_rep(T *p)
+{
+#ifdef DEBUG
+ std::cout << "T*" << "\t";
+#endif
+ std::ostringstream ret;
+ ret << "pointer: " << p; // print the pointer's own value
+ if (p)
+ ret << " " << debug_rep(*p); // print the value to which p points
+ else
+ ret << " null pointer"; // or indicate that the p is null
+ return ret.str(); // return a copy of the string to which ret is bound
+}
+#ifndef SPECIALIZED
+// print strings inside double quotes
+std::string debug_rep(const std::string &s)
+#else
+template <> std::string debug_rep(const std::string &s)
+#endif
+{
+#ifdef DEBUG
+ std::cout << "const string &" << "\t";
+#endif
+ return '"' + s + '"';
+}
+
+
+#ifndef OVERCHAR
+// convert the character pointers to string and call the string version of debug_rep
+std::string debug_rep(char *p)
+{
+ return debug_rep(std::string(p));
+}
+std::string debug_rep(const char *p)
+{
+ return debug_rep(std::string(p));
+}
+#endif
+#ifdef SPECIALIZED
+template<> std::string debug_rep(char *p)
+ { return debug_rep(std::string(p)); }
+template <> std::string debug_rep(const char *cp)
+ { return debug_rep(std::string(cp)); }
+#endif
+
+template <typename T> std::string debug_rep(T b, T e)
+{
+ std::ostringstream ret;
+ for (T it = b; it != e; ++it) {
+ if (it != b)
+ ret << ","; // put comma before all but the first element
+ ret << debug_rep(*it); // print the element
+ }
+ return ret.str();
+}
+
+template <typename T> std::string debug_rep(const std::vector<T> &v)
+{
+ std::ostringstream ret;
+ ret << "vector: [";
+ ret << debug_rep(v.begin(), v.end());
+ ret << "]";
+ return ret.str();
+}
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+template <typename T>
+T accum(const T &t)
+{
+ return t;
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename... Args>
+T accum(const T &t, Args... args)
+{
+ return t + accum(args...);
+}
+
+// h adds its variadic arguments to the starting value of 42
+int h()
+{
+ return 42; // starting point for the accumulation
+}
+
+template <typename ...Args> int h(int t, Args ... args)
+{
+ return t + h(args...); // sum of all the values in args plus 42
+}
+
+// produces the sum of up to 4 integral values
+void f(int i, int j = 0, int k = 0, int l = 0)
+{
+ cout << i << " + "
+ << j << " + "
+ << k << " + "
+ << l << " = "
+ << i + j + k + l << endl;
+}
+
+// expansion: applies the pattern to each member of the pack
+// using a separator appropriate to the context
+template<typename ... Args> void g(Args ... args) {
+ cout << sizeof...(Args) << endl; // number of type parameters
+ cout << sizeof...(args) << endl; // number of function parameters
+ // call f passing it the arguments from args
+ f(args...); // f(a1, a2, a3, ..., an)
+
+ // call h passing it the arguments from args
+ cout << h(args...) << endl; // h(a1, a2, a3, ..., an)
+
+ // the pattern is h(x),
+ // the expansion calls h on each argument in args
+ f(h(args) ...); // f(h(a1), h(a2), h(a3), ..., h(an))
+
+ // args is expanded in the call to h
+ f(h(args ...)); // f(h(a1, a2, a3, ..., an2)
+
+ // pattern adds the argument value to result from calling h(5,6,7,8)
+ f(h(5,6,7,8 ) + args ...); // f(h(5,6,7,8) + a1, h(5,6,7,8) + a2,
+ // h(5,6,7,8) + a3, ..., h(5,6,7,8) + an)
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ cout << accum(1,2,3,4) << endl;
+
+ g(1,2,3,4);
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <utility>
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+// template that takes a callable and two parameters
+// and calls the given callable with the parameters ``flipped''
+template <typename F, typename T1, typename T2>
+void flip(F f, T1 &&t1, T2 &&t2)
+{
+ f(std::forward<T2>(t2), std::forward<T1>(t1));
+}
+
+void f(int v1, int &v2) // note v2 is a reference
+{
+ cout << v1 << " " << ++v2 << endl;
+}
+
+void g(int &&i, int& j)
+{
+ cout << i << " " << j << endl;
+}
+
+// flip1 is an incomplete implementation: top-level const and references are lost
+template <typename F, typename T1, typename T2>
+void flip1(F f, T1 t1, T2 t2)
+{
+ f(t2, t1);
+}
+
+template <typename F, typename T1, typename T2>
+void flip2(F f, T1 &&t1, T2 &&t2)
+{
+ f(t2, t1);
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ int i = 0, j = 0, k = 0, l = 0;
+ cout << i << " " << j << " " << k << " " << l << endl;
+
+ f(42, i); // f changes its argument i
+ flip1(f, j, 42); // f called through flip1 leaves j unchanged
+ flip2(f, k, 42); // ok: k is changed
+ g(1, i);
+ flip(g, i, 42); // ok: rvalue-ness of the third argument is preserved
+ cout << i << " " << j << " " << k << " " << l << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = Array.exe array-parms4.exe \
+ compare.exe compareDef.exe compareSpec.exe \
+ debug.exe expansion.exe flip.exe multiset.exe \
+ overloaded.exe overSpec.exe qm.exe \
+ SP.exe special.exe specialized.exe \
+ trail-ret.exe typealias.exe \
+ useBlob.exe useChcking.exe \
+ variadic.exe variadic3.exe Vecmain.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+LOCFLAGS =
+
+SP.o: DebugDelete.h
+
+compareDef.o multiset.o variadic.o variadic3.o Sales_data.o: Sales_data.h
+
+Vecmain.o: Vec.h
+
+compareDef.exe: compareDef.o Sales_data.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) compareDef.o Sales_data.o \
+ -o compareDef.exe
+
+variadic.exe: variadic.o Sales_data.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) variadic.o Sales_data.o \
+ -o variadic.exe
+
+variadic3.exe: variadic3.o Sales_data.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) variadic3.o Sales_data.o \
+ -o variadic3.exe
+
+multiset.exe: multiset.o Sales_data.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) multiset.o Sales_data.o \
+ -o multiset.exe
+
+qm.exe: qm.o build.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) qm.o build.o -o qm.exe
+
+specialized.exe: debug.cc
+ $(CC) -D SPECIALIZED $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) debug.cc -o specialized.exe
+
+overloaded.exe: debug.o
+ $(CC) -D OVERCHAR $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) debug.cc -o overloaded.exe
+
+debug.exe: debug.o
+ $(CC) -D DEBUG $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) debug.cc -o debug.exe
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <unordered_set>
+using std::unordered_multiset;
+
+#include <functional>
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+
+using std::hash;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // uses hash<Sales_data> and Sales_data operator==
+ unordered_multiset<Sales_data> SDset;
+ Sales_data item;
+ while (cin >> item) {
+ SDset.insert(item);
+ }
+ cout << SDset.size() << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstring>
+using std::strcmp;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+// first version; can compare any two types
+template <typename T> int compare(const T&, const T&);
+
+// second version to handle string literals
+template<size_t N, size_t M>
+int compare(const char (&)[N], const char (&)[M]);
+
+// specialized verson of the first template, handles character arrays
+template <>
+int compare(const char* const &, const char* const &);
+
+template <typename T> int compare(const T& v1, const T& v2)
+{
+cout << "base template" << endl;
+ if (v1 < v2) return -1;
+ if (v2 < v1) return 1;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+template<size_t N, size_t M>
+int compare(const char (&p1)[N], const char (&p2)[M])
+{
+cout << "array template" << endl;
+ return strcmp(p1, p2);
+}
+
+
+// special version of compare to handle pointers to character arrays
+template <>
+int compare(const char* const &p1, const char* const &p2)
+{
+cout << "specialized template" << endl;
+ return strcmp(p1, p2);
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ const char *p1 = "hi", *p2 = "mom";
+ compare(p1, p2); // calls the first template
+ compare("hi", "mom"); // calls the template with two nontype parameters
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "compare.h"
+#include "Blob.h"
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+// Application.cc
+// these template types must be instantiated elsewhere in the program
+// instantion declaration and definition
+extern template class Blob<string>;
+extern template int compare(const int&, const int&);
+
+int main() {
+
+ Blob<string> sa1, sa2; // instantiation will appear elsewhere
+
+ // Blob<int> and its initializer_list constructor
+ // are instantiated in this file
+ Blob<int> a1 = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+ Blob<int> a2(a1); // copy constructor instantiated in this file
+
+ int i = compare(a1[0], a2[0]); // instantiation will appear elsewhere
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+echo "compareDef: " && ./compareDef.exe < data/book_sales
+echo "multiset: " && ./multiset.exe < data/book_trans
+echo "Vecmain: " && ./Vecmain.exe < data/Vecmain
+
+../noinput Array.exe array-parms4.exe \
+ compare.exe compareSpec.exe \
+ debug.exe flip.exe expansion.exe \
+ overloaded.exe overSpec.exe qm.exe \
+ SP.exe special.exe specialized.exe \
+ trail-ret.exe typealias.exe \
+ useBlob.exe useChcking.exe \
+ variadic.exe variadic3.exe
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+// declarations before definitions
+template <typename T> void f(T);
+template <typename T> void f(const T*);
+
+template <typename T> void g(T);
+template <typename T> void g(T*);
+
+// definitions
+template <typename T> void f(T) { cout << "f(T)" << endl; }
+template <typename T> void f(const T*)
+{ cout << "f(const T*)" << endl; }
+
+template <typename T> void g(T) { cout << "g(T)" << endl; }
+template <typename T> void g(T*) { cout << "g(T*)" << endl; }
+
+int main()
+{
+ int i = 42;
+ f(i); // calls f(T), f(const T*) isn't viable
+
+ f(&i); // calls f(T), which is an exact match,
+ // f(const T*) requires a conversion
+
+ g(i); // calls g(T), g(T*) isn't viable
+ g(&i); // calls g(T*), both templates are viable,
+ // but g(T*) is more specialized
+
+ int *p = &i;
+ const int ci = 0, *p2 = &ci;
+ g(42); g(p); g(ci); g(p2);
+ f(42); f(p); f(ci); f(p2);
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <type_traits>
+using std::remove_reference;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include "Blob.h"
+
+// auto as function return type indicates we're using a trailing return type
+// function that returns a reference to an element in the range
+template <typename It>
+auto reffcn(It beg, It end) -> decltype(*beg)
+{
+ // process the range
+ return *beg; // return a copy of an element from the range
+}
+
+// function that returns an element in the range by value
+// must use typename to use a type member of a template parameter
+template <typename It>
+auto valfcn(It beg, It end) ->
+ typename remove_reference<decltype(*beg)>::type
+{
+ // process the range
+ return *beg; // return a copy of an element from the range
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<int> vi = {1,2,3,4,5};
+ Blob<string> ca = { "hi", "bye" };
+
+ auto &i = reffcn(vi.begin(), vi.end()); // reffcn should return int&
+ auto &s = reffcn(ca.begin(), ca.end()); // reffcn should return string&
+
+ vi = {1,2,3,4};
+ for (auto i : vi) cout << i << " "; cout << endl;
+ auto &ref = reffcn(vi.begin(), vi.end()); // ref is int&
+ ref = 5; // changes the value of *beg to which ref refers
+ for (auto i : vi) cout << i << " "; cout << endl;
+
+ auto val = valfcn(vi.begin(), vi.end()); // val is int
+ cout << val << endl; // will print 5
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Blob.h"
+
+#include <utility>
+using std::pair;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+typedef Blob<string> StrBlob;
+
+
+template<typename T> using twin = pair<T, T>;
+
+template <typename T> using partNo = pair<T, unsigned>;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // authors is a pair<string, string>
+ twin<string> author("Mark", "Twain");
+
+ twin<int> win_loss(2, 45); // win_loss is a pair<int, int>
+
+ typedef string Vehicle;
+ partNo<Vehicle> car("volvo", 242); // car is a pair<Vehicle, unsigned>
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include "Blob.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ Blob<string> b1; // empty Blob
+ cout << b1.size() << endl;
+ { // new scope
+ Blob<string> b2 = {"a", "an", "the"};
+ b1 = b2; // b1 and b2 share the same elements
+ b2.push_back("about");
+ cout << b1.size() << " " << b2.size() << endl;
+ } // b2 is destroyed, but the elements it points to must not be destroyed
+ cout << b1.size() << endl;
+ for(auto p = b1.begin(); p != b1.end(); ++p)
+ cout << *p << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Blob.h"
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<int> v1(3, 43), v2(10);
+ Blob<int> a1(v1.begin(), v1.end()),
+ a2 = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9},
+ a3(v2.begin(), v2.end());
+
+ cout << a1 << "\n\n" << a2 << "\n\n" << a3 << endl;
+
+ cout << "\ncopy" << "\n\n";
+ Blob<int> a5(a1);
+ cout << a5 << endl;
+
+ cout << "\nassignment" << "\n\n";
+
+ a1 = a3;
+ cout << a1 << "\n\n" << a2 << "\n\n" << a3 << endl;
+
+ cout << "\nelement assignment" << "\n\n";
+ a1[0] = 42;
+ a1[a1.size() - 1] = 15;
+ cout << a1 << "\n\n" << a3 << endl;
+
+ Blob<string> s1 = {"hi", "bye", "now"};
+ BlobPtr<string> p(s1); // p points to the vector inside s1
+ *p = "okay"; // assigns to the first element in s1
+ cout << p->size() << endl; // prints 4, the size of the first element in s1
+ cout << (*p).size() << endl; // equivalent to p->size()
+
+ Blob<string> s2{"one", "two", "three"};
+ // run the string empty function in the first element in s2
+ if (s2[0].empty())
+ s2[0] = "empty"; // assign a new value to the first string in s2
+
+ cout << a1 << endl;
+ cout << a2 << endl;
+ a2.swap(a1);
+ cout << a1 << endl;
+ cout << a2 << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cerr;
+using std::ostream; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <map>
+using std::map;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+#include "debug_rep.h"
+
+// function to end the recursion and print the last element
+template<typename T>
+ostream &print(ostream &os, const T &t)
+{
+ return os << t; // no separator after the last element in the pack
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename... Args>
+ostream &
+print(ostream &os, const T &t, const Args&... rest)//expand Args
+{
+ os << t << ", ";
+ return print(os, rest...); //expand rest
+}
+
+// call debug_rep on each argument in the call to print
+template <typename... Args>
+ostream &errorMsg(ostream &os, const Args&... rest)
+{
+ // print(os, debug_rep(a1), debug_rep(a2), ..., debug_rep(an)
+ return print(os, debug_rep(rest)...);
+}
+
+
+struct ErrorCode {
+ ErrorCode(size_t n = 0): e(n) { }
+ size_t e;
+ size_t num() const { return e; }
+ string lookup() const { return errors[e]; }
+ static map<size_t, string> errors;
+};
+
+map<size_t, string>
+ErrorCode::errors = { {42, "some error"}, { 1024, "another error"} };
+
+int main()
+{
+ Sales_data item("978-0590353403", 25, 15.99);
+ string fcnName("itemProcess");
+ ErrorCode code(42);
+ string otherData("invalid ISBN");
+
+ errorMsg(cerr, fcnName, code.num(), otherData, "other", item);
+ cerr << endl;
+
+ print(cerr, debug_rep(fcnName), debug_rep(code.num()),
+ debug_rep(otherData), debug_rep("otherData"),
+ debug_rep(item));
+ cerr << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <initializer_list>
+using std::initializer_list;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::ostream; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::min;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+
+// function to end the recursion and print the last element
+// this function must be declared before the variadic version of print is defined
+template<typename T>
+ostream &print(ostream &os, const T &t)
+{
+ return os << t; // no separator after the last element in the pack
+}
+
+// this version of print will be called for all but the last element in the pack
+
+template <typename T, typename... Args>
+ostream &print(ostream &os, const T &t, const Args&... rest)
+{
+ os << t << ", "; // print the first argument
+ return print(os, rest...); // recursive call; print the other arguments
+}
+
+template <typename T> bool bigger(const T &t, initializer_list<T> il)
+{
+ if (il.size() == 0)
+ return false;
+ auto b = il.begin();
+ while (b != il.end())
+ if (t < *b)
+ return true;
+ else
+ ++b;
+ return false;
+}
+
+// NB: elements in the list must all have the same type
+template <typename T> T min_elem(initializer_list<T> il)
+{
+ if (il.size() == 0)
+ throw "empty";
+ auto b = il.begin(); // we know there's at least one element in the list
+ T ret(*b++); // start off with the first element as the ``smallest''
+ while (b != il.end()) // till we run out of elements
+ ret = min(ret, *b++); // update ret if we find a smaller value
+ return ret; // return the value we found
+}
+
+// using variadic templates we can allow for conversions among the elements
+// function to end the recursion, called when we have only one element left from the original pack
+template<typename T> T min_elem(const T &v)
+{
+ return v;
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename... Back>
+T min_elem(T val, Back... back)
+{
+ // recursive call, "pops" the first element from back, which will be val in this call
+ T val2 = min_elem(back...);
+
+ // requires that the types of val2 and val are comparable using <
+ return val < val2 ? val : val2;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ // no braces, so calls variadic version of min_elem
+ cout << min_elem(1.0,2,3,4.5,0.0,5,6,7,8,9) << endl;
+ // calls min_element that takes a single argument
+ // of type initializer_list<int>
+ cout << min_elem({1,2,3,4,0,5,6,7,8,9}) << endl;
+
+ int i = 5;
+ cout << bigger(i, {1,2,3,4,0,5,6,7,8,9}) << endl;
+
+ string s = "how now brown cow";
+ print(cout, i, s, 42); // two parameters in the pack
+ print(cout, i, s); // one parameter in the pack
+ print(cout, i); // no parameters in the pack
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ bits bits
+ game game
+ no-skipws no-skipws
+ skipws getc
+ skipws badgetc
+ skipws getput
+ skipws skipws
+ store1,store2,
+ store3,store4 findbook
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Version_test.h"
+
+// if the regular expression library isn't support, do nothing
+#ifdef REGEX
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <regex>
+using std::regex; using std::sregex_iterator; using std::smatch;
+using std::regex_error;
+
+int main()
+{
+ try {
+ // missing close bracket after alnum; the constructor will throw
+ regex r("[[:alnum:]+\\.(cpp|cxx|cc)$", regex::icase);
+ } catch (regex_error e)
+ { cout << e.what() << "\ncode: " << e.code() << endl; }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+#else
+
+// do nothing
+int main() { return 0; }
+
+#endif
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstdio> // for EOF
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ char ch; // using a char here invites disaster!
+
+ // the return from cin.get is converted to char
+ // and then compared to an int
+ while ((ch = cin.get()) != EOF)
+ cout.put(ch);
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+using std::cout; using std::cin;
+using std::endl;
+using std::string;
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <bitset>
+using std::bitset;
+int main()
+{
+ bitset<32> bitvec(1U); // 32 bits; low-order bit is 1,
+ // remaining bits are 0
+ bool is_set = bitvec.any(); // true, one bit is set
+ bool is_not_set = bitvec.none(); // false, one bit is set
+ bool all_set = bitvec.all(); // false, only one bit is set
+ size_t onBits = bitvec.count(); // returns 1
+ size_t sz = bitvec.size(); // returns 32
+
+ bitvec.flip(); // reverses the value of all the bits in bitvec
+ bitvec.reset(); // sets all the bits to 0
+ bitvec.set(); // sets all the bits to 1
+
+ cout << "bitvec: " << bitvec << endl;
+
+ sz = bitvec.size(); // returns 32
+
+ onBits = bitvec.count(); // returns 1,
+ // i.e., the number of bits that are on
+
+ // assign 1 to even numbered bits
+ for (int index = 0; index != 32; index += 2)
+ bitvec[index] = 1;
+
+ // equivalent loop using set operation
+ for (int index = 0; index != 32; index += 2)
+ bitvec.set(index);
+
+ // bitvec is unchanged
+ auto b2 = ~bitvec; // b2 is a copy of bitvec with every bit flipped
+
+ // assign value of last bit in bitvec to the first bit in b2
+ b2[0] = bitvec[bitvec.size() - 1];
+ bitvec[0] = 0; // turn off the bit at position 0
+ bitvec[31] = bitvec[0]; // give last bit the same value as the first
+ bitvec[0].flip(); // flip the value of the bit at position 0
+ ~bitvec[0]; // equivalent; flips the bit at position 0
+ bool b = bitvec[0]; // convert the value of bitvec[0] to bool
+ b2[0] = ~bitvec[0]; // first bit in b2 has the opposite value
+ // of the first bit in bitvec
+
+ unsigned i = 0;
+ if (bitvec.test(i))
+ // bitvec[i] is on
+ ;
+
+ //equivalent test using subscript
+ if (bitvec[i])
+ // bitvec[i] is on
+ ;
+
+ cout << "bitvec: positions turned on:\n\t";
+ for (int index = 0; index != 32; ++index)
+ if (bitvec[index])
+ cout << index << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // equivalent; turn off first bit
+ bitvec.flip(0); // reverses the value of the first bit
+ bitvec.set(bitvec.size() - 1); // turns on the last bit
+ bitvec.set(0, 0); // turns off the first bit
+ bitvec.reset(i); // turns off the ith bit
+ bitvec.test(0); // returns false because the first bit is off
+ bitvec[0] = 0;
+
+ bitvec.flip(0); // reverses value of first bit
+ bitvec[0].flip(); // also reverses the first bit
+
+ cout << "new inits" <<endl;
+ // bits13 is smaller than the initializer;
+ // high-order bits from the initializer are discarded
+ bitset<13> bits13(0xbeef); // bits are 1111011101111
+
+ // bits20 is larger than the initializer;
+ // high-order bits in bits20 are set to zero
+ bitset<20> bits20(0xbeef); // bits are 00001011111011101111
+
+ // on machines with 64-bit long long 0ULL is 64 bits of 0,
+ // so ~0ULL is 64 ones, so 0 ... 63 are one, and 64 ... 127 are zero
+ // if long long has 32 bits, 0 ... 32 are one, 33 ... 127 are zero
+ bitset<128> bits128(~0ULL);
+ cout << "bits13: " << bits13 << endl;
+ cout << "bits20: " << bits20 << endl;
+ cout << "bits128: " << bits128 << endl;
+ cout << "bits20[0] " << bits20[0] << endl;
+ cout << "bits20[19] " << bits20[19] << endl;
+
+ // bitvec1 is smaller than the initializer
+ bitset<32> bitvec1(0xffff); // bits 0 ... 15 are set to 1;
+ // 16 ... 31 are 0
+
+ // bitvec2 same size as initializer
+ bitset<64> bitvec2(0xffff); // bits 0 ... 15 are set to 1;
+ // 16 ... 63 are 0
+
+ // assuming 64-bit long long, bits 0 to 63 initialized from 0xffff
+ bitset<128> bitvec3(0xffff); // bits 32 through 127 are zero
+
+ cout << "bitvec1: " << bitvec1 << endl;
+ cout << "bitvec2: " << bitvec2 << endl;
+ cout << "bitvec2[0] " << bitvec2[0] << endl;
+ cout << "bitvec2[31] " << bitvec2[31] << endl;
+
+ cout << "bitvec3: " << bitvec3 << endl;
+
+
+ bitset<32> bitvec4("1100"); // bits 2 and 3 are 1, all others are 0
+
+ cout << "strval: " << "1100" << endl;
+ cout << "bitvec4: " << bitvec4 << endl;
+
+ string str("1111111000000011001101");
+ bitset<32> bitvec5(str, 5, 4); // four bits starting at str[5], 1100
+ bitset<32> bitvec6(str, str.size()-4); // use last four characters
+
+ cout << "str: " << str << endl;
+ cout << "bitvec5: " << bitvec5 << endl;
+
+ cout << "str: " << str << endl;
+ cout << "bitvec6: " << bitvec6 << endl;
+
+ unsigned long ulong = bitvec3.to_ulong();
+ cout << "ulong = " << ulong << endl;
+
+ bitset<32> bitvec7 = bitvec1 & bitvec4;
+
+ cout << "bitvec7: " << bitvec7 << endl;
+
+ bitset<32> bitvec8 = bitvec1 | bitvec4;
+
+ cout << "bitvec8: " << bitvec8 << endl;
+
+ bitset<16> chk("111100110011001100000");
+ cout << "chk: " << chk << endl;
+
+ bitset<16> bits;
+ cin >> bits; // read up to 16 1 or 0 characters from cin
+ cout << "bits: " << bits << endl; // print what we just read
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Version_test.h"
+
+// if the regular expression library isn't support, do nothing
+#ifdef REGEX
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <regex>
+using std::regex; using std::sregex_iterator; using std::smatch;
+using std::regex_error;
+
+int main()
+{
+ try {
+ // one or more alphanumeric characters followed by a '.'
+ // followed by "cpp" or "cxx" or "cc"
+ regex r("[[:alnum:]]+\\.(cpp|cxx|cc)$", regex::icase);
+
+ smatch results; // object to hold details about the match
+ string filename;
+ while (cin >> filename)
+ if (regex_search(filename, results, r))
+ cout << results.str() << endl; // print the match
+ } catch (regex_error e)
+ { cout << e.what() << " " << e.code() << endl; }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#else
+
+// do nothing
+int main() { return 0; }
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+abc
+ÿ
+def
--- /dev/null
+abcd
+efg
+hi
+j
+5 9 12 14
+5 8 10 11 20
+5 7 8 18 30
+5 6 8 15 26 37
+5 9 12 14 24 37 49 64\r
--- /dev/null
+badgetc.cpp
+bits.cpp
+ccpgms.cpp
+findbook.cpp
+findDups.cpp
+findDupsV2.cpp
+findgerunds.cpp
+game.cpp
+getc.cpp
+getput.cpp
+manips.cpp
+manips11.cpp
+normalInts.cpp
+no-skipws.cpp
+phones.cpp
+phones2.cpp
+phonesFinal.cpp
+play.cpp
+point.cpp
+prec.cpp
+rand1.cpp
+rand2.cpp
+rand4.cpp
+rand6.cpp
+REerrs.cpp
+regex1.cpp
+sci_dec.cpp
+seed.cpp
+seek.cpp
+setw.cpp
+skipws.cpp
+subexpr.cpp
+tuple.cpp
+validatePhones.cpp
+zips.cpp
--- /dev/null
+Some some repeated words words
--- /dev/null
+some some input that has has some dups
--- /dev/null
+when i was going to saint ives
+when going to saint ives
+i was going when i went
+i was when going
--- /dev/null
+y y y y y y y y y y y y y q
--- /dev/null
+morgan (201) 555-0168 862-555-0123
+drew (973)555.0130
+lee (609) 555-0132 2015550175 800.555-0110
--- /dev/null
+morgan (201) 555-0168 (862) 555-0123
+drew (973) 555-0130
+lee (609) 555-0132 (201) 555-0175 (800) 555-0110
--- /dev/null
+(908)555.0136
+(908.555.0136
+908).555.0136
+908 555.0136
+908-555.0136
+908 555 0136
+908.555.0136
+908-555-0136
+morgan (201) 555-0168 862-555-0123
+drew (973)555.0130
+lee (609) 555-0132 2015550175 800.555-0110
--- /dev/null
+0-201-70353-X 4 24.99
+0-201-82470-1 4 45.39
+0-201-88954-4 2 15.00
+0-201-88954-4 5 12.00
+0-201-88954-4 7 12.00
+0-201-88954-4 2 12.00
+0-399-82477-1 2 45.39
+0-399-82477-1 3 45.39
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
--- /dev/null
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
+0-999-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
+0-999-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
--- /dev/null
+0-201-70353-X 4 24.99
+0-201-82470-1 4 45.39
+0-201-88954-4 2 15.00
+0-201-88954-4 5 12.00
+0-201-88954-4 7 12.00
+0-201-88954-4 2 12.00
+0-399-82477-1 2 45.39
+0-399-82477-1 3 45.39
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
--- /dev/null
+0-201-70353-X 4 24.99
+0-201-82470-1 4 45.39
+0-201-88954-4 2 15.00
+0-201-88954-4 5 12.00
+0-201-88954-4 7 12.00
+0-201-88954-4 2 12.00
+0-399-82477-1 2 45.39
+0-399-82477-1 3 45.39
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
--- /dev/null
+(908)555.0106
+(908.555.0106
+908).555.0106
+908 555.0106
+908-555.0106
+908 555 0106
+908.555.0106
+908-555-0106
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <utility>
+using std::pair;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <tuple>
+using std::tuple; using std::get;
+using std::make_tuple;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <numeric>
+using std::accumulate;
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::equal_range;
+
+#include <exception>
+#include <stdexcept>
+using std::domain_error;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::ostream; using std::istream;
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <fstream>
+using std::ifstream;
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+
+bool lt(const Sales_data &lhs, const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ return lhs.isbn() < rhs.isbn();
+}
+
+// need to leave this for as a traditional for loop because we
+// use the iterator to compute an index
+// matches has three members: an index of a store and iterators into that store's vector
+typedef tuple<vector<Sales_data>::size_type,
+ vector<Sales_data>::const_iterator,
+ vector<Sales_data>::const_iterator> matches;
+
+// files holds the transactions for every store
+// findBook returns a vector with an entry for each store that sold the given book
+vector<matches>
+findBook(const vector<vector<Sales_data>> &files,
+ const string &book)
+{
+ vector<matches> ret; // initially empty
+ // for each store find the range of matching books, if any
+ for (auto it = files.cbegin(); it != files.cend(); ++it) {
+ // find the range of Sales_data that have the same ISBN
+ auto found = equal_range(it->cbegin(), it->cend(),
+ book, compareIsbn);
+ if (found.first != found.second) // this store had sales
+ // remember the index of this store and the matching range
+ ret.push_back(make_tuple(it - files.cbegin(),
+ found.first, found.second));
+ }
+ return ret; // empty if no matches found
+}
+
+vector<Sales_data> build_store(const string &s)
+{
+ Sales_data item;
+ vector<Sales_data> ret;
+ ifstream is(s);
+ while (read(is, item))
+ ret.push_back(item);
+ sort (ret.begin(), ret.end(), lt); // need sort for equal_range to work
+ return ret;
+}
+
+void reportResults(istream &in, ostream &os,
+ const vector<vector<Sales_data>> &files)
+{
+ string s; // book to look for
+ while (in >> s) {
+ auto trans = findBook(files, s); // stores that sold this book
+ if (trans.empty()) {
+ cout << s << " not found in any stores" << endl;
+ continue; // get the next book to look for
+ }
+ for (const auto &store : trans) // for every store with a sale
+ // get<n> returns the specified member from the tuple in store
+ os << "store " << get<0>(store) << " sales: "
+ << accumulate(get<1>(store), get<2>(store),
+ Sales_data(s))
+ << endl;
+ }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ assert(argc > 1);
+ // each element in files holds the transactions for a particular store
+ vector<vector<Sales_data>> files;
+ for (int cnt = 1; cnt != argc; ++cnt)
+ files.push_back(build_store(argv[cnt]));
+
+ ifstream in("../data/findbook.in"); // ISBNs to search for
+ reportResults(in, cout, files);
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <random>
+using std::default_random_engine;
+using std::bernoulli_distribution;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+bool play(bool player) { return player; }
+int main()
+{
+ string resp;
+ // distributions and engines have state,
+ // they must be defined outside the loop!
+ default_random_engine e;
+
+ // 50/50 odds by default
+ bernoulli_distribution b(0.55); // give the house a slight edge
+
+ do {
+ bool first = b(e); // if true, the program will go first
+ cout << (first ? "We go first"
+ : "You get to go first") << endl;
+ // play the game passing the indicator of who goes first
+ cout << ((play(first)) ? "sorry, you lost"
+ : "congrats, you won") << endl;
+ cout << "play again? Enter 'yes' or 'no'" << endl;
+ } while (cin >> resp && resp[0] == 'y');
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <cstdio> // for EOF
+
+int main()
+{
+ int ch; // use an int, not a char to hold the return from get()
+
+ // loop to read and write all the data in the input
+ while ((ch = cin.get()) != EOF)
+ cout.put(ch);
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ char ch;
+ while (cin.get(ch))
+ cout.put(ch);
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = badgetc.exe bits.exe findbook.exe \
+ game.exe getc.exe getput.exe manips.exe \
+ normalInts.exe no-skipws.exe point.exe \
+ prec.exe rand1.exe rand2.exe rand4.exe \
+ rand6.exe seed.exe seek.exe setw.exe \
+ skipws.exe tuple.exe manips11.exe sci_dec.exe \
+ phones.exe ccpgms.exe validatePhones.exe \
+ phonesFinal.exe subexpr.exe \
+ regex1.exe zips.exe REerrs.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+LOCFLAGS = -I../14
+
+phones.o ccpgms.o validatePhones.o \
+phonesFinal.o subexpr.o regex1.o \
+REerrs.o sci_dec.o manips11.o zips.o: ../Version_test.h
+
+findbook.exe: findbook.o ../14/Sales_data.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) -o findbook findbook.o ../14/Sales_data.o
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+using std::boolalpha; using std::noboolalpha;
+using std::oct; using std::dec; using std::hex;
+using std::showbase; using std::noshowbase;
+using std::uppercase; using std::nouppercase;
+
+bool get_status()
+{
+ return false;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ bool b;
+ cout << "default bool values: " << true << " " << false
+ << "\nalpha bool values: " << boolalpha
+ << true << " " << false << endl;
+
+ bool bool_val = get_status();
+ cout << boolalpha // sets the internal state of cout
+ << bool_val
+ << noboolalpha; // resets the internal state to default formatting
+ cout << endl;
+
+ const int ival = 15, jval = 1024; // const, so values never change
+
+ cout << "default: " << 20 << " " << 1024 << endl;
+ cout << "octal: " << oct << 20 << " " << 1024 << endl;
+ cout << "hex: " << hex << 20 << " " << 1024 << endl;
+ cout << "decimal: " << dec << 20 << " " << 1024 << endl;
+
+
+ cout << showbase; // show the base when printing integral values
+ cout << "default: " << 20 << " " << 1024 << endl;
+ cout << "in octal: " << oct << 20 << " " << 1024 << endl;
+ cout << "in hex: " << hex << 20 << " " << 1024 << endl;
+ cout << "in decimal: " << dec << 20 << " " << 1024 << endl;
+ cout << noshowbase; // reset the state of the stream
+
+ cout << uppercase << showbase << hex
+ << "printed in hexadecimal: " << 20 << " " << 1024
+ << nouppercase << noshowbase << dec << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include "Version_test.h"
+#ifdef HEX_MANIPS
+using std::hexfloat; using std::defaultfloat;
+#endif
+
+int main()
+{
+ double pi = 3.14;
+ cout << pi << " "
+#ifdef HEX_MANIPS
+ << hexfloat << pi // no workaround for this missing manipulator
+#endif
+ << defaultfloat << " " << pi << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout;
+using std::noskipws; using std::skipws;
+
+int main()
+{
+ char ch;
+ cin >> noskipws; // set cin so that it reads whitespace
+ while (cin >> ch)
+ cout << ch;
+ cin >> skipws; // reset cin to the default state
+ // so that it ignores whitespace
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <ctime>
+using std::time;
+
+#include <cstdlib>
+using std::rand;
+
+#include <random>
+using std::default_random_engine;
+using std::normal_distribution;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cerr; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::max_element;
+
+#include <numeric>
+using std::accumulate;
+
+#include <cmath>
+using std::lround;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+int main()
+{
+ default_random_engine e; // generates random integers
+ normal_distribution<> n(4,1.5); // mean 4, standard deviation 1.5
+ vector<unsigned> vals(9); // nine elements each 0
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i != 200; ++i) {
+ unsigned v = lround(n(e)); // round to the nearest integer
+ if (v < vals.size()) // if this result is in range
+ ++vals[v]; // count how often each number appears
+ }
+
+ int sum = accumulate(vals.begin(), vals.end(), 0);
+
+ if (sum != 200)
+ cout << "discarded " << 200 - sum << " results" << endl;
+
+ for (size_t j = 0; j != vals.size(); ++j)
+ cout << j << ": " << string(vals[j], '*') << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Version_test.h"
+
+// if the regular expression library isn't support, do nothing
+#ifdef REGEX
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <regex>
+using std::regex; using std::sregex_iterator; using std::smatch;
+
+void checkPattern(const regex &r, const string &s)
+{
+ smatch results;
+ if (regex_search(s, results, r))
+ cout << results.str() << endl;
+ else
+ cout << "no match for " << s << endl;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ // phone has 10 digits, optional parentheses around the area code
+ // components are separated by an optional space, ',' or '-'
+ string pattern = "\\(?\\d{3}\\)?[-. ]?\\d{3}[-. ]?\\d{4}";
+ regex r(pattern); // a regex to match our pattern
+
+ // some numbers to try to match
+ string mtch1 = "(908) 555-0181";
+ string mtch2 = "(908)555-0182";
+ string mtch3 = "908 555-0183";
+ string mtch4 = "908.555-0184";
+ string mtch5 = "9085550185";
+
+ smatch results;
+ checkPattern(r, mtch1);
+ checkPattern(r, mtch2);
+ checkPattern(r, mtch3);
+ checkPattern(r, mtch4);
+ checkPattern(r, mtch5);
+
+ string s;
+ while (getline(cin, s))
+ {
+ checkPattern(r, s);
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#else
+
+// do nothing
+int main() { return 0; }
+
+#endif
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Version_test.h"
+
+// if the regular expression library isn't support, do nothing
+#ifdef REGEX
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <regex>
+using std::regex; using std::sregex_iterator; using std::smatch;
+using std::regex_error;
+using std::regex_constants::format_no_copy;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // phone has 10 digits, optional parentheses around the area code
+ // components are separated by an optional space, ',' or '-'
+ string phone = "\\(?\\d{3}\\)?[-. ]?\\d{3}[-. ]?\\d{4}";
+
+ // parentheses indicate subexpressions;
+ // our overall expression has 7 subexpressions:
+ // ( ddd ) space ddd - dddd
+ // the subexpressions 1, 3, 4, and 6 are optional
+ // the subexpressions 2, 5, and 7 hold the digits of the number
+ phone = "(\\()?(\\d{3})(\\))?([-. ])?(\\d{3})([-. ])?(\\d{4})";
+ regex r(phone); // a regex to find our pattern
+ smatch m; // a match object for the results
+ string s;
+
+ // generate just the phone numbers: use a new format string
+ string fmt = "$2.$5.$7"; // reformat numbers to ddd.ddd.dddd
+ string fmt2 = "$2.$5.$7 "; // adds space at the end as a separator
+
+ // read each record from the input file
+ while (getline(cin, s))
+ {
+ cout << regex_replace(s, r, fmt) << endl;
+
+ // tell regex_replace to copy only the text that it replaces
+ cout << regex_replace(s, r, fmt2, format_no_copy) << endl;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+#else
+
+// do nothing
+int main() { return 0; }
+
+#endif
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+using std::showpoint; using std::noshowpoint;
+
+int main()
+{
+ cout << 10.0 << endl; // prints 10
+ cout << showpoint << 10.0 // prints 10.0000
+ << noshowpoint << endl; // revert to default format
+
+ cout << 10.0 << endl; // prints 10
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <iomanip>
+using std::setprecision;
+
+#include <cmath>
+using std::sqrt;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // cout.precision reports the current precision value
+ cout << "Precision: " << cout.precision()
+ << ", Value: " << sqrt(2.0) << endl;
+
+ // cout.precision(12) asks that 12 digits of precision be printed
+ cout.precision(12);
+ cout << "Precision: " << cout.precision()
+ << ", Value: " << sqrt(2.0) << endl;
+
+ // alternative way to set precision using the setprecision manipulator
+ cout << setprecision(3);
+ cout << "Precision: " << cout.precision()
+ << ", Value: " << sqrt(2.0) << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <ctime>
+using std::time;
+
+#include <cstdlib>
+using std::rand;
+
+#include <random>
+using std::default_random_engine;
+using std::uniform_int_distribution;
+using std::normal_distribution;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cerr; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::max_element;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+int main()
+{
+ default_random_engine e; // generates random unsigned integers
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
+ // e() "calls" the object to produce the next random number
+ cout << e() << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // uniformly distributed from 0 to 9 inclusive
+ uniform_int_distribution<unsigned> u(0,9);
+ default_random_engine e2;
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
+ // u uses e as a source of numbers
+ // each call returns a uniformly distributed value
+ // in the specified range
+ cout << u(e2) << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ default_random_engine e3;
+ // generates normally distributed doubles
+ // with mean 100, standard deviation 15
+ normal_distribution<> n(100,15);
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
+ cout << n(e3) << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // bad, but common way to generate random numbers in a given range
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
+ // r will be a between 0 and 9, but randomness is compromised
+ cout << rand()%10 << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ default_random_engine e4;
+ // uniformly distributed from 0 to 9 inclusive
+ uniform_int_distribution<unsigned> u2(0,9);
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
+ cout << u2(e4) << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // seeding the engine causes it to generate different numbers
+ // on different executions
+ default_random_engine e5(time(0));
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
+ cout << u2(e5) << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // assuming shorts have 16 bits
+ uniform_int_distribution<short> us1; // values from 0 to 32767
+ uniform_int_distribution<short> us2(42); // values from 42 to 32767
+ cout << "min: " << us1.min() << " max: " << us1.max() << endl;
+ cout << "min: " << us2.min() << " max: " << us2.max() << endl;
+
+ default_random_engine e6;
+ cout << "min: " << e6.min() << " max: " << e6.max() << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <ctime>
+using std::time;
+
+#include <cstdlib>
+using std::rand;
+
+#include <random>
+using std::default_random_engine;
+using std::uniform_int_distribution;
+using std::normal_distribution;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cerr; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::max_element;
+
+#include <numeric>
+using std::accumulate;
+
+#include <cmath>
+using std::lround;
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<int> vals(32); // preallocate so each element is 0
+ default_random_engine e; // generates numbers
+ uniform_int_distribution<unsigned> u(0,31); // inclusive range
+ for (size_t i = 0; i != 100; ++i)
+ ++vals[u(e)]; // count how often each number appears
+ int m = *max_element(vals.begin(), vals.end());
+ for (int i = m; i != 0; --i) {
+ for (size_t j = 0; j != vals.size(); ++j)
+ if (vals[j] > i-1) cout << "* ";
+ else cout << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+ }
+
+ vector<int> vals2(32); // preallocate so each element 0 value
+ default_random_engine e2; // restart the sequence
+ normal_distribution<> n(15,5); // mean 15, standard deviation 5
+ for (size_t i = 0; i != 100; ++i) {
+ size_t v = lround(n(e));
+ if (v < vals.size())
+ ++vals[v]; // count how often each number appears
+ else
+ cout << "discarding: " << v << " ";
+ }
+ cout << endl;
+
+ cout << std::accumulate(vals.begin(), vals.end(), 0) << endl;
+ m = *max_element(vals.begin(), vals.end());
+ for (int i = m; i != 0; --i) {
+ for (size_t j = 0; j != vals.size(); ++j)
+ if (vals[j] > i-1) cout << "* ";
+ else cout << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <ctime>
+using std::time;
+
+#include <cstdlib>
+using std::rand;
+
+#include <random>
+using std::default_random_engine;
+using std::uniform_int_distribution;
+using std::uniform_real_distribution;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cerr; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::max_element;
+
+int main()
+{
+ default_random_engine e; // generates unsigned random integers
+ // uniformly distributed from 0 to 1 inclusive
+ uniform_real_distribution<double> u(0,1);
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
+ cout << u(e) << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // empty <> signify we want to use the default result type
+ uniform_real_distribution<> u2(0,1); // generates double by default
+ default_random_engine e2;
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
+ cout << u2(e2) << " "; // should generate the same sequence
+ cout << endl;
+
+ default_random_engine e3;
+ // uniformly distributed from 0 to 9 inclusive
+ uniform_int_distribution<unsigned> u3(0,9);
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
+ cout << u3(e3) << ((i != 99)? " ": "");
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <ctime>
+using std::time;
+
+#include <cstdlib>
+using std::rand;
+
+#include <random>
+using std::default_random_engine;
+using std::uniform_int_distribution;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cerr; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+// almost surely the wrong way to generate a vector of random integers
+// output from this function will be the same 100 numbers on every call!
+vector<unsigned> bad_randVec()
+{
+ default_random_engine e;
+ uniform_int_distribution<unsigned> u(0,9);
+ vector<unsigned> ret;
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
+ ret.push_back(u(e));
+ return ret;
+}
+
+// returns a vector of 100 uniformly distributed random numbers
+vector<unsigned> good_randVec()
+{
+ // because engines and distributions retain state, they usually should be
+ // defined as static so that new numbers are generated on each call
+ static default_random_engine e;
+ static uniform_int_distribution<unsigned> u(0,9);
+ vector<unsigned> ret;
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
+ ret.push_back(u(e));
+ return ret;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<unsigned> v1(bad_randVec());
+ vector<unsigned> v2(bad_randVec());
+
+ // will print equal
+ cout << ((v1 == v2) ? "equal" : "not equal") << endl;
+
+ // very unlikely to print equal
+ if (good_randVec() == good_randVec())
+ cout << "equal!" << endl;
+ else
+ cout << "not equal" << endl;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Version_test.h"
+
+// if the regular expression library isn't support, do nothing
+#ifdef REGEX
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <regex>
+using std::regex; using std::sregex_iterator; using std::smatch;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // find the characters ei that follow a character other than c
+ string pattern("[^c]ei");
+ // we want the whole word in which our pattern appears
+ pattern = "[[:alpha:]]*" + pattern + "[[:alpha:]]*";
+
+ regex r(pattern); // construct a regex to find pattern
+ smatch results; // define an object to hold the results of a search
+
+ // define a string that has text that does and doesn't match pattern
+ string test_str = "receipt freind theif receive";
+
+ // use r to find a match to pattern in test_str
+ if (regex_search(test_str, results, r)) // if there is a match
+ cout << results.str() << endl; // print the matching word
+
+ sregex_iterator it(test_str.begin(), test_str.end(), r);
+ sregex_iterator end_it; // end iterator
+ for ( ; it != end_it; ++it)
+ cout << it->str() << endl; // print current match
+
+ // alternative way to obtain all the matches in a given string
+ auto it2 = test_str.cbegin();
+ while (it2 != test_str.cend() &&
+ regex_search(it2, test_str.cend(), results, r)) {
+ cout << results.str() << endl;
+ // reposition the iterator past any nonmatched part
+ // of the string plus the size of this match
+ it2 += results.prefix().length() + results.length();
+
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+#else
+
+// do nothing
+int main() { return 0; }
+
+#endif
+
--- /dev/null
+echo "badgetc: " && ./badgetc.exe < data/skipws
+echo "bits: " && ./bits.exe < data/bits
+echo "ccpgms: " && ./ccpgms.exe <data/files
+echo "findbook: " && ./findbook.exe data/store*
+echo "game: " && ./game.exe < data/game
+echo "getc: " && ./getc.exe < data/skipws
+echo "getput: " && ./getput.exe < data/skipws
+echo "no-skipws: " && ./no-skipws.exe < data/no-skipws
+echo "phones:" && ./phones.exe < data/phones
+echo "phonesFinal:" && ./phonesFinal.exe < data/phonesFinal
+echo "skipws: " && ./skipws.exe < data/skipws
+echo "subexpr:" && ./subexpr.exe < data/files
+echo "validatePhones:" && ./validatePhones.exe < data/validatePhones
+
+
+../noinput manips.exe manips11.exe normalInts.exe point.exe \
+ prec.exe rand1.exe rand2.exe rand4.exe \
+ rand6.exe regex1.exe REerrs.exe sci_dec.exe \
+ seed.exe seek.exe setw.exe tuple.exe zips.exe
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cmath>
+using std::sqrt;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+using std::fixed; using std::scientific;
+using std::uppercase; using std::nouppercase;
+
+#include "Version_test.h"
+#ifdef HEX_MANIPS
+using std::hexfloat; using std::defaultfloat;
+#endif
+
+int main()
+{
+ cout << "default format: " << 100 * sqrt(2.0) << '\n'
+ << "scientific: " << scientific << 100 * sqrt(2.0) << '\n'
+ << "fixed decimal: " << fixed << 100 * sqrt(2.0) << '\n'
+#ifdef HEX_MANIPS // no workaround for this missing manipulator
+ << "hexadecimal: " << hexfloat << 100 * sqrt(2.0) << '\n'
+#endif
+ << "use defaults: " << defaultfloat << 100 * sqrt(2.0)
+ << "\n\n";
+
+ cout << uppercase
+ << "scientific: " << scientific << sqrt(2.0) << '\n'
+ << "fixed decimal: " << fixed << sqrt(2.0) << '\n'
+#ifdef HEX_MANIPS // no workaround for this missing manipulator
+ << "hexadecimal: " << hexfloat << sqrt(2.0) << "\n\n"
+#endif
+ << nouppercase;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <ctime>
+using std::time;
+
+#include <cstdlib>
+using std::rand;
+
+#include <random>
+using std::default_random_engine;
+using std::uniform_int_distribution;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cerr; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+int main()
+{
+ default_random_engine e1; // uses the default seed
+ default_random_engine e2(2147483646); // use the given seed value
+
+ // e3 and e4 will generate the same sequence
+ // because they use the same seed
+ default_random_engine e3; // uses the default seed value
+ e3.seed(32767); // call seed to set a new seed value
+ default_random_engine e4(32767); // set the seed value to 32767
+ for (size_t i = 0; i != 100; ++i) {
+ if (e1() == e2())
+ cout << "unseeded match at iteration: " << i << endl;
+ if (e3() != e4())
+ cout << "seeded differs at iteration: " << i << endl;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cerr; using std::endl;
+
+#include <fstream>
+using std::fstream;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <cstdlib> // for EXIT_FAILURE
+
+int main()
+{
+ // open for input and output and preposition file pointers to end-of-file
+ // file mode argument
+ fstream inOut("data/copyOut",
+ fstream::ate | fstream::in | fstream::out);
+ if (!inOut) {
+ cerr << "Unable to open file!" << endl;
+ return EXIT_FAILURE; // EXIT_FAILURE
+ }
+
+ // inOut is opened in ate mode, so it starts out positioned at the end
+ auto end_mark = inOut.tellg();// remember original end-of-file position
+ inOut.seekg(0, fstream::beg); // reposition to the start of the file
+ size_t cnt = 0; // accumulator for the byte count
+ string line; // hold each line of input
+
+ // while we haven't hit an error and are still reading the original data
+ while (inOut && inOut.tellg() != end_mark
+ && getline(inOut, line)) { // and can get another line of input
+ cnt += line.size() + 1; // add 1 to account for the newline
+ auto mark = inOut.tellg(); // remember the read position
+ inOut.seekp(0, fstream::end); // set the write marker to the end
+ inOut << cnt; // write the accumulated length
+ // print a separator if this is not the last line
+ if (mark != end_mark) inOut << " ";
+ inOut.seekg(mark); // restore the read position
+ }
+ inOut.seekp(0, fstream::end); // seek to the end
+ inOut << "\n"; // write a newline at end-of-file
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+using std::left; using std::right; using std::internal;
+
+#include <iomanip>
+using std::setw; using std::setfill;
+
+int main()
+{
+ int i = -16;
+ double d = 3.14159;
+
+ // pad the first column to use a minimum of 12 positions in the output
+ cout << "i: " << setw(12) << i << "next col" << '\n'
+ << "d: " << setw(12) << d << "next col" << '\n';
+
+ // pad the first column and left-justify all columns
+ cout << left
+ << "i: " << setw(12) << i << "next col" << '\n'
+ << "d: " << setw(12) << d << "next col" << '\n'
+ << right; // restore normal justification
+
+ // pad the first column and right-justify all columns
+ cout << right
+ << "i: " << setw(12) << i << "next col" << '\n'
+ << "d: " << setw(12) << d << "next col" << '\n';
+
+ // pad the first column but put the padding internal to the field
+ cout << internal
+ << "i: " << setw(12) << i << "next col" << '\n'
+ << "d: " << setw(12) << d << "next col" << '\n';
+
+ // pad the first column, using # as the pad character
+ cout << setfill('#')
+ << "i: " << setw(12) << i << "next col" << '\n'
+ << "d: " << setw(12) << d << "next col" << '\n'
+ << setfill(' '); // restore the normal pad character
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ char ch;
+ while (cin >> ch)
+ cout << ch;
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Version_test.h"
+
+// if the regular expression library isn't support, do nothing
+#ifdef REGEX
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <regex>
+using std::regex; using std::sregex_iterator; using std::smatch;
+using std::regex_error;
+
+int main()
+{
+ try {
+ // r has two subexpressions:
+ // the first is the part of the file name before the period
+ // the second is the file extension
+ regex r("([[:alnum:]]+)\\.(cpp|cxx|cc)$", regex::icase);
+ smatch results;
+ string filename;
+ while (cin >> filename)
+ if (regex_search(filename, results, r))
+ cout << results.str(1) << endl;
+ // print the first subexpression
+ } catch (regex_error e)
+ { cout << e.what() << " " << e.code() << endl; }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+#else
+
+// do nothing
+int main() { return 0; }
+
+#endif
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <list>
+using std::list;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <tuple>
+using std::tuple; using std::get;
+using std::tuple_size; using std::tuple_element;
+using std::make_tuple;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // tuple that represents a bookstore transaction:
+ // ISBN, count, price per book
+ auto item = make_tuple("0-999-78345-X", 3, 20.00);
+ auto book = get<0>(item); // returns the first member of item
+ auto cnt = get<1>(item); // returns the second member of item
+ auto price = get<2>(item)/cnt; // returns the last member of item
+ get<2>(item) *= 0.8; // apply 20% discount
+
+ cout << book << " " << cnt << " " << price << endl;
+
+ typedef decltype(item) trans; // trans is the type of item
+
+ // returns the number of members in object's of type trans
+ size_t sz = tuple_size<trans>::value; // returns 3
+
+ // cnt has the same type as the second member in item
+ tuple_element<1, trans>::type cnt2 = get<1>(item); // cnt is an int
+ tuple_element<0, trans>::type book2 = get<0>(item);
+ tuple_element<2, trans>::type price2 = get<2>(item);
+ cout << tuple_size<trans>::value << endl;
+
+ cout << book2 << " " << cnt2 << " " << price2 << endl;
+
+ tuple<size_t, size_t, size_t> threeD; // all three members set to 0
+ tuple<string, vector<double>, int, list<int>>
+ someVal("constants", {3.14, 2.718}, 42, {0,1,2,3,4,5});
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Version_test.h"
+
+// if the regular expression library isn't support, do nothing
+#ifdef REGEX
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <regex>
+using std::regex; using std::sregex_iterator; using std::smatch;
+using std::regex_error;
+
+// the area code doesn't have a separator;
+// the remaining separators must be equal
+// OR the area code parens are correct and
+// the next separator is blank or missing
+bool valid(const smatch& m)
+{
+ // if there is an open parenthesis before the area code
+ if(m[1].matched)
+ // the area code must be followed by a close parenthesis
+ // and followed immediately by the rest of the number or a space
+ return m[3].matched
+ && (m[4].matched == 0 || m[4].str() == " ");
+ else
+ // then there can't be a close after the area code
+ // the delimiters between the other two components must match
+ return !m[3].matched
+ && m[4].str() == m[6].str();
+}
+int main()
+{
+ // phone has 10 digits, optional parentheses around the area code
+ // components are separated by an optional space, ',' or '-'
+ string phone = "\\(?\\d{3}\\)?[-. ]?\\d{3}[-. ]?\\d{4}";
+
+ // our overall expression has seven subexpressions:
+ // ( ddd ) separator ddd separator dddd
+ // subexpressions 1, 3, 4, and 6 are optional;
+ // subexpressions 2, 5, and 7 hold the number
+ phone = "(\\()?(\\d{3})(\\))?([-. ])?(\\d{3})([-. ]?)(\\d{4})";
+ regex r(phone); // a regex to find our pattern
+ smatch m; // a match object to hold the results
+ string s; // a string to search
+
+ // read each record from the input file
+ while (getline(cin, s)) {
+ // for each matching phone number
+ for (sregex_iterator it(s.begin(), s.end(), r), end_it;
+ it != end_it; ++it)
+ // check whether the number's formatting is valid
+ if (valid(*it))
+ cout << "valid: " << it->str() << endl;
+ else
+ cout << "not valid: " << it->str() << endl;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+#else
+
+// do nothing
+int main() { return 0; }
+
+#endif
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Version_test.h"
+
+// if the regular expression library isn't support, do nothing
+#ifdef REGEX
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <regex>
+using std::regex; using std::sregex_iterator; using std::smatch;
+
+int main()
+{
+ string zip = "\\d{5}-\\d{4}|\\d{5}";
+
+ string test_str = "908.647.4306 164 gates, 07933 07933-1257";
+ regex r(zip); // a regex to find the parts in our pattern
+ smatch results;
+
+ if (regex_search(test_str, results, r))
+ cout << results.str() << endl;
+
+ sregex_iterator it(test_str.begin(), test_str.end(), r);
+ sregex_iterator end_it; // end iterator
+ while (it != end_it) {
+ cout << it->str() << endl; // print current match
+ ++it; // advance iterator for next search
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+#else
+
+// do nothing
+int main() { return 0; }
+
+#endif
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Animal.h"
+#include <iostream>
+using std::ostream; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+// operations that take references to base classes of type Panda
+void print(const Bear&)
+{
+ cout << "print(const Bear&)" << std::endl;
+
+}
+void highlight(const Endangered&)
+{
+ cout << "highlight(const Endangered&)" << std::endl;
+}
+
+ostream& operator<<(ostream &os, const ZooAnimal&)
+{
+ return os << "ZooAnimal output operator" << endl;
+}
+
+int main() {
+ Panda ying_yang("ying_yang");
+
+ print(ying_yang); // passes Panda to a reference to Bear
+ highlight(ying_yang); // passes Panda to a reference to Endangered
+ cout << ying_yang << endl; // passes Panda to a reference to ZooAnimal
+ Panda ling_ling = ying_yang; // uses the copy constructor
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <algorithm>
+
+class Endangered {
+public:
+ virtual ~Endangered()
+ { std::cout << "Endangered dtor" << std::endl; }
+ virtual std::ostream& print() const
+ { return std::cout << "Endangered::print" << std::endl; }
+ virtual void highlight() const
+ { std::cout << "Endangered::highlight" << std::endl; }
+ virtual double max_weight() const
+ { std::cout << "Endangered::max_weight" << std::endl; return 0; }
+ // . . .
+};
+
+class ZooAnimal;
+extern std::ostream&
+operator<<(std::ostream&, const ZooAnimal&);
+
+class ZooAnimal {
+public:
+ ZooAnimal() = default;
+ ZooAnimal(std::string animal, bool exhibit,
+ std::string family): nm(animal),
+ exhibit_stat(exhibit),
+ fam_name(family) { }
+ virtual ~ZooAnimal()
+ { std::cout << "Animal dtor" << std::endl; }
+
+ virtual std::ostream& print() const
+ { return std::cout << "Animal::print" << std::endl; }
+ virtual int population() const
+ { std::cout << "Animal::population" << std::endl; return 0;}
+ virtual double max_weight() const
+ { std::cout << "Animal::max_weight" << std::endl; return 0;}
+
+ // accessors
+ std::string name() const { return nm; }
+ std::string family_name() const { return fam_name; }
+ bool onExhibit() const { return exhibit_stat; }
+ // . . .
+protected:
+ std::string nm;
+ bool exhibit_stat = false;
+ std::string fam_name;
+ // . . .
+private:
+};
+
+using DanceType = unsigned;
+constexpr DanceType two_left_feet = 0;
+constexpr DanceType Astaire = 1;
+constexpr DanceType Rogers = 42;
+
+class Bear : public ZooAnimal {
+public:
+ Bear() = default;
+ Bear(std::string name, bool onExhibit=true,
+ std::string family = "Bear"):
+ ZooAnimal(name, onExhibit, family),
+ dancetype(two_left_feet) { }
+
+ virtual std::ostream &print() const
+ { return std::cout << "Bear::print" << std::endl; }
+ virtual int toes() const
+ { std::cout << "Bear::toes" << std::endl; return 0; }
+ int mumble(int)
+ { std::cout << "Bear::mumble" << std::endl; return 0; }
+ void dance(DanceType) const
+ { std::cout << "Bear::dance" << std::endl; }
+
+ virtual ~Bear()
+ { std::cout << "Bear dtor" << std::endl; }
+private:
+ DanceType dancetype = Rogers;
+};
+
+class Panda : public Bear, public Endangered {
+public:
+ Panda() = default;
+ Panda(std::string name, bool onExhibit=true);
+ virtual ~Panda()
+ { std::cout << "Panda dtor" << std::endl; }
+ virtual std::ostream& print() const
+ { return std::cout << "Panda::print" << std::endl; }
+ void highlight()
+ { std::cout << "Panda::highlight" << std::endl; }
+ virtual int toes()
+ { std::cout << "Panda::toes" << std::endl; return 0; }
+ virtual void cuddle()
+ { std::cout << "Panda::cuddle" << std::endl; }
+ virtual double max_weight() const;
+// . . .
+};
+
+inline
+Panda::Panda(std::string name, bool onExhibit)
+ : Bear(name, onExhibit, "Panda") { }
+
+inline
+double Panda::max_weight() const
+{
+ return std::max(ZooAnimal::max_weight(),
+ Endangered::max_weight());
+}
+
+class PolarBear : public Bear { /* . . . */ };
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+#include <iostream>
+
+class Endangered {
+public:
+ enum Status { critical, environment, improving };
+ Endangered(Status stat = improving): animal_status(stat) { }
+ virtual ~Endangered()
+ {std::cout << "Endangered::~Endangered" << std::endl; }
+ virtual std::ostream& print(std::ostream&) const
+ { return std::cout << "Endangered::print" << std::endl; }
+ virtual void highlight() const
+ {std::cout << "Endangered::highlighted" << std::endl; }
+ // . . .
+private:
+ Status animal_status;
+};
+
+class ZooAnimal;
+extern std::ostream&
+operator<<(std::ostream&, const ZooAnimal&);
+
+class ZooAnimal {
+public:
+ ZooAnimal() = default;
+ ZooAnimal(std::string animal, bool exhibit,
+ std::string family): nm(animal),
+ exhibit_stat(exhibit),
+ fam_name(family) { }
+ virtual ~ZooAnimal()
+ {std::cout << "ZooAnimal::~ZooAnimal" << std::endl; }
+
+ virtual std::ostream& print(std::ostream&) const
+ { return std::cout << "ZooAnimal::print" << std::endl; }
+ virtual int population() const
+ {std::cout << "ZooAnimal::population" << std::endl; return 0;}
+
+ // accessors
+ std::string name() const { return nm; }
+ std::string family_name() const { return fam_name; }
+ bool onExhibit() const { return exhibit_stat; }
+ // . . .
+protected:
+ std::string nm;
+ bool exhibit_stat = false;
+ std::string fam_name;
+ // . . .
+private:
+};
+
+// the order of the keywords public and virtual is not significant
+class Raccoon : public virtual ZooAnimal {
+public:
+ Raccoon() = default;
+ Raccoon(std::string name, bool onExhibit=true);
+
+ virtual std::ostream& print(std::ostream&) const
+ { return std::cout << "Raccoon::print" << std::endl; }
+
+ bool pettable() const {return pettable_flag; }
+ void pettable(bool petval) {pettable_flag = petval;}
+ // . . .
+
+protected:
+ bool pettable_flag = false;
+ // . . .
+};
+
+class Bear : virtual public ZooAnimal {
+public:
+ // when the most derived class
+ Bear(std::string name, bool onExhibit=true);
+protected:
+ // when an intermediate derived class
+ Bear() : dance_flag(two_left_feet) { }
+
+public:
+ enum DanceType { two_left_feet, macarena, fandango };
+
+ virtual std::ostream &print(std::ostream&) const
+ { return std::cout << "Bear::print" << std::endl; }
+ virtual std::string isA() const
+ { std::cout << "Bear::isA" << std::endl; return "Bear"; }
+ int mumble(int)
+ { std::cout << "Bear::mumble" << std::endl; return 0; }
+ void dance(DanceType) const
+ { std::cout << "Bear::dance" << std::endl; }
+
+ virtual ~Bear() { std::cout << "Bear::~Bear" << std::endl; }
+private:
+ std::string name;
+ DanceType dance_flag;
+};
+
+class Panda : public Bear,
+ public Raccoon, public Endangered {
+public:
+ Panda() = default;
+ Panda(std::string name, bool onExhibit=true);
+ virtual std::ostream& print(std::ostream&) const
+ { return std::cout << "Panda::print" << std::endl; }
+
+ bool sleeping() const {return sleeping_flag;}
+ void sleeping(bool newval) {sleeping_flag = newval;}
+ // . . .
+
+protected:
+ bool sleeping_flag = false;
+ // . . .
+};
+
+
+Bear::Bear(std::string name, bool onExhibit):
+ ZooAnimal(name, onExhibit, "Bear") { }
+Raccoon::Raccoon(std::string name, bool onExhibit)
+ : ZooAnimal(name, onExhibit, "Raccoon") { }
+
+Panda::Panda(std::string name, bool onExhibit)
+ : ZooAnimal(name, onExhibit, "Panda"),
+ Bear(name, onExhibit),
+ Raccoon(name, onExhibit),
+ Endangered(Endangered::critical),
+ sleeping_flag(false) { }
+
--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ book_sales book
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::istream; using std::ostream;
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+#include "bookexcept.h"
+
+// this version of the compound assignment operator
+// throws an exception if the objects refer to different books
+Sales_data& Sales_data::operator+=(const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ if (isbn() != rhs.isbn())
+ throw isbn_mismatch("wrong isbns", isbn(), rhs.isbn());
+ units_sold += rhs.units_sold;
+ revenue += rhs.revenue;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+// operator+ code is unchanged, but because it uses +=
+// this version of the function also throws when called
+// for books whose isbns differ
+Sales_data
+operator+(const Sales_data &lhs, const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ Sales_data sum = lhs; // copy data members from lhs into sum
+ sum += rhs; // add rhs into sum
+ return sum;
+}
+
+// remaning functions unchanged from chapter 16
+// define the hash interface for Sales_data
+namespace std {
+size_t
+hash<Sales_data>::operator()(const Sales_data& s) const
+{
+ return hash<string>()(s.bookNo) ^
+ hash<unsigned>()(s.units_sold) ^
+ hash<double>()(s.revenue);
+}
+} // close the std namespace; note: no semicolon after the close curly
+
+// remaining members unchanged from chapter 14
+Sales_data::Sales_data(istream &is)
+{
+ is >> *this; // read a transaction from is into this object
+}
+
+double Sales_data::avg_price() const
+{
+ if (units_sold)
+ return revenue/units_sold;
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+istream &operator>>(istream &is, Sales_data &item)
+{
+ double price; // no need to initialize; we'll read into price before we use it
+ is >> item.bookNo >> item.units_sold >> price;
+ if (is) // check that the inputs succeeded
+ item.revenue = item.units_sold * price;
+ else
+ item = Sales_data(); // input failed: give the object the default state
+ return is;
+}
+
+ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const Sales_data &item)
+{
+ os << item.isbn() << " " << item.units_sold << " "
+ << item.revenue << " " << item.avg_price();
+ return os;
+}
+
+// operators replace these original named functions
+istream &read(istream &is, Sales_data &item)
+{
+ double price = 0;
+ is >> item.bookNo >> item.units_sold >> price;
+ item.revenue = price * item.units_sold;
+ return is;
+}
+ostream &print(ostream &os, const Sales_data &item)
+{
+ os << item.isbn() << " " << item.units_sold << " "
+ << item.revenue << " " << item.avg_price();
+ return os;
+}
+
+Sales_data add(const Sales_data &lhs, const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ Sales_data sum = lhs; // copy data members from lhs into sum
+ sum += rhs; // add rhs into sum
+ return sum;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+#include "bookexcept.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cerr; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // use the hypothetical bookstore exceptions
+ Sales_data item1, item2, sum;
+ while (cin >> item1 >> item2) { // read two transactions
+ try {
+ sum = item1 + item2; // calculate their sum
+ // use sum
+ } catch (const isbn_mismatch &e) {
+ cerr << e.what() << ": left isbn(" << e.left
+ << ") right isbn(" << e.right << ")" << endl;
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef BOOKEXCEPT_H
+#define BOOKEXCEPT_H
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
+
+// hypothetical exception classes for a bookstore application
+class out_of_stock: public std::runtime_error {
+public:
+ explicit out_of_stock(const std::string &s):
+ std::runtime_error(s) { }
+};
+
+class isbn_mismatch: public std::logic_error {
+public:
+ explicit isbn_mismatch(const std::string &s):
+ std::logic_error(s) { }
+ isbn_mismatch(const std::string &s,
+ const std::string &lhs, const std::string &rhs):
+ std::logic_error(s), left(lhs), right(rhs) { }
+ const std::string left, right;
+};
+
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+ */
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+int main()
+{
+ std::string s;
+
+ // ok: calls std::getline(std::istream&, const std::string&)
+ getline(std::cin, s);
+
+ std::cout << s << std::endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+0-201-70353-X 4 24.99
+0-201-82470-1 4 45.39
+0-201-88954-4 2 15.00
+0-201-88954-4 5 12.00
+0-201-88954-4 7 12.00
+0-201-88954-4 2 12.00
+0-399-82477-1 2 45.39
+0-399-82477-1 3 45.39
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+namespace primerLib {
+ void compute() { cout << "primerLib::compute()" << endl; }
+ void compute(const void *)
+ { cout << "primerLib::compute(const void *)" << endl; }
+}
+
+// brings comput() and compute(const void*) into scope
+using primerLib::compute;
+
+void compute(int) { cout << "compute(int)" << endl; }
+void compute(double, double = 3.4)
+ { cout << "compute(double, double)" << endl; }
+void compute(char*, char* = 0)
+ { cout << "compute(char*, char*)" << endl; }
+
+int main()
+{
+ int i = 42;
+ char c = 'a';
+ compute(i); // compute(int)
+ compute(c); // compute(int)
+ compute(&i); // primerLib::compute(const void*)
+ compute(&c); // compute(char*, char*)
+ compute(3.4);// compute(double, double)
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace NS {
+ class Quote {
+ public:
+ Quote() { std::cout << "Quote::Quote" << std::endl; }
+ };
+ void display(const Quote&)
+ { std::cout << "display(const Quote&)" << std::endl; }
+}
+
+// Bulk_item's base class is declared in namespace NS
+class Bulk_item : public NS::Quote {
+public:
+ Bulk_item() { std::cout << "Bulk_item::Bulk_item" << std::endl; }
+};
+
+int main() {
+ Bulk_item book1;
+
+ display(book1); // calls Quote::display
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = Animal.exe book.exe class.exe \
+ ex-over.exe inherit.exe mi-scope.exe\
+ over.exe over2.exe spec.exe \
+ usingDirective.exe virt-inherit.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+LOCFLAGS = -I../16
+
+Animal.o: Animal.h
+book.o: ../16/Sales_data.h bookexcept.h
+virt-inherit.o: Animal_virtual_baseVers.h
+
+book.exe: book.o bookexcept.h Sales_data.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) book.o Sales_data.o -o book.exe
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <iostream>
+
+struct Base1 {
+ void print(int) const // public by default
+ { std::cout << "Base1::print(int) " << ival << std::endl; }
+protected:
+ int ival = 1;
+};
+
+struct Base2 {
+ void print(double) const // public by default
+ { std::cout << "Base2::print(double) " << ival << std::endl; }
+protected:
+ int ival = 2;
+};
+
+struct Derived : public Base1 {
+ void print(std::string) const // public by default
+ { std::cout << "Derived::print(string) " << ival << std::endl; }
+protected:
+ int ival = 3;
+};
+
+struct MI : public Derived, public Base2 {
+ void print(std::vector<double>) // public by default
+ { std::cout << "MI::print(int(vector<double>) "
+ << ival << std::endl; }
+protected:
+ int ival = 4;
+};
+
+int main()
+{
+ MI obj;
+ obj.Base1::print(0);
+ obj.Base2::print(3.14);
+ obj.Derived::print("hi");
+ obj.print(std::vector<double>());
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace libs_R_us {
+ extern void print(int)
+ { std::cout << "libs_R_us::print(int)" << std::endl; }
+ extern void print(double)
+ { std::cout << "libs_R_us::print(double)" << std::endl; }
+}
+
+// ordinary declaration
+void print(const std::string &)
+{
+ std::cout << "print(const std::string &)" << std::endl;
+}
+
+// this using directive adds names to the candidate set for calls to print:
+using namespace libs_R_us;
+
+// the candidates for calls to print at this point in the program are:
+// print(int) from libs_R_us
+// print(double) from libs_R_us
+// print(const std::string &) declared explicitly
+
+int main()
+{
+ int ival = 42;
+ print("Value: "); // calls global print(const string &)
+ print(ival); // calls libs_R_us::print(int)
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace AW {
+ int print(int i)
+ { std::cout << "AW::print(int)" << std::endl; return i; }
+}
+namespace Primer {
+ double print(double d)
+ { std::cout << "Primer::print(double)" << std::endl; return d; }
+}
+
+// using directives create an overload set of functions from different namespaces
+using namespace AW;
+using namespace Primer;
+
+long double print(long double);
+
+int main() {
+ print(1); // calls AW::print(int)
+ print(3.1); // calls Primer::print(double)
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+echo "book: " && ./book.exe < data/book_sales
+
+../noinput Animal.exe ex-over.exe inherit.exe mi-scope.exe\
+ over.exe over2.exe spec.exe \
+ usingDirective.exe virt-inherit.exe
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <exception>
+using std::exception;
+
+// this function will compile, even though it clearly violates its exception specification
+void f() noexcept // promises not to throw any exception
+{
+ throw exception(); // violates the exception specification
+}
+
+void g() { }
+void h() noexcept(noexcept(f())) { f(); }
+void i() noexcept(noexcept(g())) { g(); }
+int main()
+{
+ try {
+ cout << "f: " << std::boolalpha << noexcept(f()) << endl;
+ cout << "g: " << std::boolalpha << noexcept(g()) << endl;
+ cout << "h: " << std::boolalpha << noexcept(h()) << endl;
+ cout << "i: " << std::boolalpha << noexcept(i()) << endl;
+ f();
+ } catch (exception &e) {
+ cout << "caught " << e.what() << endl;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+// namespace A and function f are defined at global scope
+namespace A {
+ int i = 0, j = 42;
+}
+
+void f()
+{
+ using namespace A; // injects the names from A into the global scope
+
+ // uses i and j from namespace A
+ cout << "i: " << i << " j: " << j << endl;
+}
+
+namespace blip {
+ int i = 16, j = 15, k = 23;
+ void f()
+ { cout << "i: " << i << " j: " << j << " k: " << k << endl; }
+}
+
+int j = 0; // ok: j inside blip is hidden inside a namespace
+
+int main()
+{
+ // using directive;
+ // the names in blip are ``added'' to the global scope
+ using namespace blip; // clash between ::j and blip::j
+ // detected only if j is used
+
+ ++i; // sets blip::i to 17
+ ++::j; // ok: sets global j to 1
+ ++blip::j; // ok: sets blip::j to 16
+
+ int k = 97; // local k hides blip::k
+ ++k; // sets local k to 98
+
+ ::f();
+ blip::f();
+ cout << "j: " << ::j << " k: " << k << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Animal_virtual_baseVers.h"
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl; using std::ostream;
+
+void dance(const Bear&)
+ { cout << "dance(const Bear&)" << endl; }
+
+void rummage(const Raccoon&)
+ { cout << "rummage(const Raccoon&)" << endl; }
+
+ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const ZooAnimal&)
+ { return cout << "ZooAnimal output operator" << endl; }
+
+int main ()
+{
+ Panda ying_yang;
+ dance(ying_yang); // ok: passes Panda object as a Bear
+ rummage(ying_yang); // ok: passes Panda object as a Raccoon
+
+ cout << ying_yang; // ok: passes Panda object as a ZooAnimal
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+None of the programs in this chapter read input.
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced. Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Screen.h"
+
+Screen::Action Screen::Menu[] = { &Screen::home,
+ &Screen::forward,
+ &Screen::back,
+ &Screen::up,
+ &Screen::down,
+ };
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef SCREEN_H
+#define SCREEN_H
+
+#include <string>
+
+class Screen {
+public:
+ typedef std::string::size_type pos;
+
+ // Action is a type that can point to a member function of Screen
+ // that returns a reference to a Screen and takes no arguments
+ using Action = Screen&(Screen::*)();
+
+ // constructor: build screen of given size containing all blanks
+ Screen(pos ht = 0, pos wd = 0): contents(ht * wd, ' '), cursor(0),
+ height(ht), width(wd) { }
+ friend int main();
+ // data is a static member that returns a pointer to member
+ static const std::string Screen::*data()
+ { return &Screen::contents; }
+
+ char get_cursor() const { return contents[cursor]; }
+ char get() const { return contents[cursor]; }
+ inline char get(pos ht, pos wd) const;
+private:
+ std::string contents;
+ pos cursor;
+ pos height, width;
+
+public:
+ // cursor movement functions
+ // beware: these functions don't check whether the operation is valid
+ Screen& home() { cursor = 0; return *this; }
+ Screen& forward() { ++cursor; return *this; }
+ Screen& back() { --cursor; return *this; }
+ Screen& up() { cursor += height; return *this; }
+ Screen& down() {cursor -= height; return *this; }
+
+ // specify which direction to move; enum see XREF(enums)
+ enum Directions { HOME, FORWARD, BACK, UP, DOWN };
+ Screen& move(Directions);
+private:
+ static Action Menu[]; // function table
+};
+
+char Screen::get(pos r, pos c) const // declared as inline in the class
+{
+ pos row = r * width; // compute row location
+ return contents[row + c]; // return character at the given column
+}
+
+inline
+Screen& Screen::move(Directions cm)
+{
+ // run the element indexed by cm on this object
+ return (this->*Menu[cm])(); // Menu[cm] points to a member function
+}
+
+#endif
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef TEXTQUERY_H
+#define TEXTQUERY_H
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include <set>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <cctype>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <utility>
+
+class TextQuery {
+public:
+ class QueryResult; // nested class to be defined later
+ // other members as in XREF(TextQueryClass)
+ typedef std::vector<std::string>::size_type line_no;
+ TextQuery(std::ifstream&);
+ QueryResult query(const std::string&) const;
+ void display_map(); // debugging aid: print the map
+private:
+ std::shared_ptr<std::vector<std::string>> file; // input file
+ // map of each word to the set of the lines in which that word appears
+ std::map<std::string,
+ std::shared_ptr<std::set<line_no>>> wm;
+ // characters that constitute whitespace
+ static std::string whitespace_chars;
+ // canonicalizes text: removes punctuation and makes everything lower case
+ static std::string cleanup_str(const std::string&);
+};
+
+//we're defining the QueryResult class that is a member of class TextQuery
+class TextQuery::QueryResult {
+ // in class scope, we don't have to qualify the name of the QueryResult parameters
+ friend std::ostream&
+ print(std::ostream&, const QueryResult&);
+public:
+ // no need to define QueryResult::line_no; a nested class can use a member
+ // of its enclosing class without needing to qualify the member's name
+ QueryResult(std::string,
+ std::shared_ptr<std::set<line_no>>,
+ std::shared_ptr<std::vector<std::string>>);
+ // other members as in XREF(TextQueryClass)
+ typedef std::set<line_no>::const_iterator line_it;
+ std::set<line_no>::size_type size() const { return lines->size(); }
+ line_it begin() const { return lines->cbegin(); }
+ line_it end() const { return lines->cend(); }
+ std::shared_ptr<std::vector<std::string>> get_file() { return file; }
+private:
+ std::string sought; // word this query represents
+ std::shared_ptr<std::set<line_no>> lines; // lines it's on
+ std::shared_ptr<std::vector<std::string>> file; //input file
+ static int static_mem;
+};
+std::ostream &print(std::ostream&, const TextQuery::QueryResult&);
+
+using std::shared_ptr; using std::string; using std::set;
+using std::vector;
+
+inline
+// defining the member named QueryResult for the class named QueryResult
+// that is nested inside the class TextQuery
+TextQuery::QueryResult::QueryResult(string s,
+ shared_ptr<set<line_no>> p,
+ shared_ptr<vector<string>> f):
+ sought(s), lines(p), file(f) { }
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef TOKEN_H
+#define TOKEN_H
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "Token.h"
+
+class Token {
+friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream&, const Token&);
+public:
+ // copy control needed because our class has a union with a string member
+ // defining the move constructor and move-assignment operator is left as an exercise
+ Token(): tok(INT), ival{0} { }
+ Token(const Token &t): tok(t.tok) { copyUnion(t); }
+ Token &operator=(const Token&);
+ // if the union holds a string, we must destroy it; see XREF(expldtor)
+ ~Token() { if (tok == STR) sval.~string(); }
+ // assignment operators to set the differing members of the union
+ Token &operator=(const std::string&);
+ Token &operator=(char);
+ Token &operator=(int);
+ Token &operator=(double);
+private:
+ enum {INT, CHAR, DBL, STR} tok; // discriminant
+ union { // anonymous union
+ char cval;
+ int ival;
+ double dval;
+ std::string sval;
+ }; // each Token object has an unnamed member of this unnamed union type
+ // check the discriminant and copy the union member as appropriate
+ void copyUnion(const Token&);
+};
+
+inline
+void Token::copyUnion(const Token &t)
+{
+ switch (t.tok) {
+ case Token::INT: ival = t.ival; break;
+ case Token::CHAR: cval = t.cval; break;
+ case Token::DBL: dval = t.dval; break;
+ // to copy a string, construct it using placement new; see (XREF(placenew))
+ case Token::STR: new(&sval) std::string(t.sval); break;
+ }
+}
+
+inline
+std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Token &t)
+{
+ switch (t.tok) {
+ case Token::INT: return os << t.ival;
+ case Token::CHAR: return os << t.cval;
+ case Token::DBL: return os << t.dval;
+ case Token::STR: return os << t.sval;
+ }
+}
+
+inline
+Token &Token::operator=(double d)
+{
+ if (tok == STR) sval.~string(); // if we have a string, free it
+ dval = d;
+ tok = DBL;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline
+Token &Token::operator=(char c)
+{
+ if (tok == STR) sval.~string(); // if we have a string, free it
+ cval = c;
+ tok = CHAR;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline
+Token &Token::operator=(int i)
+{
+ if (tok == STR) sval.~string(); // if we have a string, free it
+ ival = i; // assign to the appropriate member
+ tok = INT; // update the discriminant
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline
+Token &Token::operator=(const std::string &s)
+{
+ if (tok == STR) // if we already hold a string, just do an assignment
+ sval = s;
+ else
+ new(&sval) std::string(s); // otherwise construct a string
+ tok = STR; // update the discriminant
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline
+Token &Token::operator=(const Token &t)
+{
+ // if this object holds a string and t doesn't, we have to free the old string
+ if (tok == STR && t.tok != STR) sval.~string();
+ if (tok == STR && t.tok == STR)
+ sval = t.sval; // no need to construct a new string
+ else
+ copyUnion(t); // will construct a string if t.tok is STR
+ tok = t.tok;
+ return *this;
+}
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced. Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+typedef unsigned int Bit;
+
+class File {
+ Bit mode: 2; // mode has 2 bits
+ Bit modified: 1; // modified has 1 bit
+ Bit prot_owner: 3; // prot_owner has 3 bits
+ Bit prot_group: 3; // prot_group has 3 bits
+ Bit prot_world: 3; // prot_world has 3 bits
+ // operations and data members of File
+public:
+ // file modes specified as octal literals; see XREF(intLiterals)
+ enum modes { READ = 01, WRITE = 02, EXECUTE = 03 };
+ File &open(modes);
+ void close();
+ void write();
+ bool isRead() const;
+ void setWrite();
+ void execute();
+ bool isExecute() const;
+};
+
+void File::write()
+{
+ modified = 1;
+ // . . .
+}
+
+void File::close()
+{
+ if (modified)
+ // . . . save contents
+ ;
+}
+
+inline bool File::isRead() const { return mode & READ; }
+inline void File::setWrite() { mode |= WRITE; }
+
+
+File &File::open(File::modes m)
+{
+ mode |= READ; // set the READ bit by default
+ // other processing
+ if (m & WRITE) // if opening READ and WRITE
+ // processing to open the file in read/write mode
+ cout << "myFile.mode READ is set" << endl;
+ return *this;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ File myFile;
+
+ myFile.open(File::READ);
+ if (myFile.isRead())
+ cout << "reading" << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+using std::ostream;
+
+#include <map>
+using std::map;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <functional>
+using std::bind; using std::function;
+using namespace std::placeholders;
+
+// this version of the desk calculator adds a class that
+// represents both the left and right shift operators.
+// This calss illustrates using pointers to member
+// in the desk calculator
+struct ShiftOps {
+ ShiftOps(std::ostream &o) : os(o) { }
+ unsigned Lshift(unsigned op1, unsigned op2)
+ { os << "Lshift: " << op1 << " " << op2; return op1 << op2; }
+ unsigned Rshift(unsigned op1, unsigned op2)
+ { os << "Rshift: " << op1 << " " << op2; return op1 >> op2; }
+private:
+ std::ostream &os;
+};
+
+// ordinary function
+int add(int i, int j) { return i + j; }
+
+// lambda, which generates an unnamed function-object class
+auto mod = [](int i, int j) { return i % j; };
+
+// function-object class
+// Note, in the first printing of The Primer this struct was named div
+struct divide {
+ int operator()(int denominator, int divisor) {
+ return denominator / divisor;
+ }
+};
+
+int main()
+{
+ function<int(int, int)> f1 = add; // function pointer
+ function<int(int, int)> f2 = divide(); // callable class type
+ function<int(int, int)> f3 = [](int i, int j) // lambda
+ { return i * j; };
+ cout << f1(4,2) << endl; // prints 6
+ cout << f2(4,2) << endl; // prints 2
+ cout << f3(4,2) << endl; // prints 8
+
+ // table of callable objects corresponding to each binary operator
+ // all the callables must take two ints and return an int
+ // an element can be a function pointer, function object, or lambda
+ map<string, function<int(int, int)>> binops = {
+ {"+", add}, // function pointer
+ {"-", std::minus<int>()}, // library function object
+ {"/", divide()}, // user-defined function object
+ {"*", [](int i, int j) { return i * j; }}, // unnamed lambda
+ {"%", mod} }; // named lambda object
+
+ cout << binops["+"](10, 5) << endl; // calls add(10, 5)
+ cout << binops["-"](10, 5) << endl; // uses the call operator of the minus<int> object
+ cout << binops["/"](10, 5) << endl; // uses the call operator of the divide object
+ cout << binops["*"](10, 5) << endl; // calls the lambda function object
+ cout << binops["%"](10, 5) << endl; // calls the lambda function object
+
+ // memp can point to either shift operation in ShiftOps
+ // memp points to the Lshift member
+ function<int (ShiftOps*, int, int)> memp = &ShiftOps::Lshift;
+
+ ShiftOps shift(cout); // declare an object to which to bind the member pointer
+ binops.insert({"<<", bind(memp, &shift, _1, _2)});
+ cout << binops["<<"](10, 5) << endl; // calls member function
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <typeinfo>
+using std::bad_cast;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+struct A { virtual ~A() { } };
+struct B : virtual public A { /* . . . */ };
+struct C : public B { /* . . . */ };
+struct D : public B, virtual public A { /* . . . */ };
+
+void exercises() {
+ A *pa = new C;
+ if (B *pb = dynamic_cast< B* >(pa))
+ cout << "cast from C to B* ok" << endl;
+ else
+ cout << "cast from C to B* not ok" << endl;
+ B *pb = new B;
+ if (C *pc = dynamic_cast< C* >(pb))
+ cout << "cast from B to C* ok" << endl;
+ else
+ cout << "cast from B to C* not ok" << endl;
+
+ A *pc = new C;
+ if (B *pb = dynamic_cast< B* >(pc))
+ cout << "cast C to B* ok" << endl;
+ else
+ cout << "cast C to B* not ok" << endl;
+
+ A *pd = new D;
+ if (B *pb = dynamic_cast< B* >(pd))
+ cout << "cast D to B* ok" << endl;
+ else
+ cout << "cast D to B* not ok" << endl;
+}
+
+struct Base {
+ virtual ~Base() {};
+};
+
+struct Derived: public Base { };
+
+void cast_to_ref(const Base &b)
+{
+ try {
+ const Derived &d = dynamic_cast<const Derived&>(b);
+ // use the Derived object to which b referred
+ } catch (bad_cast) {
+ cout << "called f with an object that is not a Derived" << endl;
+ }
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ Base *bp;
+ bp = new Derived; // bp actually points to a Derived object
+ if (Derived *dp = dynamic_cast<Derived*>(bp))
+ {
+ // use the Derived object to which dp points
+ } else { // bp points at a Base object
+ // use the Base object to which bp points
+ }
+
+ exercises();
+
+ cast_to_ref(*bp);
+ cast_to_ref(Base());
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+// unscoped enumeration; the underlying type is machine dependent
+enum Tokens {INLINE = 128, VIRTUAL = 129};
+
+void ff(Tokens)
+{
+ cout << "ff(Tokens)" << endl;
+}
+void ff(int)
+{
+ cout << "ff(int)" << endl;
+}
+void newf(int)
+{
+ cout << "newf(int)" << endl;
+}
+void newf(unsigned char)
+{
+ cout << "newf(unsigned char)" << endl;
+}
+
+int main() {
+ Tokens curTok = INLINE;
+ ff(128); // exactly matches ff(int)
+ ff(INLINE); // exactly matches ff(Tokens)
+ ff(curTok); // exactly matches ff(Tokens)
+
+ void newf(unsigned char);
+ void newf(int);
+ unsigned char uc = VIRTUAL;
+
+ newf(VIRTUAL); // calls newf(int)
+ newf(uc); // calls newf(unsigned char)
+
+ newf(129); // calls newf(int)
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+// forward declaration of unscoped enum named intValues
+enum intValues : unsigned long long; // unscoped, must specify a type
+enum class open_modes; // scoped enums can use int by default
+
+enum class open_modes {input, output, append};
+
+// input is an enumerator of open_modes
+open_modes om = open_modes::input;
+
+enum class intTypes {
+ charTyp = 8, shortTyp = 16, intTyp = 16,
+ longTyp = 32, long_longTyp = 64
+};
+
+constexpr intTypes charbits = intTypes::charTyp;
+
+enum intValues : unsigned long long {
+ charTyp = 255, shortTyp = 65535, intTyp = 65535,
+ longTyp = 4294967295UL,
+ long_longTyp = 18446744073709551615ULL
+};
+
+int main()
+{
+ enum color {red, yellow, green}; // unscoped enumeration
+ enum class peppers {red, yellow, green}; // enumerators are hidden
+
+ // unnamed, unscoped enum
+ enum {floatPrec = 6, doublePrec = 10, double_doublePrec = 10};
+
+ // enumerators are in scope for an unscoped enumeration
+ color eyes = green;
+
+ color hair = color::red; // we can explicitly access the enumerators
+ peppers p2 = peppers::red; // using red from peppers
+
+ int i = color::red; // unscoped enumerator implicitly converted to int
+
+ // point2d is 2, point2w is 3, point3d is 3, point3w is 4
+ enum class Points { point2d = 2, point2w,
+ point3d = 3, point3w };
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = bitfields.exe calc.exe dyn_cast.exe enum.exe enum-match.exe \
+ memFN-bind.exe tok2.exe typeid.exe useScreen.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+LOCFLAGS = -I../14
+
+Screen.o useScreen.o: Screen.h
+
+useScreen.exe: useScreen.o Screen.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) useScreen.o Screen.o -o useScreen.exe
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::find_if;
+
+#include <functional>
+using std::bind;
+using std::placeholders::_1;
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<string> svec = {"hi", "bye"};
+ // bind each string in the range to the implicit first argument to empty
+ auto it = find_if(svec.begin(), svec.end(),
+ bind(&string::empty, _1));
+ if (it == svec.end())
+ cout << "worked" << endl;
+ else
+ cout << "failed" << endl;
+ auto f = bind(&string::empty, _1);
+ f(*svec.begin()); // ok: argument is a string f will use .* to call empty
+ f(&svec[0]); // ok: argument is a pointer to string f will use .-> to call empty
+}
+
+
--- /dev/null
+bitfields.exe
+reading
+calc.exe
+6
+2
+8
+15
+5
+2
+50
+0
+Lshift: 10 5320
+dyn_cast.exe
+cast from C to B* ok
+cast from B to C* not ok
+cast C to B* ok
+cast D to B* ok
+called f with an object that is not a Derived
+enum.exe
+enum-match.exe
+ff(int)
+ff(Tokens)
+ff(Tokens)
+newf(int)
+newf(unsigned char)
+newf(int)
+memFN-bind.exe
+worked
+tok2.exe
+0 0
+boo
+good bye
+42
+typeid.exe
+i, A10_i, 10Sales_data, Ss, P4Base, 7Derived
+useScreen.exe
--- /dev/null
+../noinput bitfields.exe calc.exe dyn_cast.exe enum.exe \
+ enum-match.exe memFN-bind.exe tok2.exe typeid.exe \
+ useScreen.exe
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include "Token.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ Token token;
+ Token t2;
+ Token t3;
+ cout << t2 << " " << t3 << endl;
+ t2 = string("hi mom!");
+ t3 = "good bye";
+ token = t2;
+ token = "boo";
+ cout << token << endl;
+ t2 = t3;
+ cout << t2 << endl;
+
+ token = 42;
+ cout << token << endl;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <typeinfo>
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+struct Base {
+ virtual ~Base() { }
+};
+
+struct Derived : Base { };
+
+int main()
+{
+ int arr[10];
+ Derived d;
+ Base *p = &d;
+
+ cout << typeid(42).name() << ", "
+ << typeid(arr).name() << ", "
+ << typeid(Sales_data).name() << ", "
+ << typeid(std::string).name() << ", "
+ << typeid(p).name() << ", "
+ << typeid(*p).name() << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced. Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Screen.h"
+
+#include <functional>
+using std::function;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+struct X {
+ int foo(int i) { cout << "foo(" << i << ")" << endl; return i; }
+};
+
+void xfcn()
+{
+ function<int (X*, int)> f;
+ f = &X::foo; // pointer to member
+
+ X x;
+ int v = f(&x, 5);
+ cout << "v = " << v << endl;
+}
+
+int main ()
+{
+ // pdata can point to a string member of a const (or nonconst) Screen
+ const string Screen::*pdata; // uninitialized
+ pdata = &Screen::contents; // points to the contents member
+ auto pdata2 = &Screen::contents; // equivalent declaration
+
+ // data() returns a pointer to the contents member of class Screen
+ const string Screen::*pdata3 = Screen::data();
+
+ // Screen objects
+ Screen myScreen, *pScreen = &myScreen;
+ const Screen cScreen, *pcScreen = &cScreen;
+
+ // .* dereferences pdata to fetch the contents member
+ // from the object myScreen
+ auto str = myScreen.*pdata; // s is a string
+ auto cstr = cScreen.*pdata; // c is a const string
+
+ // ->* dereferences pdata to fetch contents
+ // from the object to which pScreen points
+ str = pScreen->*pdata;
+
+ // pmf is a pointer that can point to a Screen member function
+ // that takes no arguments, returns a char, and is const
+ // that returns a char and takes no arguments
+ auto pmf = &Screen::get_cursor;
+ char (Screen::*pmf2)() const = &Screen::get; // same type as pmf
+
+ pmf = &Screen::get; // which version of get deduced from type of pmf
+ pmf2 = &Screen::get_cursor;
+
+ Screen s;
+ char c1 = s.get_cursor(); // gets character at the cursor directly
+ char c2 = (s.*pmf2)(); // calls get_cursor indirectly through pmf2
+
+ // call the function to which pmf points
+ // on the object to which pScreen points
+ c1 = (pScreen->*pmf)();
+
+ // pmf3 points to the two-parameter version of get
+ char (Screen::*pmf3)(Screen::pos, Screen::pos) const = &Screen::get;
+ c1 = myScreen.get(0,0); // call two-parameter version of get
+ c2 = (myScreen.*pmf3)(0,0); // equivalent call to get
+
+ // Op is a type that can point to a member function of Screen
+ // that returns a char and takes two pos arguments
+ using Op = char (Screen::*)(Screen::pos, Screen::pos) const;
+ // equivalent declaration of Op using a typedef
+ typedef char (Screen::*Op)(Screen::pos, Screen::pos) const;
+
+ Op get = &Screen::get; // get points to the get member of Screen
+
+ myScreen.move(Screen::HOME); // invokes myScreen.home
+ myScreen.move(Screen::DOWN); // invokes myScreen.down
+
+ // bind an object of type function to a pointer to member
+ function<char (const Screen*)> f = &Screen::get_cursor;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ add_item Sales_data
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ Sales_data data1, data2;
+
+ // code to read into data1 and data2
+ double price = 0; // price per book, used to calculate total revenue
+
+ // read the first transactions: ISBN, number of books sold, price per book
+ std::cin >> data1.bookNo >> data1.units_sold >> price;
+ // calculate total revenue from price and units_sold
+ data1.revenue = data1.units_sold * price;
+
+ // read the second transaction
+ std::cin >> data2.bookNo >> data2.units_sold >> price;
+ data2.revenue = data2.units_sold * price;
+
+ // code to check whether data1 and data2 have the same ISBN
+ // and if so print the sum of data1 and data2
+ if (data1.bookNo == data2.bookNo) {
+ unsigned totalCnt = data1.units_sold + data2.units_sold;
+ double totalRevenue = data1.revenue + data2.revenue;
+
+ // print: ISBN, total sold, total revenue, average price per book
+ std::cout << data1.bookNo << " " << totalCnt
+ << " " << totalRevenue << " ";
+ if (totalCnt != 0)
+ std::cout << totalRevenue/totalCnt << std::endl;
+ else
+ std::cout << "(no sales)" << std::endl;
+
+ return 0; // indicate success
+ } else { // transactions weren't for the same ISBN
+ std::cerr << "Data must refer to the same ISBN"
+ << std::endl;
+ return -1; // indicate failure
+ }
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef SALES_DATA_H
+#define SALES_DATA_H
+
+#include <string>
+
+struct Sales_data {
+ std::string bookNo;
+ unsigned units_sold = 0;
+ double revenue = 0.0;
+};
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+int main()
+{
+ // i is an int; p is a pointer to int; r is a reference to int
+ int i = 1024, *p = &i, &r = i;
+
+ // three ways to print the value of i
+ std::cout << i << " " << *p << " " << r << std::endl;
+
+ int j = 42, *p2 = &j;
+ int *&pref = p2; // pref is a reference to the pointer p2
+
+ // prints the value of j, which is the int to which p2 points
+ std::cout << *pref << std::endl;
+
+ // pref refers to a pointer; assigning &i to pref makes p point to i
+ pref = &i;
+ std::cout << *pref << std::endl; // prints the value of i
+
+ // dereferencing pref yields i, the int to which p2 points;
+ *pref = 0; // changes i to 0
+
+ std::cout << i << " " << *pref << std::endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+int main()
+{
+ int i = 42;
+ std::cout << i << std::endl; // prints 42
+ if (i) // condition will evaluate as true
+ i = 0;
+ std::cout << i << std::endl; // prints 0
+
+ bool b = 42; // b is true
+ std::cout << b << std::endl; // prints 1
+
+ int j = b; // j has value 1
+ std::cout << j << std::endl; // prints 1
+
+ double pi = 3.14; // pi has value 3.14
+ std::cout << pi << std::endl; // prints 3.14
+
+ j = pi; // j has value 3
+ std::cout << j << std::endl; // prints 3
+
+ unsigned char c = -1; // assuming 8-bit chars, c has value 255
+ i = c; // the character with value 255 is an unprintable character
+ // assigns value of c (i.e., 255) to an int
+ std::cout << i << std::endl; // prints 255
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
--- /dev/null
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout;
+using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ int ival = 1024;
+ int *pi = &ival; // pi points to an int
+ int **ppi = π // ppi points to a pointer to an int
+ cout << "The value of ival\n"
+ << "direct value: " << ival << "\n"
+ << "indirect value: " << *pi << "\n"
+ << "doubly indirect value: " << **ppi
+ << endl;
+
+ int i = 2;
+ int *p1 = &i; // p1 points to i
+ *p1 = *p1 * *p1; // equivalent to i = i * i
+ cout << "i = " << i << endl;
+
+ *p1 *= *p1; // equivalent to i *= i
+ cout << "i = " << i << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ int a = 0;
+ decltype(a) c = a; // c is an int
+ decltype((a)) d = a; // d is a reference to a
+ ++c; // increments c, a (and d) unchanged
+ cout << "a: " << a << " c: " << c << " d: " << d << endl;
+ ++d; // increments a through the reference d
+ cout << "a: " << a << " c: " << c << " d: " << d << endl;
+
+ int A = 0, B = 0;
+ decltype((A)) C = A; // C is a reference to A
+ decltype(A = B) D = A; // D is also a reference to A
+ ++C;
+ cout << "A: " << A << " C: " << C << " D: " << D << endl;
+ ++D;
+ cout << "A: " << A << " C: " << C << " D: " << D << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main() {
+ std::cout << '\n'; // prints a newline
+ std::cout << "\tHi!\n"; // prints a tab followd by "Hi!" and a newline
+ std::cout << "Hi \x4dO\115!\n"; // prints Hi MOM! followed by a newline
+ std::cout << '\115' << '\n'; // prints M followed by a newline
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Sales_item.h"
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+
+
+int main() {
+
+ int v1(1024); // direct-initialization, functional form
+ int v2{1024}; // direct-initialization, list initializer form
+ int v3 = 1024; // copy-initialization
+ int v4 = {1024}; // copy-initialization, list initializer form
+
+
+ // alternative ways to initialize string from a character string literal
+ std::string titleA = "C++ Primer, 5th Ed.";
+ std::string titleB("C++ Primer, 5th Ed.");
+ std::string all_nines(10, '9'); // all_nines = "9999999999"
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+int main()
+{
+ std::cout << "Hello World!"; // simple character string literal
+ std::cout << ""; // empty character string literal
+ // literal using newlines and tabs
+ std::cout << "\nCC\toptions\tfile.[cC]\n";
+
+ // multiline string literal
+ std::cout << "a really, really long string literal "
+ "that spans two lines" << std::endl;
+
+ // three ways to print a capital M
+ std::cout << 'M' << " " << '\115' << " " << '\x4d' << std::endl;
+
+ unsigned long long bigVal = -1ULL;
+ std::cout << bigVal << std::endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = compounddecls.exe convs.exe dbl_ptr.exe \
+ decl-ex.exe escape.exe inits.exe \
+ literals.exe ref-ex.exe Sales_data.exe \
+ scope_levels.exe unsigned.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+LOCFLAGS = -I../1
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+int main()
+{
+ int i = 0, &ri = i; // ri is a reference to i
+ // ri is just another name for i;
+ // this statement prints the value of i twice
+ std::cout << i << " " << ri << std::endl;
+
+ i = 5; // changing i is reflected through ri as well
+ std::cout << i << " " << ri << std::endl;
+
+ ri = 10; // assigning to ri actually assigns to i
+ std::cout << i << " " << ri << std::endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+echo "Sales_data:" && ./Sales_data < data/add_item
+
+../noinput compounddecls.exe convs.exe dbl_ptr.exe \
+ decl-ex.exe escape.exe inits.exe \
+ literals.exe ref-ex.exe \
+ scope_levels.exe unsigned.exe
--- /dev/null
+echo on
+Sales_data < data/add_item
+
+for %%i in (compounddecls.exe convs.exe dbl_ptr.exe
+ decl-ex.exe escape.exe inits.exe
+ literals.exe ref-ex.exe
+ scope_levels.exe unsigned.exe ) do %%i
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+// Program for illustration purposes only: It is bad style for a function
+// to use a global variable and also define a local variable with the same name
+
+int reused = 42; // reused has global scope
+
+int main()
+{
+ int unique = 0; // unique has block scope
+
+ // output #1: uses global reused; prints 42 0
+ std::cout << reused << " " << unique << std::endl;
+
+ int reused = 0; // new, local object named reused hides global reused
+
+ // output #2: uses local reused; prints 0 0
+ std::cout << reused << " " << unique << std::endl;
+
+ // output #3: explicitly requests the global reused; prints 42 0
+ std::cout << ::reused << " " << unique << std::endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main()
+{
+ unsigned u = 10, u2 = 42;
+ std::cout << u2 - u << std::endl;
+ std::cout << u - u2 << std::endl;
+
+ int i = 10, i2 = 42;
+ std::cout << i2 - i << std::endl;
+ std::cout << i - i2 << std::endl;
+
+ u = 42;
+ i = 10;
+ std::cout << i - u << std::endl;
+ std::cout << u - i << std::endl;
+
+ u = 10;
+ i = -42;
+ std::cout << i + i << std::endl; // prints -84
+ std::cout << u + i << std::endl; // if 32-bit ints, prints 4294967264
+
+ i = 10;
+ std::cout << "good" << std::endl;
+ while (i >= 0) {
+ std::cout << i << std::endl;
+ --i;
+ }
+
+ for (int i = 10; i >= 0; --i)
+ std::cout << i << std::endl;
+
+ for (unsigned u = 0; u <= 10; ++u)
+ std::cout << u << std::endl; // prints 0 . . . 10
+
+/* NOTE: the condition in the following loop
+ will run indefinitely
+ // WRONG: u can never be less than 0; the condition will always succeed
+ for (unsigned u = 10; u >= 0; --u)
+ std::cout << u << std::endl;
+*/
+ u = 11; // start the loop one past the first element we want to print
+ while (u > 0) {
+ --u; // decrement first, so that the last iteration will print 0
+ std::cout << u << std::endl;
+ }
+
+ // be wary of comparing ints and unsigned
+ u = 10;
+ i = -42;
+ if (i < u) // false: i is converted to unsigned
+ std::cout << i << std::endl;
+ else
+ std::cout << u << std::endl; // prints 10
+
+ u = 42; u2 = 10;
+ std::cout << u - u2 << std::endl; // ok: result is 32
+ std::cout << u2 - u << std::endl; // ok: but the result will wrap around
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ add add_using
+ grades arrayScores
+ grades vecScores
+ hexify hexify
+ ptr_traversal2 ptr_traversal2
+ string_io string_io
+ string_io2 string_io
+ vecStrings2 vecStrings2
+ word_echo getline
+ word_echo string_size2
+ word_echo string_size3
+ word_echo word_echo
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+// using declarations for names from the standard library
+using std::cin;
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ cout << "Enter two numbers:" << endl;
+
+ int v1, v2;
+ cin >> v1 >> v2;
+
+ cout << "The sum of " << v1 << " and " << v2
+ << " is " << v1 + v2 << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+
+int main ()
+{
+ vector<unsigned> grades;
+ // count the number of grades by clusters of ten:
+ // 0--9, 10--19, . . . 90--99, 100
+ unsigned scores[11] = {}; // 11 buckets, all value initialized to 0
+ unsigned grade;
+ while (cin >> grade) {
+ if (grade <= 100)
+ // increment the counter for the current cluster
+ ++scores[grade/10];
+ grades.push_back(grade);
+ }
+ cout << "grades.size = " << grades.size() << endl;
+
+ for (auto g : grades) // for every element in grades
+ cout << g << " " ;
+ cout << endl;
+
+ for (auto i : scores) // for each counter in scores
+ cout << i << " "; // print the value of that counter
+ cout << endl;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <cctype>
+using std::isupper; using std::toupper;
+using std::islower; using std::tolower;
+using std::isalpha; using std::isspace;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ string s("Hello World!!!");
+ // punct_cnt has the same type that s.size returns
+ decltype(s.size()) punct_cnt = 0;
+
+ // count the number of punctuation characters in s
+ for (auto c : s) // for every char in s
+ if (ispunct(c)) // if the character is punctuation
+ ++punct_cnt; // increment the punctuation counter
+
+ cout << punct_cnt
+ << " punctuation characters in " << s << endl;
+
+ // convert s to uppercase
+ string orig = s;
+ for (auto &c : s) // for every char in s (note: c is a reference)
+ // c is a reference, so this assignment changes the char in s
+ c = toupper(c);
+ cout << s << endl;
+
+ // convert first word in s to uppercase
+ s = orig; // restore s to original case
+ decltype(s.size()) index = 0;
+
+ // process characters in s until we run out of characters
+ // or we hit a whitespace
+ while (index != s.size() && !isspace(s[index])) {
+
+ // s[index] returns a reference so we can change
+ // the underlying character
+ s[index] = toupper(s[index]);
+
+ // increment the index to look at the next character
+ // on the next iteration
+ ++index;
+ }
+ cout << s << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ string str("some string"), orig = str;
+ if (!str.empty()) // make sure there's a character to print
+ cout << str[0] << endl;// print the first character in str
+
+ if (!str.empty()) // make sure there's a character in str[0]
+ // assign a new value to the first character in str
+ str[0] = toupper(str[0]);
+ cout << str << endl;
+
+ str = orig; // restore str to its original value
+
+ // equivalent code using iterators instead of subscripts
+ if (str.begin() != str.end()) { // make sure str is not empty
+ auto it = str.begin(); // it denotes the first character in str
+ *it = toupper(*it); // make that character uppercase
+ }
+ cout << str << endl;
+
+ str = orig; // restore str to its original value
+
+ // four wasy to capitalize first word in str:
+ // 1. for loop with subscripts
+ for (decltype(str.size()) index = 0;
+ index != str.size() && !isspace(str[index]); ++index)
+ str[index] = toupper(str[index]); // capitalize the current character
+ cout << str << endl;
+
+ str = orig; // restore str to its original value
+
+ // 2. for loop with iterators instead of subscripts
+ for (auto it = str.begin(); it != str.end() && !isspace(*it); ++it)
+ *it = toupper(*it); // capitalize the current character
+ cout << str << endl;
+
+ str = orig; // restore str to its original value
+
+ // 3. while instead of a for with subscripts
+ decltype(str.size()) index = 0; // subscript to look at characters in str
+ while (index != str.size() && !isspace(str[index])) {
+ str[index] = toupper(str[index]); // capitalize the current character
+ ++index; // advance the index to get the next character
+ }
+ cout << str << endl;
+
+ // 4. while loop with iterators
+ auto beg = str.begin();
+ while (beg != str.end() && !isspace(*beg)) {
+ *beg = toupper(*beg);
+ ++beg;
+ }
+ cout << str << endl;
+
+ str = orig; // restore str to its original value
+
+ // range for loop to process every character
+ // first a loop to print the characters in str one character to a line
+ for (auto c : str) // for every char in str
+ cout << c << endl; // print the current character followed by a newline
+
+ // next change every character in str
+ for (auto &c : str) // note: c is a reference
+ c = '*'; // assign a new value to the underlying char in str
+ cout << str << endl;
+
+ str = orig; // restore str to its original value
+
+ // equivalent code using traditional for loops
+ // first print the characters in str
+ for (decltype(str.size()) ix = 0; ix != str.size(); ++ix)
+ cout << str[ix] << endl; // print current character followd by a newline
+
+ // next change every character in str
+ for (decltype(str.size()) ix = 0; ix != str.size(); ++ix)
+ str[ix] = '*'; // assigns a new value to the character in str
+ cout << str << endl;
+
+ str = orig; // restore str to its original value
+
+ // equivalent code using traditional for loops and iterators
+ // first print the characters in str
+ for (auto beg = str.begin(); beg != str.end(); ++beg)
+ cout << *beg << endl; // print current character followd by a newline
+
+ // next change every character in str
+ for (auto beg = str.begin(); beg != str.end(); ++beg)
+ *beg = '*'; // assigns a new value to the character in str
+ cout << str << endl;
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <cstring>
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+int main() {
+ string s1 = "A string example";
+ string s2 = "A different string";
+
+ if (s1 < s2) // false: s2 is less than s1
+ cout << s1 << endl;
+ else
+ cout << s2 << endl;
+ const char ca1[] = "A string example";
+ const char ca2[] = "A different string";
+
+ if (strcmp(ca1, ca2) < 0) // same effect as string comparison s1 < s2
+ cout << ca1 << endl;
+ else
+ cout << ca2 << endl;
+
+ const char *cp1 = ca1, *cp2 = ca2;
+ cout << strcmp(cp1, cp2) << endl; // output is positive
+ cout << strcmp(cp2, cp1) << endl; // output is negative
+ cout << strcmp(cp1, cp1) << endl; // output is zero
+
+
+ cout << strlen(cp1) << endl; // prints 16; strlen ignores the null
+
+ const unsigned sz = 16 + 18 + 2;
+ char largeStr[sz]; // will hold the result
+ // disastrous if we miscalculated the size of largeStr
+ strcpy(largeStr, ca1); // copies ca1 into largeStr
+ strcat(largeStr, " "); // adds a space at the end of largeStr
+ strcat(largeStr, ca2); // concatenates ca2 onto largeStr
+ // prints A string example A different string
+ cout << largeStr << endl;
+
+ strncpy(largeStr, ca1, sz); // size to copy includes the null
+ if (strlen(ca1) > sz)
+ largeStr[sz-1] = '\0';
+ strncat(largeStr, " ", 2); // pedantic, but a good habit
+ strncat(largeStr, ca2, sz - strlen(largeStr));
+ cout << largeStr << endl;
+
+ // initialize large_string as a concatenation of s1, a space, and s2
+ string large_string = s1 + " " + s2;
+ cout << large_string << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+45
+65
+99
+100
+34
+67
+95
+76
+88
+75
+83
+92
+76
+93
--- /dev/null
+12 0 5 15 8 15
--- /dev/null
+now is the time for all good boys to use their sense
--- /dev/null
+345 42 5 34 8 -20 16 35 100 200
--- /dev/null
+ Hello World!
--- /dev/null
+When we subscript a string, we get back a character.
+When we subscript a vector, we get an object of whatever type the vector contains.
+We can use the resulting (unnamed) object in exactly the same way we can use any other object of that type.
+In particular, if the type is a class type, such as a library string, we can call member functions or use operators defined by the element type.
+
+As an example, let's write a program to capitalize the first word of every sentence in the first paragraph of some text.
+We'll assume that our input contains a series of lines.
+Each line is either a complete sentence or it contains only a newline.
+Lines containing a only a newline separate paragraphs.
--- /dev/null
+Now is the time for all good boys
+to come to the aid of the party
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string; using std::getline;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ string line;
+
+ // read input a line at a time until end-of-file
+ while (getline(cin, line))
+ cout << line << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+int main()
+{
+ const string hexdigits = "0123456789ABCDEF"; // possible hex digits
+
+ cout << "Enter a series of numbers between 0 and 15"
+ << " separated by spaces. Hit ENTER when finished: "
+ << endl;
+ string result; // will hold the resulting hexify'd string
+
+ string::size_type n; // hold numbers from the input
+ while (cin >> n)
+ if (n < hexdigits.size()) // ignore invalid input
+ result += hexdigits[n]; // fetch the indicated hex digit
+
+ cout << "Your hex number is: " << result << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = add_using.exe arrayScores.exe cctype.exe \
+ char_repl.exe cstring_hdr.exe getline.exe \
+ hexify.exe multidim.exe \
+ ptr_traversal2.exe square.exe strcompare.exe \
+ string_add.exe string_io.exe string_io2.exe \
+ string_size.exe string_size2.exe string_size3.exe \
+ vec_decls.exe vecStrings2.exe vecScores.exe \
+ vecSubs.exe word_echo.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+LOCFLAGS = -I../1
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::begin; using std::end;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // array of size 3; each element is an array of 4 uninitailzed ints
+ int ia1[3][4];
+
+ // array of size 10; each element is a 20-element array
+ // whose elements are arrays of 30 ints
+ int arr[10][20][30] = {0}; // initialize all elements to 0
+
+ // assigns the first element of arr to the last element
+ // in the last row of ia
+ ia1[2][3] = arr[0][0][0];
+
+ // binds row to the second four-element array in ia
+ int (&row)[4] = ia1[1];
+
+ // three elements, each element is an array of size 4
+ int ia2[3][4] = {
+ {0, 1, 2, 3}, // initializers for the row indexed by 0
+ {4, 5, 6, 7}, // initializers for the row indexed by 1
+ {8, 9, 10, 11} // initializers for the row indexed by 2
+ };
+
+ // equivalent initialization without the optional
+ // nested braces for each row
+ int ia3[3][4] = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11};
+
+ // explicitly initialize only element 0 in each row
+ int ia4[3][4] = {{ 0 }, { 4 }, { 8 }};
+
+ // explicitly initialize row 0; the remaining elements
+ // are value initialized
+ int ix[3][4] = {0, 3, 6, 9};
+
+ // prints 9 0 0
+ cout << ix[0][3] << ' ' << ix[1][0] << ' ' << ix[2][0] << endl;
+
+ constexpr size_t rowCnt = 3, colCnt = 4;
+ int ia[rowCnt][colCnt]; // 12 uninitialized elements
+
+ // for each row
+ for (size_t i = 0; i != rowCnt; ++i) {
+ // for each column within the row
+ for (size_t j = 0; j != colCnt; ++j) {
+ // assign the element's positional index as its value
+ ia[i][j] = i * colCnt + j;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // four ways to print the contents of ia
+ // 1. using nested range for loops
+ for (const auto &row : ia) // for every element in the outer array
+ for (auto col : row) // for every element in the inner array
+ cout << col << endl; // print the element's value
+ cout << ia[0][0] << ' ' << ia[2][3] << endl; // prints 0 11
+
+
+ // 2. using pointers and a traditional for loop
+ // with pointer arithmetic to calculate the end pointers
+ for (auto p = ia; p != ia + rowCnt; ++p) {
+ // q points to the first element of an array of four ints;
+ // that is, q points to an int
+ for (auto q = *p; q != *p + colCnt; ++q)
+ cout << *q << ' ';
+ cout << endl;
+ }
+
+ // 3. using pointers and a traditional for loop
+ // with the library begin and end functions to manage the pointers
+ for (auto p = begin(ia); p != end(ia); ++p) {
+ // q points to the first element in an inner array
+ for (auto q = begin(*p); q != end(*p); ++q)
+ cout << *q << ' '; // prints the int value to which q points
+ cout << endl;
+ }
+
+ // 4. using a type alias to declare the loop control variable
+ using int_array = int[4]; // new style type alias declaration
+
+ for (int_array *p = ia; p != ia + 3; ++p) {
+ for (int *q = *p; q != *p + 4; ++q)
+ cout << *q << ' ';
+ cout << endl;
+ }
+
+ // alternative way to assign positional index to elements
+ // in a two-dimensional array
+ int alt_ia[rowCnt][colCnt]; // 12 uninitialized elements
+ size_t cnt = 0;
+ for (auto &row : alt_ia) // for every element in the outer array
+ for (auto &col : row) { // for every element in the inner array
+ col = cnt; // give this element the next value
+ ++cnt; // increment cnt
+ }
+ // now print the value of the array
+ for (const auto &row : alt_ia) // for every element in the outer array
+ for (auto col : row) // for every element in the inner array
+ cout << col << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::begin; using std::end;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ int ia[] = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+
+ int *p = ia; // p points to the first element in ia
+ ++p; // p points to ia[1]
+
+ int *e = &ia[10]; // pointer just past the last element in ia
+ for (int *b = ia; b != e; ++b)
+ cout << *b << " "; // print the elements in ia
+ cout << endl;
+
+ const size_t sz = 10;
+ int arr[sz]; // array of 10 ints
+
+ for (auto &n : arr) // for each element in arr
+ cin >> n; // read values from the standard input
+
+ for (auto i : arr)
+ cout << i << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // pbeg points to the first and
+ // pend points just past the last element in arr
+ int *pbeg = begin(arr), *pend = end(arr);
+
+ // find the first negative element,
+ // stopping if we've seen all the elements
+ while (pbeg != pend && *pbeg >= 0)
+ ++pbeg;
+ if (pbeg == pend)
+ cout << "no negative elements in arr" << endl;
+ else
+ cout << "first negative number was " << *pbeg << endl;
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+echo "add:" && ./add_using < data/add
+echo "arrayScores:" && ./arrayScores < data/grades
+echo "hexify:" && ./hexify < data/hexify
+echo "ptr_traversal2:" && ./ptr_traversal2 < data/ptr_traversal2
+echo "string_io:" && ./string_io < data/string_io
+echo "string_io2:" && ./string_io2 < data/string_io
+echo "vecStrings2:" && ./vecStrings2 < data/vecStrings2
+echo "vecScores:" && ./vecScores < data/grades
+echo "getline:" && ./getline < data/word_echo
+echo "string_size2:" && ./string_size2 < data/word_echo
+echo "string_size3:" && ./string_size3 < data/word_echo
+echo "word_echo:" && ./word_echo < data/word_echo
+
+../noinput cctype.exe char_repl.exe cstring_hdr.exe \
+ multidim.exe square.exe strcompare.exe \
+ string_add.exe string_size.exe vec_decls.exe \
+ vecSubs.exe
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<int> v{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+ for (auto &i : v) // for each element in v (note: i is a reference)
+ i *= i; // square the element value
+ for (auto i : v) // for each element in v
+ cout << i << " "; // print the element
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ string str = "Hello";
+ string phrase = "Hello World";
+ string slang = "Hiya";
+
+ if (str < phrase) cout << "str is smaller" << endl;
+ if (slang > str) cout << "slang is greater" << endl;
+ if (slang > phrase) cout << "slang is greater" << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+int main()
+{
+
+ string s1 = "hello, ", s2 = "world\n";
+ string s3 = s1 + s2; // s3 is hello, world\n
+ cout << s1 << s2 << s3 << endl;
+
+ s1 += s2; // equivalent to s1 = s1 + s2
+ cout << s1;
+
+ string s4 = "hello", s5 = "world"; // no punctuation in s4 or s2
+ string s6 = s4 + ", " + s5 + '\n';
+ cout << s4 << s5 << "\n" << s6 << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin;
+using std::cout;
+using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ string s; // empty string
+ cin >> s; // read a whitespace-separated string into s
+ cout << s << endl; // write s to the output
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ string s1, s2;
+
+ cin >> s1 >> s2; // read first input into s1, second into s2
+ cout << s1 << s2 << endl; // write both strings
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+string st1; // empty string
+string st2(st1); // st2 is a copy of st1
+
+int main()
+{
+ string st("The expense of spirit\n");
+ cout << "The size of " << st << "is " << st.size()
+ << " characters, including the newline" << endl;
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string; using std::getline;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ string line;
+
+ // read input a line at a time and print lines that are longer than 80 characters
+ while (getline(cin, line))
+ if (line.size() > 80)
+ cout << line << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string; using std::getline;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ string line;
+
+ // read input a line at a time and discard blank lines
+ while (getline(cin, line))
+ if (!line.empty())
+ cout << line << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // hold the grades we read from the standard input
+ vector<unsigned> grades;
+
+ // count the number of grades by clusters of ten:
+ // 0--9, 10--19, . .. 90--99, 100
+ vector<unsigned> scores(11, 0); // 11 buckets, all initially 0
+ unsigned grade;
+ while (cin >> grade) { // read the grades
+ if (grade <= 100) // handle only valid grades
+ grades.push_back(grade);
+ ++scores[grade/10]; // increment the counter for the current cluster
+ }
+ cout << "grades.size = " << grades.size() << endl;
+ for (auto it : grades)
+ cout << it << " " ;
+ cout << endl;
+
+ cout << "scores.size = " << scores.size() << endl;
+ for (auto it : scores)
+ cout << it << " " ;
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // equivalent program using iterators instead of subscripts
+ vector<unsigned> alt_scores(11, 0); // 11 buckets, all initially 0
+ // for each grade in the input
+ for (auto it = grades.begin(); it != grades.end(); ++it) {
+ unsigned i = *it;
+ // increment the counter for the current cluster
+ ++(*(alt_scores.begin() + i/10));
+ }
+
+ cout << "alt_scores.size = " << alt_scores.size() << endl;
+ for (auto it = alt_scores.begin(); it != alt_scores.end(); ++it)
+ cout << *it << " " ;
+ cout << endl;
+
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<string> text; // holds the input
+
+ string s;
+ while (getline(cin, s)) // read the entire input file
+ text.push_back(s); // storing each line as an element in text
+ cout << "text.size: " << text.size() << endl;
+
+ // print each line in text up to the first blank line
+ for (auto it = text.cbegin();
+ it != text.cend() && !(*it).empty(); ++it)
+ cout << *it << endl;
+
+ // equivalent loop using arrow to dereference it and call empty
+ for (auto it = text.cbegin();
+ it != text.cend() && !it->empty(); ++it)
+ cout << *it << endl;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<int> v = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+ auto sz = v.size();
+ decltype(sz) i = 0;
+ // duplicate contents of v onto the back of v
+ while (i != sz) {
+ v.push_back(*v.begin() + i);
+ ++i;
+ }
+ // prints 0...9 0...9
+ for (auto it : v)
+ cout << it << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // alternative way to stop when we get to the original last element
+ vector<int> alt_v = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}; // vector with values 0...9
+ for (decltype(alt_v.size()) i = 0, sz = alt_v.size(); i != sz; ++i)
+ alt_v.push_back(alt_v[i]);
+
+ // prints 0...9 0...9
+ for (auto it : alt_v)
+ cout << it << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ vector<int> v2 = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}; // vector with values 0 ... 9
+ decltype(v2.size()) ix = 0; // we'll use ix to index the vector
+
+ // set the elements with values less than 5 to 0
+ while (ix != v2.size() && v2[ix] < 5) {
+ v2[ix] = 0; // changes the value of the element in v
+ ++ix; // increment the index so the next iteration fetches the next element
+ }
+
+ // print the elements using subscripts
+ for (unsigned i = 0; i != v2.size(); ++i)
+ cout << v2[i] << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // equivalent but using iterators
+ vector<int> alt_v2 = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}; // vector with values 0...9
+ // set the elements to 0 up to the first one that is 5 or greater
+ auto it = alt_v2.begin();
+ while (it != alt_v2.end() && *it < 5) {
+ *it = 0; // changes the value of the element in alt_v2
+ ++it; // advance the iterator to denote the next element
+ }
+ for (auto it = alt_v2.begin(); // it denotes first element in alt_v2
+ it != alt_v2.end(); // so long as it denotes an element
+ ++it) // increment the iterator to next element
+ cout << *it << " "; // print element denoted by it from alt_v2
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include "Sales_item.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ // list initialization, articles has 3 elements
+ vector<string> articles = {"a", "an", "the"};
+
+ vector<string> svec; // default initialization; svec has no elements
+ vector<int> ivec; // ivec holds objects of type int
+ vector<Sales_item> Sales_vec; // holds Sales_items
+
+ vector<vector<string>> file; // vector whose elements are vectors
+ vector<vector<int>> vecOfvec; // each element is itself a vector
+
+ // all five vectors have size 0
+ cout << svec.size() << " " << ivec.size() << " "
+ << Sales_vec.size() << " "
+ << file.size() << " " << vecOfvec.size() << endl;
+
+ vector<int> ivec2(10); // ten elements, each initialized to 0
+ vector<int> ivec3(10, -1); // ten int elements, each initialized to -1
+ vector<string> svec2(10); // ten elements, each an empty string
+ vector<string> svec3(10, "hi!"); // ten strings; each element is "hi!"
+ cout << ivec2.size() << " " << ivec3.size() << " "
+ << svec2.size() << " " << svec3.size() << endl;
+
+ // 10 is not a string, so cannot be list initialization
+ vector<string> v1(10); // construct v1 with ten value-initialized elements
+ vector<string> v2{10}; // ten elements value-initialized elements
+ vector<string> v3(10, "hi"); // ten elements with value "hi"
+ // again list initialization is not viable, so ordinary construction
+ vector<string> v4{10, "hi"}; // ten elements with values "hi"
+
+ // all four vectors have size ten
+ cout << v1.size() << " " << v2.size()
+ << " " << v3.size() << " " << v4.size() << endl;
+
+ vector<string> vs1{"hi"}; // list initialization: vs1 has 1 element
+ vector<string> vs2{10}; // ten default-initialized elements
+ vector<string> vs3{10, "hi"}; // has ten elements with value "hi"
+ cout << vs1.size() << " " << vs2.size() << " " << vs3.size() << endl;
+
+ vector<int> v5(10, 1); // ten elements with value 1
+ vector<int> v6{10, 1}; // two elements with values 10 and 1
+ cout << v5.size() << " " << v6.size() << endl;
+
+ // intention is clearer
+ vector<int> alt_v3 = {10}; // one element with value 10
+ vector<int> alt_v4 = {10, 1}; // two elements with values 10 and 1
+ cout << alt_v3.size() << " " << alt_v4.size() << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+int main()
+{
+ string word;
+ while (cin >> word) // read until end-of-file
+ cout << word << endl; // write each word followed by a new line
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ vecSubs cond
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ cout << -30 * 3 + 21 / 5 << endl;
+
+ cout << -30 + 3 * 21 / 5 << endl;
+
+ cout << 30 / 3 * 21 % 5 << endl;
+
+ cout << 30 / 3 * 21 % 4 << endl;
+
+ cout << -30 / 3 * 21 % 4 << endl;
+
+ cout << 12 / 3 * 4 + 5 * 15 + 24 % 4 / 2 << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+int ia[] = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+
+int main()
+{
+ // sizeof(ia)/sizeof(*ia) returns the number of elements in ia
+ constexpr size_t sz = sizeof(ia)/sizeof(*ia);
+
+ int arr2[sz]; // ok sizeof returns a constant expression
+
+ cout << "ia size: " << sz << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+vector<unsigned> grades;
+
+int main()
+{
+ unsigned i;
+ while (cin >> i)
+ grades.push_back(i);
+
+ for (auto grade : grades) { // for each grade in grades
+ // set the initial grade as pass or fail
+ string finalgrade = (grade < 60) ? "fail" : "pass";
+
+ finalgrade = (grade > 90) ? "high pass"
+ : (grade < 60) ? "fail" : "pass";
+
+ cout << grade << " " + finalgrade << endl;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+0 -100 1 -1 2 -3 3 -3 4 -4 5 -5 6 -6 7 -7 8 -8 9 -9
--- /dev/null
+42
+65
+95
+100
+39
+67
+95
+76
+88
+76
+83
+92
+76
+93
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ int i = 0, j;
+ j = ++i; // j = 1, i = 1: prefix yields the incremented value
+ cout << i << " " << j << endl;
+
+ j = i++; // j = 1, i = 2: postfix yields the unincremented value
+ cout << i << " " << j << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // ival1 is 3; result is truncated; remainder is discarded
+ int ival1 = 21/6;
+
+ // ival2 is 3; no remainder; result is an integral value
+ int ival2 = 21/7;
+
+ cout << ival1 << " " << ival2 << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = arith-ex.exe arraysizeof.exe cond.exe \
+ incr.exe int-div.exe oofe.exe overflow.exe \
+ prec.exe shift-prec.exe sizeof_pgm.exe \
+ unaryOps.exe vec_init.exe warn_dbltoint.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+LOCFLAGS = -I../2
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <cctype>
+using std::toupper;
+
+// chapter 6 will explain functions
+// tolower and toupper change the argument itself, not a local copy
+string &tolower(string &s)
+{
+ for (auto &i : s)
+ i = tolower(i);
+ return s;
+}
+
+string &toupper(string &s)
+{
+ for (auto &i : s)
+ i = toupper(i);
+ return s;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ int i = 0;
+ cout << i << " " << ++i << endl; // undefined
+
+ string s("a string"), orig = s;
+ cout << toupper(s) << endl; // changes s to uppercase
+ cout << tolower(s) << endl; // changes s to lowercase
+
+ s = orig;
+ // the calls to toupper and tolower change the value of s
+ // << doesn't guarantee order of evaluation,
+ // so this expression is undefined
+ cout << toupper(s) << " " << tolower(s) << endl;
+
+ string first = toupper(s); // we control the order of evaluation
+ string second = tolower(s); // by storing the results in the order in which we want
+
+ cout << first << " " << second << endl; // one possible evaluation
+ cout << second << " " << first << endl; // equally legal evaluation!
+ cout << first << " " << first << endl; // another legal evaluation!
+ cout << second << " " << second << endl; // and a fourth!
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ short short_value = 32767; // max value if shorts are 16 bits
+
+ short_value += 1; // this calculation overflows
+ cout << "short_value: " << short_value << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ cout << 6 + 3 * 4 / 2 + 2 << endl;
+
+ // parentheses in this expression match default precedence and associativity
+ cout << ((6 + ((3 * 4) / 2)) + 2) << endl; // prints 14
+
+ int temp = 3 * 4; // 12
+ int temp2 = temp / 2; // 6
+ int temp3 = temp2 + 6; // 12
+ int result = temp3 + 2; // 14
+ cout << result << endl;
+
+ // parentheses result in alternative groupings
+ cout << (6 + 3) * (4 / 2 + 2) << endl; // prints 36
+ cout << ((6 + 3) * 4) / 2 + 2 << endl; // prints 20
+ cout << 6 + 3 * 4 / (2 + 2) << endl; // prints 9
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+echo "cond:" && ./cond < data/vecSubs
+
+../noinput arith-ex.exe arraysizeof.exe \
+ incr.exe int-div.exe oofe.exe overflow.exe \
+ prec.exe shift-prec.exe sizeof_pgm.exe \
+ unaryOps.exe vec_init.exe warn_dbltoint.exe
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ int grade = 75;
+ cout << ((grade < 60) ? "fail" : "pass"); // prints pass or fail
+ cout << endl;
+
+ cout << (grade < 60) ? "fail" : "pass"; // prints 1 or 0!
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // previous expression is equivalent to the following
+ cout << (grade < 60); // prints 1 or 0
+ cout ? "fail" : "pass"; // test cout and then yield one of the two literals
+ // depending on whether cout is true or false
+ cout << endl;
+ int i = 15, j = 20;
+ cout << (i < j ? i : j); // ok: prints smaller of i and j
+ cout << endl;
+
+ cout << (i < j) ? i : j; // ok: prints 1 or 0!
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // previous expression is equivalent to the following
+ cout << (i < j); // prints 1 or 0
+ cout ? i : j; // test cout and then evaluate i or j
+ // depending on whether cout evaluates to true or false
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ Sales_data data, *p;
+ sizeof(Sales_data); // size required to hold an object of type Sales_data
+ sizeof data; // size of data's type, i.e., sizeof(Sales_data)
+ sizeof p; // size of a pointer
+ sizeof *p; // size of the type to which p points, i.e., sizeof(Sales_data)
+ sizeof data.revenue; // size of the type of Sales_data's revenue member
+ sizeof Sales_data::revenue; // alternative way to get the size of revenue
+
+ cout << "short: " << sizeof(short) << "\n"
+ << "short[3]: " << sizeof(short[3]) << "\n"
+ << "short*: " << sizeof(short*) << "\n"
+ << "short&: " << sizeof(short&) << endl;
+
+ cout << endl;
+
+ cout << "int: " << sizeof(int) << "\n"
+ << "int[3]: " << sizeof(int[3]) << "\n"
+ << "int*: " << sizeof(int*) << "\n"
+ << "int&: " << sizeof(int&) << endl;
+
+ cout << endl;
+
+ cout << "Sales_data: " << sizeof(Sales_data) << "\n"
+ << "Sales_data[3]: " << sizeof(Sales_data[3]) << "\n"
+ << "Sales_data*: " << sizeof(Sales_data*) << "\n"
+ << "Sales_data&: " << sizeof(Sales_data&) << endl;
+
+ cout << "Sales_data::revenue: " << sizeof Sales_data::revenue << "\n"
+ << "data.revenue: " << sizeof data.revenue << endl;
+
+ int x[10];
+ int *ip = x;
+
+ // number of elements in x
+ cout << sizeof(x)/sizeof(*x) << endl;
+
+ // divides sizeof a pointer by sizeof an int
+ cout << sizeof(ip)/sizeof(*ip) << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ int i = 1024;
+ int k = -i; // i is -1024
+
+ bool b = true;
+ bool b2 = -b; // b2 is true!
+
+ cout << b << " " << b2 << " " << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+
+ vector<int> ivec; // empty vector
+ int cnt = 10;
+ // add elements 10 . . . 1 to ivec
+ while (cnt > 0)
+ ivec.push_back(cnt--); // int postfix decrement
+
+ auto iter = ivec.begin();
+ // prints 10 9 8 . . . 1
+ while (iter != ivec.end())
+ cout << *iter++ << endl; // iterator postfix increment
+
+ vector<int> vec2(10, 0); // ten elements initially all 0
+ cnt = vec2.size();
+ // assign values from size . . . 1 to the elements in vec2
+ for(vector<int>::size_type ix = 0;
+ ix != vec2.size(); ++ix, --cnt)
+ vec2[ix] = cnt;
+
+ iter = vec2.begin();
+ // prints 10 9 8 . . . 1
+ while (iter != vec2.end())
+ cout << *iter++ << endl; // iterator postfix increment
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // the compiler might warn about loss of precision
+ int ival = 3.541 + 3; // the compiler might warn about loss of precision
+ cout << ival << endl; // prints 6
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ add_item_data add_item2
+ doWhile doWhile
+ grades ifgrades
+ guesses guess
+ readme othercnt
+ readme vowels
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <stdexcept>
+using std::runtime_error;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include "Sales_item.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ Sales_item item1, item2;
+
+ while (cin >> item1 >> item2) {
+ try {
+ // execute code that will add the two Sales_items
+ // if the addition fails, the code throws a runtime_error exception
+ // first check that the data are for the same item
+ if (item1.isbn() != item2.isbn())
+ throw runtime_error("Data must refer to same ISBN");
+
+ // if we're still here, the ISBNs are the same
+ cout << item1 + item2 << endl;
+ } catch (runtime_error err) {
+ // remind the user that the ISBNs must match
+ // and prompt for another pair
+ cout << err.what()
+ << "\nTry Again? Enter y or n" << endl;
+ char c;
+ cin >> c;
+ if (!cin || c == 'n')
+ break; // break out of the while loop
+ } // ends the catch clause
+ } // ends the while loop
+
+ return 0; // indicate success
+}
--- /dev/null
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
+0-999-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
+y
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
+0-999-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
+n
--- /dev/null
+10 42
+y
+3 17
+n
--- /dev/null
+42
+65
+95
+100
+39
+67
+95
+76
+88
+76
+83
+92
+76
+93
--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ add_item_data add_item2
+ vecSubs ifgrades
+ readme othercnt
+ readme vowels
+ doWhile doWhile
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // repeatedly ask the user for a pair of numbers to sum
+ string rsp; // used in the condition; can't be defined inside the do
+ do {
+ cout << "please enter two values: ";
+ int val1 = 0, val2 = 0;
+ cin >> val1 >> val2;
+ cout << "The sum of " << val1 << " and " << val2
+ << " = " << val1 + val2 << "\n\n"
+ << "More? Enter yes or no: ";
+ cin >> rsp;
+ } while (!rsp.empty() && rsp[0] != 'n');
+
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ do {
+ cout << "Guess a number between 0 and 9" << endl;
+ unsigned i, mynum = 7;
+ cin >> i;
+
+ if (i == mynum) {
+ cout << "Congrats you guessed right!" << endl;
+ break;
+ } else
+ if (i < mynum)
+ cout << "too low" << endl;
+ else
+ cout << "too high" << endl;
+
+ if (i != mynum)
+ if (i < mynum)
+ cout << "too low" << endl;
+ else
+ cout << "too high" << endl;
+ else {
+ cout << "Congrats you guessed right!" << endl;
+ break;
+ }
+ } while (true);
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::endl; using std::cin; using std::cout;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+const vector<string> scores = {"F", "D", "C", "B", "A", "A++"};
+vector<unsigned> grades;
+
+// these functions demonstrate alternative ways to handle the if tests
+// function that takes an unsigned value and a string
+// and returns a string
+string goodVers(string lettergrade, unsigned grade)
+{
+ // add a plus for grades the end in 8 or 9 and a minus for those ending in 0, 1, or 2
+ if (grade % 10 > 7)
+ lettergrade += '+'; // grades ending in 8 or 9 get a '+'
+ else
+ if (grade % 10 < 3)
+ lettergrade += '-'; // those ending in 0, 1, or 2 get a '-'
+ return lettergrade;
+}
+
+// incorrect version of the function to add a plus or minus to a grade
+string badVers(string lettergrade, unsigned grade)
+{
+ // add a plus for grades the end in 8 or 9 and a minus for those ending in 0, 1, or 2
+ // WRONG: execution does NOT match indentation; the else goes with the inner if
+ if (grade % 10 >= 3)
+ if (grade % 10 > 7)
+ lettergrade += '+'; // grades ending in 8 or 9 get a +
+ else
+ lettergrade += '-'; // grades ending in 3, 4, 5, 6 will get a minus!
+ return lettergrade;
+}
+
+// corrected version using the same logic path as badVers
+string rightVers(string lettergrade, unsigned grade)
+{
+ // add a plus for grades that end in 8 or 9 and a minus for those ending in 0, 1, or 2
+ if (grade % 10 >= 3) {
+ if (grade % 10 > 7)
+ lettergrade += '+'; // grades ending in 8 or 9 get a +
+ } else // curlies force the else to go with the outer if
+ lettergrade += '-'; // grades ending in 0, 1, or 2 will get a minus
+ return lettergrade;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ // read a set of scores from the input
+ unsigned grade;
+ while (cin >> grade)
+ grades.push_back(grade);
+
+ // now process those grades
+ for (auto it : grades) { // for each grade we read
+ cout << it << " " ; // print the grade
+ string lettergrade; // hold coresponding letter grade
+ // if failing grade, no need to check for a plus or minus
+ if (it < 60)
+ lettergrade = scores[0];
+ else {
+ lettergrade = scores[(it - 50)/10]; // fetch the letter grade
+ if (it != 100) // add plus or minus only if not already an A++
+ if (it % 10 > 7)
+ lettergrade += '+'; // grades ending in 8 or 9 get a +
+ else if (it % 10 < 3)
+ lettergrade += '-'; // grades ending in 0, 1, or 2 get a -
+ }
+ cout << lettergrade << endl;
+ if (it > 59 && it !=100) {
+ cout << "alternative versions: " << it << " ";
+ // start over with just the basic grade, no + or -
+ lettergrade = scores[(it - 50)/10];
+ cout << goodVers(lettergrade, it) << " ";
+ cout << badVers(lettergrade, it) << " ";
+ cout << rightVers(lettergrade, it) << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = add_item2.exe doWhile.exe guess.exe ifgrades.exe \
+ othercnt.exe rangefor.exe vowels.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+LOCFLAGS = -I../1
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ char ch;
+ // initialize counters for each vowel
+ unsigned vowelCnt = 0;
+ unsigned otherCnt = 0; // count anything that isn't a vowel
+
+ while (cin >> ch) {
+ // if ch is a vowel, increment the appropriate counter
+ switch (ch) {
+ case 'a': case 'e': case 'i': case 'o': case 'u':
+ ++vowelCnt;
+ break;
+ default:
+ ++otherCnt;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ // print results
+ cout << "Number of vowels: \t" << vowelCnt << '\n'
+ << "Total non-vowels : \t" << otherCnt << '\n';
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<int> ivec;
+ vector<int> v = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+
+ // range variable must be a reference so we can write to the elements
+ for (auto &r : v) // for each element in v
+ r *= 2; // double the value of each element in v
+
+ // print every element in v
+ for (int r : v)
+ cout << r << " "; // print the elements in v
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+echo "add_item2:" && ./add_item2 < data/add_item_data
+echo "guess:" && ./guess < data/guesses
+echo "ifgrades:" && ./ifgrades < data/grades
+echo "othercnt:" && ./othercnt < data/readme
+echo "vowels:" && ./vowels < data/readme
+echo "doWhile:" && ./doWhile < data/doWhile
+
+../noinput rangefor.exe
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // initialize counters for each vowel
+ unsigned aCnt = 0, eCnt = 0, iCnt = 0, oCnt = 0, uCnt = 0;
+
+ char ch;
+ while (cin >> ch) {
+ // if ch is a vowel, increment the appropriate counter
+ switch (ch) {
+ case 'a':
+ ++aCnt;
+ break;
+ case 'e':
+ ++eCnt;
+ break;
+ case 'i':
+ ++iCnt;
+ break;
+ case 'o':
+ ++oCnt;
+ break;
+ case 'u':
+ ++uCnt;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ // print results
+ cout << "Number of vowel a: \t" << aCnt << '\n'
+ << "Number of vowel e: \t" << eCnt << '\n'
+ << "Number of vowel i: \t" << iCnt << '\n'
+ << "Number of vowel o: \t" << oCnt << '\n'
+ << "Number of vowel u: \t" << uCnt << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "LocalMath.h"
+
+// return the greatest common divisor
+int gcd(int v1, int v2)
+{
+ while (v2) {
+ int temp = v2;
+ v2 = v1 % v2;
+ v1 = temp;
+ }
+ return v1;
+}
+
+
+// factorial of val is val * (val - 1) * (val - 2) . . . * ((val - (val - 1)) * 1)
+int fact(int val)
+{
+ int ret = 1; // local variable to hold the result as we calculate it
+ while (val > 1)
+ ret *= val--; // assign ret * val to ret and decrement val
+ return ret; // return the result
+}
+
+// recursive version of factorial:
+// calculate val!, which is 1 * 2 * 3 . . . * val
+int factorial(int val)
+{
+ if (val > 1)
+ return factorial(val-1) * val;
+ return 1;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+// not included in book text, but used by programs in this directory
+#ifndef LOCALMATH_H
+#define LOCALMATH_H
+
+//definition in LocalMath.cc
+int fact(int); // iterative definition of factorial
+int factorial(int); // recrusive version of factorial
+int gcd(int, int); // find greatest common divisor
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ mainmath mainmath
+ refparms refparms
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+// code to illustrate declarations of array-related types
+int arr[10]; // arr is an array of ten ints
+int *p1[10]; // p1 is an array of ten pointers
+int (*p2)[10] = &arr; // p2 points to an array of ten ints
+
+using arrT = int[10]; // arrT is a synonym for the type array of ten ints
+
+// three ways to declare function returning pointer to array of ten ints
+arrT* func(int i); // use a type alias
+auto func(int i) -> int(*)[10]; // use a trailing return type
+int (*func(int i))[10]; // direct declaration
+
+auto func2(int i) -> int(&)[10]; // func2 returns a refernce to an array
+
+// two arrays
+int odd[] = {1,3,5,7,9};
+int even[] = {0,2,4,6,8};
+
+// function that returns a pointer to an int in one of these arrays
+int *elemPtr(int i)
+{
+ // returns a pointer to the first element in one of these arrays
+ return (i % 2) ? odd : even;
+}
+
+// returns a pointer to an array of five int elements
+decltype(odd) *arrPtr(int i)
+{
+ return (i % 2) ? &odd : &even; // returns a pointer to the array
+}
+
+// returns a reference to an array of five int elements
+int (&arrRef(int i))[5]
+{
+ return (i % 2) ? odd : even;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ int *p = elemPtr(6); // p points to an int
+ int (*arrP)[5] = arrPtr(5); // arrP points to an array of five ints
+ int (&arrR)[5] = arrRef(4); // arrR refers to an array of five ints
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 5; ++i)
+ // p points to an element in an array, which we subscript
+ cout << p[i] << endl;
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 5; ++i)
+ // arrP points to an array,
+ // we must dereference the pointer to get the array itself
+ cout << (*arrP)[i] << endl;
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 5; ++i)
+ // arrR refers to an array, which we can subscript
+ cout << arrR[i] << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+size_t count_calls()
+{
+ static size_t ctr = 0; // value will persist across calls
+ return ++ctr;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ for (size_t i = 0; i != 10; ++i)
+ cout << count_calls() << endl;
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+Hello World!
+42
+65
+95
+100
+39
+67
+95
+76
+88
+76
+83
+92
+76
+93
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <initializer_list>
+using std::initializer_list;
+
+#include <sstream>
+using std::ostringstream;
+
+// chapter 7 will explain the code used in defining ErrCode
+struct ErrCode {
+ ErrCode(int i) : num(i) { } // initializes objects of type ErrCode
+ string msg() // member function of ErrCode
+ { ostringstream s; s << "ErrCode " << num; return s.str(); }
+ int num; // data member, note uninitialized
+};
+
+// version that takes an ErrCode and a list of strings
+void error_msg(ErrCode e, initializer_list<string> il)
+{
+ cout << e.msg() << ": ";
+ for (const auto &elem : il)
+ cout << elem << " " ;
+ cout << endl;
+}
+
+// overloaded version takes only a list of strings
+void error_msg(initializer_list<string> il)
+{
+ for (auto beg = il.begin(); beg != il.end(); ++beg)
+ cout << *beg << " " ;
+ cout << endl;
+}
+
+// function to illustrate list initializing return value
+vector<string> functionX()
+{
+ string expected = "description", actual = "some other case";
+ // . . .
+ if (expected.empty())
+ return {}; // return an empty vector
+ else if (expected == actual)
+ return {"functionX", "okay"}; // return list-initialized vector
+ else
+ return {"functionX", expected, actual};
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ string expected = "description", actual = "some other case";
+ initializer_list<int> li = {0,1,2,3};
+
+ // expected, actual are strings
+ if (expected != actual)
+ error_msg({"functionX", expected, actual});
+ else
+ error_msg({"functionX", "okay"});
+
+ // expected, actual are strings
+ if (expected != actual)
+ error_msg(ErrCode(42), {"functionX", expected, actual});
+ else
+ error_msg(ErrCode(0), {"functionX", "okay"});
+
+ // can pass an empty list, calls second version of error_msg
+ error_msg({}); // prints blank line
+
+ // call function that list initializes its return value
+ // results is a vector<string>
+ auto results = functionX();
+ for (auto i : results)
+ cout << i << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+// declarations of our factorial functions
+// definitions are in LocalMath.cc
+#include "LocalMath.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ cout << factorial(5) << endl;
+ cout << fact(5) << endl;
+ cout << factorial(0) << endl;
+ cout << fact(0) << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+// declarations (not strictly speaking necessary in this file)
+string::size_type sumLength(const string&, const string&);
+string::size_type largerLength(const string&, const string&);
+
+// definition of these functions
+string::size_type sumLength(const string &s1, const string &s2)
+{
+ return s1.size() + s2.size();
+}
+
+string::size_type largerLength(const string &s1, const string &s2)
+{
+ return (s1.size() > s2.size()) ? s1.size() : s2.size();
+}
+
+// depending on the value of its string parameter,
+// getFcn returns a pointer to sumLength or to largerLength
+
+// three ways to declare getFcn
+// 1. use decltype for the return type,
+// remembering to add a * to indicate that getFcn returns a pointer
+decltype(sumLength) *getFcn(const string &);
+
+// use trailing return type
+auto getFcn(const string&) -> string::size_type(*)(const string&, const string&);
+
+// direct definition
+string::size_type (*getFcn(const string&))(const string&, const string&);
+
+// define getFcn
+decltype(sumLength)*
+getFcn(const string &fetch)
+{
+ if (fetch == "sum")
+ return sumLength;
+ return largerLength;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ // "sum" is the argument to getFcn
+ // ("hello", "world!") are arguments to the function getFcn returns
+ cout << getFcn("sum")("hello", "world!") << endl; // prints 11
+ cout << getFcn("larger")("hello", "world!") << endl; // prints 6
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::begin; using std::end;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+// const int ia[] is equivalent to const int* ia
+// size is passed explicitly and used to control access to elements of ia
+void print(const int ia[], size_t size)
+{
+ for (size_t i = 0; i != size; ++i) {
+ cout << ia[i] << endl;
+ }
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ int j[] = { 0, 1 }; // int array of size 2
+
+ print(j, end(j) - begin(j));
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+//inline version: find the shorter of two strings
+inline const string &
+shorterString(const string &s1, const string &s2)
+{
+ return s1.size() <= s2.size() ? s1 : s2;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ string s1("successes"), s2("failure");
+ cout << shorterString(s1, s2) << endl;
+
+ // call the size member of the string returned by shorterString
+ cout << shorterString(s1, s2).size() << endl;
+
+ // equivalent code as generated by the call to inline version
+ // of shorterString
+ cout << (s1.size() < s2.size() ? s1 : s2) << endl;
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "LocalMath.h"
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // pass a literal to fact
+ int f = fact(5); // f equals 120, i.e., the result of fact(5)
+ cout << "5! is " << f << endl;
+
+ // call fact on i and print the result
+ int i = 5;
+ int j = fact(i);
+ cout << i << "! is " << j << endl;
+
+ // call fact on a const int
+ const int ci = 3;
+ int k = fact(ci);
+ cout << ci << "! is " << k << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstdlib>
+/* EXIT_FAILURE and EXIT_SUCCESS are preprocessor variables
+ * such variables are not in the std namespace,
+ * hence, no using declaration and no std:: when we use these names
+*/
+int main()
+{
+ bool some_failure = false;
+ if (some_failure)
+ return EXIT_FAILURE; // defined in cstdlib
+ else
+ return EXIT_SUCCESS; // defined in cstdlib
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#ifndef MAKE_PLURAL_H
+#define MAKE_PLURAL_H
+
+// return the plural version of word if ctr is greater than 1
+inline
+string make_plural(size_t ctr, const string &word,
+ const string &ending)
+{
+ return (ctr > 1) ? word + ending : word;
+}
+
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = arrRet.exe count-calls.exe errMsg_initList.exe\
+ fact.exe fcnptrRet.exe good_printmain.exe \
+ inline_shorter.exe mainmath.exe mainret.exe \
+ mk_plural.exe ref-fcn.exe refparms.exe refret-ex.exe \
+ reset.exe stl-arr-fcns.exe usefcnptr.exe wdebug.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+LOCFLAGS =
+
+fact.o mainmath.o LocalMath.o: LocalMath.h
+
+fact.exe: fact.o LocalMath.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) fact.o LocalMath.o -o fact.exe
+
+mainmath.exe: mainmath.o LocalMath.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) mainmath.o LocalMath.o -o mainmath.exe
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include "make_plural.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ size_t cnt = 1;
+ cout << make_plural(cnt, "success", "es") << endl;
+
+ cnt = 2;
+ cout << make_plural(cnt, "failure", "s") << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef PRINTFCNS_H
+#define PRINTFCNS_H
+#include <vector>
+void print(const char *cp);
+void print(const int *beg, const int *end);
+void print(std::vector<int>::const_iterator beg,
+ std::vector<int>::const_iterator end);
+void print(const int ia[], size_t size);
+void print(const std::vector<int>&);
+
+inline foo() {
+int j[2] = {0,1};
+print("Hello World"); // calls print(const char*)
+print(j, end(j) - begin(j)); // calls print(const int*, size_t)
+print(begin(j), end(j)); // calls print(const int*, const int*)
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+char &get_val(string &str, string::size_type ix)
+{
+ return str[ix]; // get_val assumes the given index is valid
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ string s("a value");
+ cout << s << endl; // prints a value
+
+ get_val(s, 0) = 'A'; // changes s[0] to A
+ cout << s << endl; // prints A value
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+// returns the index of the first occurrence of c in s
+// the reference parameter occurs counts how often c occurs
+string::size_type find_char(const string &s, char c,
+ string::size_type &occurs)
+{
+ auto ret = s.size(); // position of the first occurrence, if any
+ occurs = 0; // set the occurrence count parameter
+
+ for (decltype(ret) i = 0; i != s.size(); ++i) {
+ if (s[i] == c) {
+ if (ret == s.size())
+ ret = i; // remember the first occurrence of c
+ ++occurs; // increment the occurrence count
+ }
+ }
+ return ret; // count is returned implicitly in occurs
+}
+
+// returns an iterator that refers to the first occurrence of value
+// the reference parameter occurs contains a second return value
+vector<int>::const_iterator find_val(
+ vector<int>::const_iterator beg, // first element
+ vector<int>::const_iterator end, // one past last element
+ int value, // the value we want
+ vector<int>::size_type &occurs) // number of times it occurs
+{
+ auto res_iter = end; // res_iter will hold first occurrence, if any
+ occurs = 0; // set occurrence count parameter
+
+ for ( ; beg != end; ++beg)
+ if (*beg == value) {
+ // remember first occurrence of value
+ if (res_iter == end)
+ res_iter = beg;
+ ++occurs; // increment occurrence count
+ }
+
+ return res_iter; // count returned implicitly in occurs
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+
+ string s;
+ getline(cin, s);
+ size_t ctr = 0;
+ auto index = find_char(s, 'o', ctr);
+ cout << index << " " << ctr << endl;
+
+ vector<int> ivec;
+ int i;
+ // read values into ivec
+ while (cin >> i)
+ ivec.push_back(i);
+
+ // for each value in the list of ints
+ for (auto i : {42, 33, 92}) {
+ auto it = find_val(ivec.begin(), ivec.end(), i, ctr);
+ if (it == ivec.end())
+ cout << i << " is not in the input data" << endl;
+ else
+ cout << i << " was at position "
+ << it - ivec.begin() << endl;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+// get returns a reference to an element in the given array
+int &get(int *arry, int index) { return arry[index]; }
+
+int main() {
+ int ia[10]; // array of ten uninitialized ints
+
+ for (int i = 0; i != 10; ++i)
+ get(ia, i) = i; // call get to assign values to the elements
+
+ for (auto i : ia) // print the elements
+ cout << i << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+// function that takes a reference to an int
+// and sets the given object to zero
+// i is just another name for the object passed to reset
+void reset(int &i)
+{
+ i = 0; // changes the value of the object to which i refers
+}
+
+// function that takes a pointer
+// and sets the pointed-to value to zero
+void reset(int *ip)
+{
+ *ip = 0; // changes the value of the object to which ip points
+ ip = 0; // changes the local copy of ip; the argument is unchanged
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ int j = 42;
+ reset(j); // j is passed by reference; the value in j is changed
+ cout << "j = " << j << endl; // prints j = 0
+
+ j = 42; // restore the original value of j
+ reset(&j); // changes j but not the address of j
+ cout << "j = " << j << endl; // prints j = 0
+
+ j = 42; // restore the original value of j
+ int *p = &j;
+ reset(p); // changes object to which p points not the address in p
+ cout << "j = " << *p << endl; // prints j = 0
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+echo "mainmath:" && ./mainmath < data/mainmath
+echo "refparms:" && ./refparms < data/refparms
+
+../noinput arrRet.exe count-calls.exe \
+ errMsg_initList.exe fact.exe fcnptrRet.exe \
+ good_printmain.exe inline_shorter.exe \
+ mainret.exe mk_plural.exe \
+ ref-fcn.exe refret-ex.exe reset.exe \
+ stl-arr-fcns.exe usefcnptr.exe wdebug.exe
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::endl; using std::cout;
+
+#include <iterator>
+using std::begin; using std::end;
+
+// prints a null-terminated array of characters
+void print(const char *cp)
+{
+ if (cp) // if cp is not a null pointer
+ while (*cp) // so long as the character it points to is not a null character
+ cout << *cp++; // print the character and advance the pointer
+}
+
+// print ints in the given range
+void print(const int *beg, const int *end)
+{
+ // print every element starting at beg up to but not including end
+ while (beg != end)
+ cout << *beg++ << " "; // print the current element
+ // and advance the pointer
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ print("hi world!"); // calls first version of print
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // j is converted to a pointer to the first element in j
+ // the second argument is a pointer to one past the end of j
+ int j[2] = {0, 1};
+ print(begin(j), end(j)); // library begin and end functions
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // equivalent call, directly calculate the begin and end pointers
+ print(j, j + 2);
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+// return the plural version of word if ctr is greater than 1
+string make_plural(size_t ctr, const string &word,
+ const string &ending)
+{
+ return (ctr > 1) ? word + ending : word;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ size_t cnt = 1;
+ cout << make_plural(cnt, "success", "es") << endl;
+ cnt = 2;
+ cout << make_plural(cnt, "failure", "s") << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+// function to return minimum element in an vector of ints
+int min_element(vector<int>::iterator,
+ vector<int>::iterator);
+
+// pointer to function, initialized to point to min_element
+int (*pf)(vector<int>::iterator, vector<int>::iterator)
+ = min_element;
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<int> ivec;
+ // give ivec some values
+ cout << "Direct call: "
+ << min_element(ivec.begin(), ivec.end()) << endl;
+
+ cout << "Indirect call: "
+ << pf(ivec.begin(), ivec.end()) << endl;
+
+ cout << "equivalent indirect call: "
+ << (*pf)(ivec.begin(), ivec.end()) << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+// returns minimum element in an vector of ints
+int min_element(vector<int>::iterator beg,
+ vector<int>::iterator end) {
+ int minVal = 0;
+ while (beg != end) {
+ if (minVal > *beg)
+ minVal = *beg;
+ ++beg;
+ }
+ return minVal;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <cassert>
+// assert is a preprocessor macro and therefore not in std
+// hence we need to include cassert header,
+// but no using declaration for assert
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::endl; using std::cerr; using std::cin;
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+void print(const int ia[], size_t size)
+{
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+// __func__ is a local static defined by the compiler that holds the name of this function
+cerr << __func__ << ": array size is " << size << endl;
+#endif
+// . . .
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ string word = "foo";
+ const string::size_type threshold = 5;
+ if (word.size() < threshold)
+ cerr << "Error: " << __FILE__
+ << " : in function " << __func__
+ << " at line " << __LINE__ << endl
+ << " Compiled on " << __DATE__
+ << " at " << __TIME__ << endl
+ << " Word read was \"" << word
+ << "\": Length too short" << endl;
+ word = "something longer than five chars";
+ assert(word.size() > threshold);
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include "Account.h"
+
+// define static data and function members
+const string Account::accountType("Savings Account");
+double Account::interestRate = initRate();
+
+void Account::rate(double newRate)
+{
+ interestRate = newRate;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+#ifndef ACCOUNT_H
+#define ACCOUNT_H
+
+#include <string>
+
+class Account {
+public:
+ Account() = default;
+ Account(const std::string &s, double amt):
+ owner(s), amount(amt) { }
+
+ void calculate() { amount += amount * interestRate; }
+ double balance() { return amount; }
+public:
+ static double rate() { return interestRate; }
+ static void rate(double);
+private:
+ std::string owner;
+ double amount = 0.0;
+ static double interestRate;
+ static double initRate() { return .0225; }
+ static const std::string accountType;
+ static constexpr int period = 30;// period is a constant expression
+ double daily_tbl[period];
+};
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Debug.h"
+// only implementation for the Debug classes are definitions
+// for static members named enable
+constexpr Debug HW_Subsystem::enable;
+constexpr Debug IO_Subsystem::enable;
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef DEBUG_H
+#define DEBUG_H
+class Debug {
+public:
+ constexpr Debug(bool b = true): hw(b), io(b), other(b) { }
+ constexpr Debug(bool h, bool i, bool o):
+ hw(h), io(i), other(o) { }
+ constexpr bool any() { return hw || io || other; }
+ constexpr bool hardware() { return hw || io; }
+ constexpr bool app() { return other; }
+
+ void set_io(bool b) { io = b; }
+ void set_hw(bool b) { hw = b; }
+ void set_other(bool b) { hw = b; }
+private:
+ bool hw; // hardware errors other than IO errors
+ bool io; // IO errors
+ bool other; // other errors
+};
+
+class HW_Subsystem {
+public:
+ HW_Subsystem(): debug(false) { } // by default no debugging
+ bool field_debug() { return debug.any(); }
+ bool default_debug() { return enable.any() && debug.any(); }
+ void set_debug(bool b) { debug.set_hw(b); } // turn on hardware debugging
+private:
+ Debug debug;
+ constexpr static Debug enable{true, false, false};
+};
+
+class IO_Subsystem {
+public:
+ IO_Subsystem(): debug(false) { } // by default no debugging
+ bool field_debug() { return debug.any(); }
+ bool default_debug() { return enable.any() && debug.any(); }
+ void set_debug(bool b) { debug.set_io(b); } // turn on IO debugging
+private:
+ Debug debug;
+ constexpr static Debug enable{true, false, true};
+};
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ book_sales avg_price
+ add_item add_item
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::istream; using std::ostream;
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+Sales_data::Sales_data(std::istream &is)
+{
+ // read will read a transaction from is into this object
+ read(is, *this);
+}
+
+double
+Sales_data::avg_price() const {
+ if (units_sold)
+ return revenue/units_sold;
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+// add the value of the given Sales_data into this object
+Sales_data&
+Sales_data::combine(const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ units_sold += rhs.units_sold; // add the members of rhs into
+ revenue += rhs.revenue; // the members of ``this'' object
+ return *this; // return the object on which the function was called
+}
+
+Sales_data
+add(const Sales_data &lhs, const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ Sales_data sum = lhs; // copy data members from lhs into sum
+ sum.combine(rhs); // add data members from rhs into sum
+ return sum;
+}
+
+// transactions contain ISBN, number of copies sold, and sales price
+istream&
+read(istream &is, Sales_data &item)
+{
+ double price = 0;
+ is >> item.bookNo >> item.units_sold >> price;
+ item.revenue = price * item.units_sold;
+ return is;
+}
+
+ostream&
+print(ostream &os, const Sales_data &item)
+{
+ os << item.isbn() << " " << item.units_sold << " "
+ << item.revenue << " " << item.avg_price();
+ return os;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef SALES_DATA_H
+#define SALES_DATA_H
+
+#include <string>
+#include <iostream>
+
+class Sales_data {
+friend Sales_data add(const Sales_data&, const Sales_data&);
+friend std::ostream &print(std::ostream&, const Sales_data&);
+friend std::istream &read(std::istream&, Sales_data&);
+public:
+ // constructors
+ Sales_data() = default;
+ Sales_data(const std::string &s): bookNo(s) { }
+ Sales_data(const std::string &s, unsigned n, double p):
+ bookNo(s), units_sold(n), revenue(p*n) { }
+ Sales_data(std::istream &);
+
+ // operations on Sales_data objects
+ std::string isbn() const { return bookNo; }
+ Sales_data& combine(const Sales_data&);
+ double avg_price() const;
+private:
+ std::string bookNo;
+ unsigned units_sold = 0;
+ double revenue = 0.0;
+};
+
+
+// nonmember Sales_data interface functions
+Sales_data add(const Sales_data&, const Sales_data&);
+std::ostream &print(std::ostream&, const Sales_data&);
+std::istream &read(std::istream&, Sales_data&);
+
+// used in future chapters
+inline
+bool compareIsbn(const Sales_data &lhs, const Sales_data &rhs)
+{
+ return lhs.isbn() < rhs.isbn();
+}
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+#include <iostream>
+
+class Screen {
+public:
+ typedef std::string::size_type pos;
+ Screen() = default; // needed because Screen has another constructor
+ // cursor initialized to 0 by its in-class initializer
+ Screen(pos ht, pos wd, char c): height(ht), width(wd),
+ contents(ht * wd, c) { }
+ friend class Window_mgr;
+ Screen(pos ht = 0, pos wd = 0):
+ cursor(0), height(ht), width(wd), contents(ht * wd, ' ') { }
+ char get() const // get the character at the cursor
+ { return contents[cursor]; } // implicitly inline
+ inline char get(pos ht, pos wd) const; // explicitly inline
+ Screen &clear(char = bkground);
+private:
+ static const char bkground = ' ';
+public:
+ Screen &move(pos r, pos c); // can be made inline later
+ Screen &set(char);
+ Screen &set(pos, pos, char);
+ // display overloaded on whether the object is const or not
+ Screen &display(std::ostream &os)
+ { do_display(os); return *this; }
+ const Screen &display(std::ostream &os) const
+ { do_display(os); return *this; }
+private:
+ // function to do the work of displaying a Screen
+ void do_display(std::ostream &os) const {os << contents;}
+ pos cursor = 0;
+ pos height = 0, width = 0;
+ std::string contents;
+};
+
+Screen &Screen::clear(char c)
+{
+ contents = std::string(height*width, c);
+ return *this;
+}
+
+inline // we can specify inline on the definition
+Screen &Screen::move(pos r, pos c)
+{
+ pos row = r * width; // compute the row location
+ cursor = row + c; // move cursor to the column within that row
+ return *this; // return this object as an lvalue
+}
+
+char Screen::get(pos r, pos c) const // declared as inline in the class
+{
+ pos row = r * width; // compute row location
+ return contents[row + c]; // return character at the given column
+}
+
+inline Screen &Screen::set(char c)
+{
+ contents[cursor] = c; // set the new value at the current cursor location
+ return *this; // return this object as an lvalue
+}
+inline Screen &Screen::set(pos r, pos col, char ch)
+{
+ contents[r*width + col] = ch; // set specified location to given value
+ return *this; // return this object as an lvalue
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef WINDOW_MGR
+#define WINDOW_MGR
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+#include <iostream>
+#include "newscreen.h"
+
+class BitMap;
+// overloaded storeOn functions
+extern std::ostream& storeOn(std::ostream &, Screen &);
+extern BitMap& storeOn(BitMap &, Screen &);
+
+class Window_mgr {
+public:
+ // location ID for each screen on the window
+ using ScreenIndex = std::vector<Screen>::size_type;
+
+ // add a Screen to the window and returns its index
+ ScreenIndex addScreen(const Screen&);
+
+ // reset the Screen at the given position to all blanks
+ void clear(ScreenIndex);
+
+ // change dimensions of a given Screen
+ void resize(Screen::pos r, Screen::pos c, ScreenIndex i);
+private:
+ // Screens this Window_mgr is tracking
+ // by default, a Window_mgr has one standard sized blank Screen
+ std::vector<Screen> screens{Screen(24, 80, ' ')};
+};
+
+// return type is seen before we're in the scope of Window_mgr
+inline
+Window_mgr::ScreenIndex
+Window_mgr::addScreen(const Screen &s)
+{
+ screens.push_back(s);
+ return screens.size() - 1;
+}
+
+inline
+void Window_mgr::clear(ScreenIndex i)
+{
+ // s is a reference to the Screen we want to clear
+ Screen &s = screens[i];
+ // reset the contents of that Screen to all blanks
+ s.contents = std::string(s.height * s.width, ' ');
+}
+
+inline
+void
+Window_mgr::resize(Screen::pos r, Screen::pos c, ScreenIndex i)
+{
+ screens[i].height = r; // Window_mgr is a friend of Screen
+ screens[i].width = c; // so it is ok to use Screen's private members
+ // resize and clear the contents member
+ screens[i].contents = std::string(r * c, ' ');
+}
+
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cerr; using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ Sales_data data1, data2;
+ if (read(cin, data1) && read(cin, data2)) { // read the transactions
+ if (data1.isbn() == data2.isbn()) { // check isbns
+ data1.combine(data2); // add the transactions
+ print(cout, data1); // print the results
+ cout << endl; // followed by a newline
+ }
+ } else
+ cerr << "Input failed!" << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cerr; using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ Sales_data total; // variable to hold the running sum
+ if (read(cin, total)) { // read the first transaction
+ Sales_data trans; // variable to hold data for the next transaction
+ while(read(cin, trans)) { // read the remaining transactions
+ if (total.isbn() == trans.isbn()) // check the isbns
+ total.combine(trans); // update the running total
+ else {
+ print(cout, total) << endl; // print the results
+ total = trans; // process the next book
+ }
+ }
+ print(cout, total) << endl; // print the last transaction
+ } else { // there was no input
+ cerr << "No data?!" << endl; // notify the user
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
--- /dev/null
+0-201-70353-X 4 24.99
+0-201-82470-1 4 45.39
+0-201-88954-4 2 15.00
+0-201-88954-4 5 12.00
+0-201-88954-4 7 12.00
+0-201-88954-4 2 12.00
+0-399-82477-1 2 45.39
+0-399-82477-1 3 45.39
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = add_item.exe avg_price.exe \
+ useAccount.exe useDebug.exe useScreen.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+LOCFLAGS = -I../1
+
+useScreen.exe: Screen.h
+
+Account.o useAccount.o: Account.h
+Debug.o useDebug.o: Debug.h
+
+useAccount.exe: Account.o useAccount.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) Account.o useAccount.o \
+ -o useAccount.exe
+
+useDebug.exe: Debug.o useDebug.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) Debug.o useDebug.o -o useDebug.exe
+
+add_item.exe: add_item.o Sales_data.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) add_item.o Sales_data.o \
+ -o add_item.exe
+
+avg_price.exe: avg_price.o Sales_data.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) avg_price.o Sales_data.o \
+ -o avg_price.exe
+
--- /dev/null
+echo "avg_price:" && ./avg_price < data/book_sales
+echo "add_item:" && ./add_item < data/add_item
+
+../noinput useAccount.exe useDebug.exe useScreen.exe
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include "Account.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ Account a1("bem", 42);
+ cout << a1.balance() << endl;
+ a1.calculate();
+ cout << a1.balance() << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cerr; using std::endl;
+
+#include "Debug.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ constexpr Debug io_sub(false, true, false); // debugging IO
+ if (io_sub.any()) // equivalent to if(true)
+ cerr << "print appropriate error messages" << endl;
+
+ constexpr Debug prod(false); // no debugging during production
+ if (prod.any()) // equivalent to if(false)
+ cerr << "print an error message" << endl;
+
+ IO_Subsystem ioErrs; // by default, don't print any debugging
+ // no debugging here
+ if (ioErrs.default_debug()) // if (false || debug.any())
+ cerr << "print message 3" << endl;
+ ioErrs.set_debug(true); // turn on debugging
+ if (ioErrs.default_debug()) // if (false || debug.any())
+ cerr << "print message 4" << endl;
+ ioErrs.set_debug(false); // okay, debugging section complete
+
+ HW_Subsystem hw;
+ hw.set_debug(true);
+ if (ioErrs.default_debug() || hw.default_debug()) // if (false || debug.any())
+ cerr << "print message 5" << endl;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include "Screen.h"
+
+int main()
+{
+ Screen myScreen(5,3);
+ // move the cursor to a given position, and set that character
+ myScreen.move(4,0).set('#');
+
+ Screen nextScreen(5, 5, 'X');
+ nextScreen.move(4,0).set('#').display(cout);
+ cout << "\n";
+ nextScreen.display(cout);
+ cout << endl;
+
+ const Screen blank(5, 3);
+ myScreen.set('#').display(cout); // calls nonconst version
+ cout << endl;
+ blank.display(cout); // calls const version
+ cout << endl;
+
+ myScreen.clear('Z').display(cout); cout << endl;
+ myScreen.move(4,0);
+ myScreen.set('#');
+ myScreen.display(cout); cout << endl;
+ myScreen.clear('Z').display(cout); cout << endl;
+
+ // if move returns Screen not Screen&
+ Screen temp = myScreen.move(4,0); // the return value would be copied
+ temp.set('#'); // the contents inside myScreen would be unchanged
+ myScreen.display(cout);
+ cout << endl;
+}
--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ add_item add_item
+ add_item add_itemV2
+ add_item fileio
+ sstream sstream
+ sstream fileio (Note, fileio reads both add_item and sstream)
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+#include <iostream>
+
+using std::cerr; using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ Sales_data data1, data2;
+ read(cin, data1); // read the transactions
+ read(cin, data2);
+ // code to add into data1 and data2 unchanged from chapter 7
+ if (data1.isbn() == data2.isbn()) { // check isbns
+ Sales_data sum = add(data1, data2); // add the transactions
+ print(cout, sum); // print the results
+ cout << endl; // followed by a newline
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include "Sales_data.h"
+#include <iostream>
+
+using std::cerr; using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ Sales_data data1, data2;
+ if (read(cin, data1) && read(cin, data2)) { // read the transactions
+ if (data1.isbn() == data2.isbn()) { // check isbns
+ Sales_data sum = add(data1, data2); // add the transactions
+ print(cout, sum); // print the results
+ cout << endl; // followed by a newline
+ }
+ } else
+ cerr << "Input failed!" << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::endl; using std::flush; using std::ends;
+using std::unitbuf; using std::nounitbuf; using std::cout;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // writes hi and a newline, then flushes the buffer
+ cout << "hi!" << endl;
+
+ // writes hi, then flushes the buffer; adds no data
+ cout << "hi!" << flush;
+
+ // writes hi and a null, then flushes the buffer
+ cout << "hi!" << ends;
+
+ cout << unitbuf; // all writes will be flushed immediately
+
+ // any output is flushed immediately, no buffering
+ cout << "first" << " second" << endl;
+
+ cout << nounitbuf; // returns to normal buffering
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <sstream>
+using std::istringstream;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+void read()
+{
+ // turns on both fail and bad bits
+ cin.setstate(cin.badbit | cin.eofbit | cin.failbit);
+}
+
+void off()
+{
+ // turns off failbit and badbit but all other bits unchanged
+ cin.clear(cin.rdstate() & ~cin.failbit & ~cin.badbit);
+}
+
+
+int main()
+{
+ cout << "before read" << endl;
+ if (cin.good()) cout << "cin's good" << endl;
+ if (cin.bad()) cout << "cin's bad" << endl;
+ if (cin.fail()) cout << "cin's fail" << endl;
+ if (cin.eof()) cout << "cin's eof" << endl;
+
+ read();
+ cout << "after read" << endl;
+ if (cin.good()) cout << "cin's good" << endl;
+ if (cin.bad()) cout << "cin's bad" << endl;
+ if (cin.fail()) cout << "cin's fail" << endl;
+ if (cin.eof()) cout << "cin's eof" << endl;
+
+ off();
+ cout << "after off" << endl;
+ if (cin.good()) cout << "cin's good" << endl;
+ if (cin.bad()) cout << "cin's bad" << endl;
+ if (cin.fail()) cout << "cin's fail" << endl;
+ if (cin.eof()) cout << "cin's eof" << endl;
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+0-201-78345-X 3 20.00
+0-201-78345-X 2 25.00
--- /dev/null
+morgan 2015552368 8625550123
+drew 9735550130
+lee 6095550132 2015550175 8005550000
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cerr; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <fstream>
+using std::ifstream;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <stdexcept>
+using std::runtime_error;
+
+void process(ifstream &is)
+{
+ string s;
+ while (is >> s)
+ cout << s << endl;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+ // for each file passed to the program
+ for (auto p = argv + 1; p != argv + argc; ++p) {
+ ifstream input(*p); // create input and open the file
+ if (input) { // if the file is ok, ``process'' this file
+ process(input);
+ } else
+ cerr << "couldn't open: " + string(*p);
+ } // input goes out of scope and is destroyed on each iteration
+
+ auto p = argv + 1, end = argv + argc;
+
+ ifstream input;
+ while (p != end) { // for each file passed to the program
+ input.open(*p); // open the file, automatically clears the stream
+ if (input) { // if the file is ok, read and ``process'' the input
+ process(input);
+ } else
+ cerr << "couldn't open: " + string(*p);
+ input.close(); // close file when we're done with it
+ ++p; // increment pointer to get next file
+ }
+}
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = buf.exe clearIO.exe fileIO.exe add_item.exe \
+ add_itemV2.exe sstream.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+LOCFLAGS = -I../7
+
+add_itemV2.exe: add_itemV2.o ../7/Sales_data.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) add_itemV2.o ../7/Sales_data.o \
+ -o add_itemV2.exe
+
+add_item.exe: add_item.o ../7/Sales_data.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) add_item.o ../7/Sales_data.o \
+ -o add_item.exe
+
--- /dev/null
+echo "add_item:" && ./add_item < data/add_item
+echo "add_itemV2:" && ./add_itemV2 < data/add_item
+echo "fileIO:" && ./fileIO data/add_item data/sstream
+echo "sstream:" && ./sstream < data/sstream
+
+../noinput buf.exe clearIO.exe
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::cerr;
+using std::istream; using std::ostream; using std::endl;
+
+#include <sstream>
+using std::ostringstream; using std::istringstream;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+// members are public by default
+struct PersonInfo {
+ string name;
+ vector<string> phones;
+};
+
+// we'll see how to reformat phone numbers in chapter 17
+// for now just return the string we're given
+string format(const string &s) { return s; }
+
+bool valid(const string &s)
+{
+ // we'll see how to validate phone numbers
+ // in chapter 17, for now just return true
+ return true;
+}
+
+vector<PersonInfo>
+getData(istream &is)
+{
+ // will hold a line and word from input, respectively
+ string line, word;
+
+ // will hold all the records from the input
+ vector<PersonInfo> people;
+
+ // read the input a line at a time until end-of-file (or other error)
+ while (getline(is, line)) {
+ PersonInfo info; // object to hold this record's data
+ istringstream record(line); // bind record to the line we just read
+ record >> info.name; // read the name
+ while (record >> word) // read the phone numbers
+ info.phones.push_back(word); // and store them
+ people.push_back(info); // append this record to people
+ }
+
+ return people;
+}
+
+ostream& process(ostream &os, vector<PersonInfo> people)
+{
+ for (const auto &entry : people) { // for each entry in people
+ ostringstream formatted, badNums; // objects created on each loop
+ for (const auto &nums : entry.phones) { // for each number
+ if (!valid(nums)) {
+ badNums << " " << nums; // string in badNums
+ } else
+ // ``writes'' to formatted's string
+ formatted << " " << format(nums);
+ }
+ if (badNums.str().empty()) // there were no bad numbers
+ os << entry.name << " " // print the name
+ << formatted.str() << endl; // and reformatted numbers
+ else // otherwise, print the name and bad numbers
+ cerr << "input error: " << entry.name
+ << " invalid number(s) " << badNums.str() << endl;
+ }
+
+ return os;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ process(cout, getData(cin));
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+Some programs read cin for their input.
+Sample data files are in the data directory:
+
+ File Programs that use that input file
+ ---- --------
+ erase erase
+
+Programs not listed above print output and do
+not read any input
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ vector<int> ivec;
+
+ // size should be zero; capacity is implementation defined
+ cout << "ivec: size: " << ivec.size()
+ << " capacity: " << ivec.capacity() << endl;
+
+ // give ivec 24 elements
+ for (vector<int>::size_type ix = 0; ix != 24; ++ix)
+ ivec.push_back(ix);
+
+ // size should be 24; capacity will be >= 24 and is implementation defined
+ cout << "ivec: size: " << ivec.size()
+ << " capacity: " << ivec.capacity() << endl;
+ ivec.reserve(50); // sets capacity to at least 50; might be more
+ // size should be 24; capacity will be >= 50 and is implementation defined
+ cout << "ivec: size: " << ivec.size()
+ << " capacity: " << ivec.capacity() << endl;
+
+ // add elements to use up the excess capacity
+ while (ivec.size() != ivec.capacity())
+ ivec.push_back(0);
+
+ // capacity should be unchanged and size and capacity are now equal
+ cout << "ivec: size: " << ivec.size()
+ << " capacity: " << ivec.capacity() << endl;
+ ivec.push_back(42); // add one more element
+
+ // size should be 51; capacity will be >= 51 and is implementation defined
+ cout << "ivec: size: " << ivec.size()
+ << " capacity: " << ivec.capacity() << endl;
+
+ ivec.shrink_to_fit(); // ask for the memory to be returned
+
+ // size should be unchanged; capacity is implementation defined
+ cout << "ivec: size: " << ivec.size()
+ << " capacity: " << ivec.capacity() << endl;
+
+return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+Esmeralda
+Frollo
+Hunckback
+Pierre
+Quasimodo
+Torterue
+Tristan
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::find;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <list>
+using std::list;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ list<string> slist;
+ string s;
+ while (cin >> s)
+ slist.push_back(s); // read the contents into slist
+
+ /* we'll explain find in chapter 10
+ * find looks in the sequence denoted by its first two
+ * iterator arguments for the value of its third argument
+ * returns an iterator to the first element with that value
+ * if that element exists in the input sequence
+ * otherwise returns the end iterator
+ */
+ auto iter = find(slist.begin(), slist.end(), "Quasimodo");
+ if (iter != slist.end())
+ slist.erase(iter);
+
+ auto orig = slist; // keep a copy before we destroy the contents
+ slist.clear(); // delete all the elements within the container
+ cout << "after clear, size is: " << slist.size() << endl;
+
+ slist = orig; // restore the data
+ slist.erase(slist.begin(), slist.end()); // equivalent
+ cout << "after erase begin to end, size is: " << slist.size() << endl;
+
+ slist = orig; // restore the data
+ auto elem1 = slist.begin(), elem2 = slist.end();
+ // delete the range of elements between two iterators
+ // returns an iterator to the element just after the last removed element
+ elem1 = slist.erase(elem1, elem2); // after the call elem1 == elem2
+ cout << "after erase elem1 to elem2 size is: " << slist.size() << endl;
+
+ if (elem1 != elem2)
+ cout << "somethings wrong" << endl;
+ else
+ cout << "okay, they're equal " << endl;
+
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <algorithm>
+using std::find;
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <list>
+using std::list;
+
+#include <forward_list>
+using std::forward_list;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ // lst has ten elements 0 ... 9 in value
+ list<int> lst = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+
+ // print the initial values in lst
+ cout << "initial list: ";
+ for (auto it : lst)
+ cout << it << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // erase the odd elements in lst
+ auto it = lst.begin();
+ while (it != lst.end())
+ if (*it % 2) // if the element is odd
+ it = lst.erase(it); // erase this element
+ else
+ ++it;
+
+ // print the current contents of lst
+ cout << "after erasing odd elements from lst: ";
+ for (auto it : lst)
+ cout << it << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // repeat the same actions but on a forward_list
+ forward_list<int> flst = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+
+ // print the initial values in flst
+ cout << "initial list: ";
+ for (auto it : flst)
+ cout << it << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ // erase the odd elements in flst
+ auto prev = flst.before_begin(); // element "off the start" of flst
+ auto curr = flst.begin(); // denotes the first element in flst
+ while (curr != flst.end()) { // while there are still elements
+ if (*curr % 2) // if the element is odd
+ curr = flst.erase_after(prev); // erase it and move curr
+ else {
+ prev = curr; // move the iterators to denote the next
+ ++curr; // element and one before the next element
+ }
+ }
+
+ // print the current contents of lst
+ cout << "after erasing elements from flst: ";
+ for (auto it : flst)
+ cout << it << " ";
+ cout << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ string name("AnnaBelle");
+ auto pos1 = name.find("Anna"); // pos1 == 0
+ cout << pos1 ;
+ string lowercase("annabelle");
+ pos1 = lowercase.find("Anna"); // pos1 == npos
+ cout << " " << pos1 << endl;
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ string numbers("0123456789"), name("r2d2");
+ // returns 1, i.e., the index of the first digit in name
+ auto pos = name.find_first_of(numbers);
+ if (pos != string::npos)
+ cout << "found number at index: " << pos
+ << " element is " << name[pos] << endl;
+ else
+ cout << "no number in: " << name << endl;
+
+ pos = 0;
+ // each iteration finds the next number in name
+ while ((pos = name.find_first_of(numbers, pos))
+ != string::npos) {
+ cout << "found number at index: " << pos
+ << " element is " << name[pos] << endl;
+
+ ++pos; // move to the next character
+ }
+
+ string river("Mississippi");
+
+ auto first_pos = river.find("is"); // returns 1
+ auto last_pos = river.rfind("is"); // returns 4
+ cout << "find returned: " << first_pos
+ << " rfind returned: " << last_pos << endl;
+
+ string dept("03714p3");
+ // returns 5, which is the index to the character 'p'
+ pos = dept.find_first_not_of(numbers);
+ cout << "first_not returned: " << pos << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+# executable files for this directory
+OBJECTS = capacity.exe erase1.exe erase2.exe find_ops.exe \
+ find-str.exe refreshIter.exe stack.exe \
+ str_assignOps.exe substr.exe useConvs.exe
+
+# tells make to use the file "../GNU_makefile_template", which
+# defines general rules for making .o and .exe files
+include ../GNU_makefile_template
+
+LOCFLAGS = -I..\7
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+void printVec(const vector<int> &vi)
+{
+ // print the vector's elements
+ auto iter = vi.begin();
+ while (iter != vi.end())
+ cout << *iter++ << endl;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ // silly loop to remove even-valued elements
+ // and insert a duplicate of odd-valued elements
+ vector<int> vi = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
+ printVec(vi);
+
+ // we call begin, not cbegin because we're changing vi
+ auto iter = vi.begin();
+ while (iter != vi.end()) {
+ if (*iter % 2) { // if the element is odd
+ iter = vi.insert(iter, *iter); // duplicate it
+ iter += 2; // advance past this element and the new one
+ } else
+ iter = vi.erase(iter); // remove even elements
+ // don't advance the iterator;
+ // iter denotes the element after the one we erased
+ }
+ printVec(vi);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+echo "erase1: " && ./erase1 < data/erase
+
+../noinput capacity.exe erase2.exe find_ops.exe \
+ find-str.exe refreshIter.exe stack.exe \
+ str_assignOps.exe substr.exe useConvs.exe
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <cstddef>
+using std::size_t;
+
+#include <deque>
+using std::deque;
+
+#include <stack>
+using std::stack;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::cerr; using std::endl;
+
+bool process(int);
+
+int main()
+{
+ stack<int> intStack; // empty stack
+
+ // fill up the stack
+ for (size_t ix = 0; ix != 10; ++ix)
+ intStack.push(ix); // intStack holds 0 . . . 9 inclusive
+
+ // while there are still values in intStack
+ while (!intStack.empty()) {
+ int value = intStack.top();
+ // code that uses value
+ cout << value << endl;
+ intStack.pop(); // pop the top element, and repeat
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <vector>
+using std::vector;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+
+int main()
+{
+ string s = "some string", s2 = "some other string";
+ // equivalent ways to insert all the characters from s2 at beginning of s
+ // insert iterator range before s.begin()
+ s.insert(s.begin(), s2.begin(), s2.end());
+ cout << "insert iterators version: " << s << endl;
+
+ s = "some string";
+ s.insert(0, s2); // insert a copy of s2 before position 0 in s
+ cout << "insert string at given position: " << s << endl;
+
+ s = "some string";
+ // insert s2.size() characters from s2 starting at s2[0] before s[0]
+ s.insert(0, s2, 0, s2.size());
+ cout << "insert positional version: " << s << endl;
+
+
+ s = ""; // s is now empty
+ vector<char> c_vec(1, 'a');
+ // insert characters from c_vec into s
+ s.insert(s.begin(), c_vec.begin(), c_vec.end());
+ s.insert(s.size(), 5, '!'); // add five exclamation points at the end of s
+ cout << s << endl;
+
+ s.erase(s.size() - 5, 5); // erase the last five characters from s
+ cout << s << endl;
+
+ s = ""; // s is now empty
+ const char *cp = "Stately, plump Buck";
+ s.assign(cp, 7); // s == "Stately"
+ cout << s << endl;
+ s.insert(s.size(), cp + 7); // s == "Stately, plump Buck"
+ cout << s << endl;
+
+ s = "C++ Primer"; // reset s and s2
+ s2 = s; // to "C++ Primer"
+ s.insert(s.size(), " 4th Ed."); // s == "C++ Primer 4th Ed."
+ s2.append(" 4th Ed."); // equivalent: appends " 4th Ed." to s2;
+ cout << s << " " << s2 << endl;
+
+ // two ways to replace "4th" by "5th"
+ // 1. insert and erase
+ s.erase(11, 3); // s == "C++ Primer Ed."
+ s.insert(11, "5th"); // s == "C++ Primer 5th Ed."
+
+ // 2. use replace
+ // erase three characters starting at position 11
+ // and then insert "5th"
+ s2.replace(11, 3, "5th"); // equivalent: s == s2
+
+ cout << s << " " << s2 << endl;
+
+ // two ways to replace "5th" by "Fifth"
+ // 1. use replace if we know where the string we want to replace is
+ s.replace(11, 3, "Fifth"); // s == "C++ Primer Fifth Ed."
+
+ // 2. call find first to get position from which to replace
+ auto pos = s2.find("5th");
+ if (pos != string::npos)
+ s2.replace(pos, 3, "Fifth");
+ else
+ cout << "something's wrong, s2 is: " << s2 << endl;
+ cout << s << " " << s2 << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+#include <stdexcept>
+using std::out_of_range;
+
+int main()
+{
+ try {
+ string s("hello world");
+ cout << s.substr(0, 5) << endl; // prints hello
+ cout << s.substr(6) << endl; // prints world
+ cout << s.substr(6, 11) << endl; // prints world
+ cout << s.substr(12) << endl; // throws out_of_range
+ } catch(out_of_range) {cout << "caught out_of_range" << endl; }
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+// Version_test.h contains definitions for to_string and stod
+// if the compiler does not yet define these functions,
+// this code will use the definitions we provide
+#include "Version_test.h"
+
+#include <string>
+using std::string;
+#ifdef STRING_NUMERIC_CONVS
+using std::to_string; using std::stod;
+#endif
+
+#include <iostream>
+using std::cout; using std::endl;
+
+int main()
+{
+ int i = 42;
+ // converts the int i to its character representation
+ string s = to_string(i);
+
+ double d = stod(s); // converts the string s to floating-point
+ cout << "i = " << i << " s = " << s << " d is: " << d << endl;
+
+ // convert the first substring in s that starts with a digit, d = 3.14
+ string s2 = "pi = 3.14";
+ d = stod(s2.substr(s2.find_first_of("+-.0123456789")));
+
+ cout << "d = " << d << " s = " << s << " s2 is: " << s2 << endl;
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+#g++ compiler: options
+
+# -std=c++0x enables ISO C++ 11 standard
+# -I.. pulls in the Version_test.h file for conditional compilation
+# of code the uses features that might not yet be implemented
+CC = g++
+CCFLAGS = -std=c++0x -I..
+
+# Some programs include headers defined in earlier chapters
+# LOCFLAGS used to set tell the compiler where to find a
+# header that is not in the same directory as the source file itself
+# LOCFLAGS will be set in directory level makefiles as needed
+LOCFLAGS =
+
+###
+
+####### To compile without using a makefile
+# To compile an object file from a source file you could execute
+# g++ -std=c++0x -c filename.cc # produces filename.obj
+# To compile an executable file from an object file, you would execute
+# g++ -std=c++0x filename.o # produces filename.exe
+# To compile an executable file from a source file, you would execute
+# g++ -std=c++0x filename.cc # produces filename.exe
+#######
+
+# each subdirectory contains a Makefile that lists the executable
+# files that can be made in that directory. That list is assigned
+# to the make macro named $OBJECTS
+# This rule says that the make target named "all" depends on those
+# files. Executing "make all" in a subdirectory will cause make
+# to build each .exe file listed in that subdirectory's makefile
+all: $(OBJECTS)
+
+# rule that says how to make a .o object file from a .cc source file
+# for a given source file in a given directory you could compile it
+# into an object file by executing "make filename.o"
+
+# $< and $@ are macros defined by make
+# $< refers to the file being processed (i.e., compiled or linked)
+# $@ refers to the generated file
+%.o: %.cc
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
+
+# rule that says how to make a .exe executable file from a .o object file
+%.exe: %.o
+ $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) $(LOCFLAGS) $< -o $@
+
+# target to clean up the object files and any core files
+# executing "make clean" in a subdirectory will remove all
+# files named core or any file ending in .obj, or .stackdump
+clean:
+ rm -rf *.o core *.stackdump
+
+# target to remove executable files as well as object and core files
+clobber: clean
+ rm -rf *.exe
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fifth Edition", by Stanley B.
+ * Lippman, Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
+ * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
+ *
+ * "Copyright (c) 2013 by Objectwrite, Inc., Josee Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
+ *
+ *
+ * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
+ * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
+ * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
+ * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
+ * use of the information or programs contained herein."
+ *
+ * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
+ * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
+ * reproduced. Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
+ * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
+ * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
+ * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
+ * address:
+ *
+ * Pearson Education, Inc.
+ * Rights and Permissions Department
+ * One Lake Street
+ * Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
+ * Fax: (201) 236-3290
+*/
+
+#ifndef VERSION_TEST_H
+#define VERSION_TEST_H
+
+
+/* As of the first printing of C++ Primer, 5th Edition (July 2012),
+ * the gcc Version 4.7.0 did not yet support some C++ 11 features.
+ *
+ * The code we distribute contains both normal C++ code and
+ * workarounds for missing features. We use preprocessor variables to
+ * determine whether a given features is implemented in a given release
+ * of the compiler.
+ * The base version we used to test the code in the book
+ * is gcc version 4.7.0 (GCC)
+ *
+ * When new releases are available we will update this file which will
+ * #define the features implmented in that release.
+*/
+
+#if __cplusplus == 201103L
+// base version, future releases of this file will
+// #define these variables as features as they are implemented
+
+/* Code in this delivery use the following variables to control compilation
+
+ Variable tests C++ 11 Feature
+HEX_MANIPS hexfloat and defaultfloat manipulators
+REFMEMS reference qualified member functions
+REGEX regular expressions library
+STRING_NUMERIC_CONVS conversions to and from string to numeric
+*/
+#endif // ends compiler version check
+
+#ifndef STRING_NUMERIC_CONVS
+// if the library doesn't define to_string
+// or the numeric conversion functions
+// as a workaround we define to_string and stod in this file
+
+// Readers can ignore the implemnetations of to_string and stod
+// but can use these functions in their code.
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <string>
+// we use sprintf from stdio to implement to_string
+#include <cstdio>
+
+inline
+std::string to_string(int i)
+{
+ char buf[100];
+ std::sprintf(buf, "%d", i);
+ return buf;
+}
+
+inline
+double stod(const std::string &s, std::size_t * = 0)
+{
+ char **buf = 0;
+ return std::strtod(s.c_str(), buf);
+}
+#endif // STRING_NUMERIC_CONVS
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#ifndef HEX_MANIPS
+inline
+std::ostream &defaultfloat(std::ostream &os)
+{
+ os.unsetf(std::ios_base::floatfield);
+ return os;
+}
+#endif // HEX_MANIPS
+
+#endif // ends header guard
+
--- /dev/null
+DIRS = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
+
+all:
+ cd 1; make
+ cd 2; make
+ cd 3; make
+ cd 4; make
+ cd 5; make
+ cd 6; make
+ cd 7; make
+ cd 8; make
+ cd 9; make
+ cd 10; make
+ cd 11; make
+ cd 12; make
+ cd 13; make
+ cd 14; make
+ cd 15; make
+ cd 16; make
+ cd 17; make
+ cd 18; make
+ cd 19; make
+
+clean:
+ cd 1; make clean
+ cd 2; make clean
+ cd 3; make clean
+ cd 4; make clean
+ cd 5; make clean
+ cd 6; make clean
+ cd 7; make clean
+ cd 8; make clean
+ cd 9; make clean
+ cd 10; make clean
+ cd 11; make clean
+ cd 12; make clean
+ cd 13; make clean
+ cd 14; make clean
+ cd 15; make clean
+ cd 16; make clean
+ cd 17; make clean
+ cd 18; make clean
+ cd 19; make clean
+
+clobber:
+ cd 1; make clobber
+ cd 2; make clobber
+ cd 3; make clobber
+ cd 4; make clobber
+ cd 5; make clobber
+ cd 6; make clobber
+ cd 7; make clobber
+ cd 8; make clobber
+ cd 9; make clobber
+ cd 10; make clobber
+ cd 11; make clobber
+ cd 12; make clobber
+ cd 13; make clobber
+ cd 14; make clobber
+ cd 15; make clobber
+ cd 16; make clobber
+ cd 17; make clobber
+ cd 18; make clobber
+ cd 19; make clobber
+
--- /dev/null
+for i
+do
+ echo $i
+ ./$i
+done
--- /dev/null
+for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
+do
+ echo $i
+ cd $i
+ runpgms
+ cd ..
+done
git://git.halfball.org / lippman5th.git / commitdiff